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SINUMERIK 840D sl/828D. Job Planning. Programming Manual (2010-2018) - page 9

Axis couplings

13.2 Curve tables (CTAB)

<following axis>:

Axis whose motion is to be calculated using the curve table (optional)

<leasing axis>:

Axis providing the master values for the calculation of the following axis

motion (optional)

<following value>:

Following axis value for reading the associated leading axis value for

CTABINV

<leading value>:

Leading axis value:

● For reading the associated following axis value with CTAB

or

● For the selection of the curve segment with CTABSSV/CTABSEV

<approximate

The assignment of a leading axis value to a following axis value with

value>:

CTABINV must not always be unique. CTABINV requires, therefore, an ap-

proximate value for the expected leading axis value as a parameter.

<a>:

Lower limit of the master value interval with CTABTMIN/CTABTMAX

<b>:

Upper limit of the master value interval with CTABTMIN/CTABTMAX

Note:

The master value interval <a> to <b> always has to be within the curve

table's definition range.

Examples

Example 1:

Define following axis and leading axis values at the start and end of the curve table, along with

the minimum and maximum values of the following axis in the entire definition range of the

curve table.

Program code

Comment

N10 DEF REAL STARTPOS

N20 DEF REAL ENDPOS

N30 DEF REAL STARTPARA

N40 DEF REAL ENDPARA

N50 DEF REAL MINVAL

N60 DEF REAL MAXVAL

N70 DEF REAL GRADIENT

N100 CTABDEF(Y,X,1,0)

; Start of table definition

N110 X0 Y10

; Start position 1st table segment

N120 X30 Y40

; End position 1st table segment =

start position 2nd table segment

N130 X60 Y5

; End position 2nd table segment = ...

N140 X70 Y30

N150 X80 Y20

N160 CTABEND

; End of table definition.

N200 STARTPOS=CTABTSV(1,GRADIENT)

; Following axis value at start of curve table

= 10

N210 ENDPOS=CTABTEV(1,GRADIENT)

; Following axis value at end of curve table

= 20

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Axis couplings

13.2 Curve tables (CTAB)

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CTAB with periodic curve tables

If the specified <master value> is outside the definition range, the master value is evaluated

modulo of the definition range and the corresponding following value is output:

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Approximate value for CTABINV

The CTABINV command, therefore, requires an approximate value for the expected master

value. CTABINV returns the leading value that is closest to the approximate value. The

approximate value can be, for example, the master value from the previous interpolator clock

cycle.

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Axis couplings

13.2 Curve tables (CTAB)

CTABSEGID:

Determine the number of curve segments of the specified <segment

type> used by curve table number <n>

CTABSEG:

Determine the number of curve segments of the specified <segment

type> used in the specified <memory location>

CTABFSEG:

Determine the number of curve segments of the specified <segment

type> remaining possible in the specified <memory location>

CTABMSEG:

Determine the maximum possible number of curve segments of the specified

<segment type> in the specified <memory location>

CTABPOLID:

Determine the number of curve polynomials used by curve table number <n>

CTABPOL:

Determine the number of curve polynomials used in the specified <memory

location>

CTABFPOL:

Determine the number of curve polynomials remaining possible in the speci-

fied <memory location>

CTABMPOL:

Determine the maximum possible number of curve polynomials in the speci-

fied <memory location>

<n>:

Number (ID) of curve table

<memory

Specification of memory location (optional)

location>:

"SRAM"

Static NC memory

"DRAM"

Dynamic NC memory

Note:

If a value is not programmed for this parameter, the default memory location

set with MD20905 $MC_CTAB_DEFAULT_MEMORY_TYPE is used.

<segment type>:

Specification of segment type (optional)

"L"

Linear segments

"P"

Polynomial segments

Note:

If no value is programmed for this parameter, the sum of the linear and poly-

nomial segments is output.

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Axis couplings

13.3 Axial master value coupling (LEADON, LEADOF)

13.3

Axial master value coupling (LEADON, LEADOF)

Note

This function is not available for SINUMERIK 828D!

With the axial master value coupling, a leading and a following axis are moved in synchronism.

It is possible to assign the position of the following axis via a curve table or the resulting

polynomial uniquely to a position of the leading axis - simulated if necessary.

<

;

The leading axis is the axis which supplies the input values for the curve table. The following

axis is the axis, which takes the positions calculated by means of the curve table.

Actual value and setpoint coupling

The following can be used as the master value, i.e. as the output values for position calculation

of the following axis:

● Actual values of the leading axis position: Actual value coupling

● Setpoints of the leading axis position: Setpoint value coupling

The master value coupling always applies in the basic coordinate system.

For information on the creation of curve tables, see Section "Curve tables".

Syntax

LEADON(<following axis>,<leading axis>,<n>)

LEADOF(<following axis>,<leading axis>)

or deactivation without specifying the leading axis:

LEADOF(<following axis>)

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Axis couplings

13.3 Axial master value coupling (LEADON, LEADOF)

The master value coupling can be activated/deactivated both from the part program and also

during motion from synchronized actions.

Meaning

LEADON:

Activate master value coupling

LEADOF:

Deactivate master value coupling

<following axis>:

Following axis

<leasing axis>:

Leading axis

<n>:

Curve table number

$SA_LEAD_TYPE:

Switching between setpoint and actual value coupling

Deactivate master value coupling, LEADOF

When you deactivate the master value coupling, the following axis becomes a normal

command axis again!

Axial master value coupling and different operating states, RESET

Depending on the setting in the machine data, the master value couplings are deactivated with

RESET.

Example of master value coupling from synchronous action

In a pressing plant, an ordinary mechanical coupling between a leading axis (stanchion shaft)

and axis of a transfer system comprising transfer axes and auxiliary axes is to be replaced by

an electronic coupling system.

It demonstrates how a mechanical transfer system is replaced by an electronic transfer system.

The coupling and decoupling processes are implemented as static synchronized actions.

From the leading axis LV (stanchion shaft), transfer axes and auxiliary axes are controlled as

following axes that are defined via curve tables.

Following axes

X feed or longitudinal axis

YL closing or transverse axis

ZL lifting axis

U roll feed, auxiliary axis

V guide head, auxiliary axis

W greasing, auxiliary axis

Actions

The actions that occur include, for example, the following synchronized actions:

● Activate coupling, LEADON(<following axis>,<leading axis>,<curve table

number>)

● Deactivate coupling, LEADOF(<following axis>,<leading axis>)

● Set actual value, PRESETON(<axis>,<value>)

● Set marker, $AC_MARKER[i]=<value>

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Axis couplings

13.3 Axial master value coupling (LEADON, LEADOF)

If the following axis is not yet at the correct position when the master value coupling is activated,

the synchronization run is automatically initiated as soon as the position setpoint value

calculated for the following axis is approximately the real following axis position. During the

synchronization procedure the following axis is traversed in the direction that is defined by the

setpoint speed of the following axis (calculated from master spindle and using the CTAB curve

table).

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No synchronism

If the following axis position calculated moves away from the current following axis position

when the master value coupling is activated, it is not possible to establish synchronization.

Actual value and setpoint coupling

Setpoint coupling provides better synchronization of the leading and following axis than actual

value coupling and is therefore set by default.

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Setpoint coupling is only possible if the leading and following axis are interpolated by the same

NCU. With an external leading axis, the following axis can only be coupled to the leading axis

via the actual values.

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Axis couplings

13.4 Electronic gear (EG)

Leading axis1

Axes that influence the following axis

,...,

Leading axis5

Coupling type1

Coupling type

,...,

The coupling type does not need to be the same for all leading axes and

Coupling type5

must be programmed separately for each individual master.

Value:

Meaning:

0

The following axis is influenced by the actual value of the

corresponding leading axis.

1

The following axis is influenced by the setpoint of the corre-

sponding leading axis.

Note

The coupling factors are preset to zero when the EG axis grouping is defined.

Note

EGDEF triggers preprocessing stop. The gearbox definition with EGDEF should also be used

unaltered if, for systems, one or more leading axes affect the following axis via a curve table.

Example

Program code

Comment

EGDEF(C,B,1,Z,1,Y,1)

; Definition of an EG axis group. Leading axes B, Z, Y

influence the following axis C via the setpoint.

13.4.2

Switch-in the electronic gearbox (EGON, EGONSYN, EGONSYNE)

There are 3 ways to switch-in an EG axis group.

Syntax

Variant 1:

The EG axis group is selectively switched-in without synchronization with:

EGON(FA,"block change mode",LA1,Z1,N1,LA2,Z2,N2,...,LA5,Z5,N5)

Variant 2:

The EG axis group is selectively activated with synchronization with:

EGONSYN(FA,"block change mode",SynPosFA,[,LAi,SynPosLAi,Zi,Ni])

Variant 3:

The EG axis group is selectively switched-in with synchronization and the approach mode

specified with:

EGONSYNE(FA,"block change mode",SynPosFA,approach

mode[,LAi,SynPosLAi,Zi,Ni])

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13.4 Electronic gear (EG)

Meaning

Variant 1:

FA

Following axis

Block change mode:

The following modes can be used:

"NOC"

Block change takes place immediately

"FINE"

Block change is performed in "Fine synchronism"

"COARSE"

Block change is performed in "Coarse synchron-

ism"

"IPOSTOP"

Block change is performed for setpoint-based

synchronism

LA1, ... LA5

Leading axes

Z1, ... Z5

Numerator for coupling factor i

N1, ... N5

Denominator for coupling factor i

Coupling factor i = numerator i/denominator i

Only the leading axes previously specified with the EGDEF command may be programmed in

the activation line. At least one leading axis must be programmed.

Variant 2:

FA

Following axis

Block change mode:

The following modes can be used:

"NOC"

Block change takes place immediately

"FINE"

Block change is performed in "Fine synchron-

ism"

"COARSE"

Block change is performed in "Coarse synchron-

ism"

"IPOSTOP"

Block change is performed for setpoint-based

synchronism

[,LAi,SynPosLAi,Zi,Ni]

(do not write the square brackets)

Min. 1, max. 5 sequences of:

LA1, ... LA5

Leading axes

SynPosLAi

Synchronized position for i-th leading axis

Z1, ... Z5

Numerator for coupling factor i

N1, ... N5

Denominator for coupling factor i

Coupling factor i = numerator i/denominator i

Only leading axes previously specified with the EGDEF command may be programmed in the

activation line. Through the programmed "Synchronized positions" for the following axis

(SynPosFA) and for the leading axes (SynPosLA), positions are defined for which the axis

grouping is interpreted as synchronous. If the electronic gear is not in the synchronized state

when the grouping is switched on, the following axis traverses to its defined synchronized

position.

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Axis couplings

13.5 Synchronous spindle

Application examples:

● Flying workpiece transfer, e.g. to machine the rear side, transformation ratio: 1:1

6

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① Synchronize the speed

② Transfer the workpiece

③ Machine the rear side

● Multi-edge machining (polygonal turning), speed synchronism, transformation ratio: n₁:n₂

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Syntax

COUPDEF(<FS>,<LS>,<ZFS>,<NLS>,<block change>,<coupling type>)

COUPON(<FS>,<LS>,<POSFS>)

COUPONC(<FS>,<LS>)

COUPOF(<FS>,<LS>,<POSFS>,<POSLS>)

COUPOFS(<FS>,<LS>)

COUPOFS(<FS>,<LS>,<POSFS>)

COUPRES(<FS>,<LS>)

COUPDEL(<FS>,<LS>)

WAITC(<FS>,<block change>,<LS>,<block change>)

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Axis couplings

13.5 Synchronous spindle

Note

Abbreviated notation

A shorter notation without specification of the leading spindle is possible for the COUPOF,

COUPOFS, COUPRES and COUPDEL statements.

Meaning

COUPDEF:

Define/change coupling on user-specific basis

COUPON:

Activate coupling. The following spindle synchronizes to the leading spindle

based on the actual speed

COUPONC:

Coupling when activating with previous programming of M3 S... or

M4 S

A difference in speed for the following spindle is transferred immediately.

COUPOF:

Deactivate coupling.

● with immediate block change:

COUPOF(<S2>,<S1>)

● Block change only after <POSFS> or <POSLS> deactivation position(s) has

(have) been crossed:

COUPOF(<S2>,<S1>,<POSFS>)

COUPOF(<S2>,<S1>,<POSFS>,<POSLS>)

COUPOFS:

Deactivating a coupling with stop of following spindle.

Block change as quickly as possible with immediate block change:

COUPOFS(<S2>,<S1>)

Block change only after passing the switch-off position:

COUPOFS(<S2>,<S1>,<POSFS>)

COUPRES:

Reset coupling parameters to configured MD and SD

COUPDEL:

Delete user-defined coupling

WAITC:

Wait for synchronized run condition

(NOC are increased to IPO during block changes)

<FS>:

Designation of following spindle

Optional parameters:

<LS>:

Designation of main spindle

Specification with spindle number: e.g. S2, S1

<ZFS>, <NLS>:

Transformation ratio between FS and LS.

<ZFS>/<NLS> = numerator/denominator

Default setting: <ZFS> / <NLS> = 1.0 ; specification of denominator optional

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Axis couplings

13.5 Synchronous spindle

<block change>:

Block change behavior

The block change is:

"NOC"

Immediately

"FINE"

On reaching "Synchronism fine"

"COARSE"

On reaching "Synchronism coarse"

"IPOSTOP"

On reaching IPOSTOP; in other words, after setpoint-

based synchronism (default)

The block change behavior is effective modally.

<coupling type>:

Coupling type: Coupling between FS and LS

"DV"

Setpoint linkage (default)

"AV"

Actual value coupling

"VV"

Speed coupling

The coupling type is modal.

<POSFS>:

Angle offset between leading and following spindles

Range of val-

0°… 359.999°

ues:

<POSFS>,<POSLS>:

Switch-off positions of the following and leading spindles

"The block change is enabled once POS_FS, POS_LS has been passed"

Range of val-

0°… 359.999°

ues:

Examples

Working with leading and following spindles

Program code

Comment

Leading spindle = master spindle = spindle 1

Following spindle = spindle 2

N05 M3 S3000 M2=4 S2=500

Leading spindle rotates at 3000 rpm,

following spindle at 500 rpm.

N10 COUPDEF(S2,S1,1,1,"NOC","Dv")

Definition of the coupling (can also be config-

ured).

N70 SPCON

Bring leading spindle into closed-loop position

control (setpoint coupling).

N75 SPCON(2)

Bring following spindle into closed-loop posi-

tion control.

N80 COUPON(S2,S1,45)

On-the-fly coupling to offset position = 45 de-

grees.

N200 FA[S2]=100

Positioning speed = 100 degrees/min

N205 SPOS[2]=IC(-90)

Traverse with 90 degrees overlay in negative di-

rection.

N210 WAITC(S2,"Fine")

Wait for "fine" synchronism.

N212 G1 X... Y... F...

Machining

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13.5 Synchronous spindle

2. Activate coupling during previous programming of following spindle with COUPONC

Program code

Comment

Leading spindle = master spindle = spindle 1

Following spindle = spindle 2

N05 M3 S100 M2=3 S2=200

Leading spindle rotates at 100 rpm, following

spindle at 200 rpm.

N10 G4 F5

Dwell time = 5 seconds of master spindle

N15 COUPDEF(S2,S1,1)

Transformation ratio of FS to LS is 1.0 (de-

fault).

N20 COUPONC(S2,S1)

On-the-fly coupling to leading spindle and trans-

fer previous speed to S2.

N10 G4 F5

S2 rotates at 100 rpm + 200 rpm = 300 rpm

3. Activate coupling with following spindle stationary with COUPON

Program code

Comment

Leading spindle = master spindle = spindle 1

Following spindle = spindle 2

N05 SPOS=10 SPOS[2]=20

Following spindle S2 in positioning mode.

N15 COUPDEF(S2,S1,1)

Transformation ratio of FS to LS is 1.0 (de-

fault).

N20 COUPON(S2,S1)

On-the-fly coupling to the leading spindle.

N10 G4 F1

Coupling is closed, S2 stops at 20 degrees.

4. Activate coupling with following spindle stationary with COUPONC

Note

Positioning or axis mode

If the following spindle is in positioning or axis mode before coupling, then the following spindle

behaves the same for COUPON(<FS>,<LS>) and COUPONC(<FS>,<LS>).

Note

Leading spindle and axis operation

If, prior to the coupling being defined, the leading spindle is in axis operation, the velocity limit

value from machine data

MD32000 $MA_MAX_AX_VELO (maximum axis velocity) will still apply even after the coupling

is activated.

To avoid this behavior, the axis must be switched to spindle mode (M3 S... or M4 S...)

prior to the coupling being defined.

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Axis couplings

13.5 Synchronous spindle

Further information

Configured coupling

For the configured coupling, the LS and FS are defined via machine data. The configured

spindles cannot be changed in the part program. The coupling can be parameterized in the

part program using COUPDEF (on condition that no write protection is valid).

User-defined coupling

COUPDEF can be used to redefine or change a coupling in the part program. If a coupling is

already active, it has to be deleted first with COUPDEL before a new coupling is defined.

A coupling is defined in its entirety by:

COUPDEF(<FS>,<LS>,<TFS>,<TLS>, block change behavior, coupling type)

Following spindle (FS) and leading spindle (LS)

The coupling is uniquely defined using the axis names for the FS and LS. The axis names

have to be programmed with every COUPDEF statement. The other coupling parameters are

modal and only have to be programmed if they change.

Example:

COUPDEF(S2,S1)

Transformation ratio

The transformation ratio is defined as the speed ratio between FS and LS:

Following spindle / leading spindle = numerator/denominator

The numerator must be programmed. The denominator must not be programmed. The default

value 1.0 is then set for the denominator.

Example:

Following spindle S2 and leading spindle S1, transformation ratio = 1/1

COUPDEF(S2, S1, 1.0)

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Axis couplings

13.6 Generic coupling (CP...)

13.6

Generic coupling (CP...)

"Generic Coupling" is a general coupling function, combining all coupling characteristics of

existing coupling types (coupled motion, master value coupling, electronic gearbox and

synchronous spindle).

The function allows flexible programming:

● Users can select the coupling properties required for their applications (building block

principle).

● Each coupling property can be programmed individually.

● The coupling properties of a defined coupling (e.g. coupling factor) can be changed.

● Later use of additional coupling properties is possible.

● The coordinate reference system of the following axis (base coordinate system or machine

coordinate system) is programmable.

● Certain coupling properties can also be programmed with synchronous actions.

References: Function Manual, Synchronized Actions

Note

Previous coupling calls for coupled motion (TRAIL*), Master value coupling (LEAD*), Electronic

Gearbox (EG*) and Synchronous spindle (COUP*) are supported via adaptive cycles.

Overview of all keywords and coupling characteristics

The following table gives an overview of all keywords of the generic coupling and the

programmable coupling characteristics:

Keyword

Coupling characteristics / mean-

Syntax

ing

CPDEF

Creation of a coupling module

CPDEF=(<FAx>)

CPDEL

Deletion of a coupling module

CPDEL=(<FAx>)

CPLA

Definition of a leading axis

CPLA[<FAx>]=(<LAx>)

CPLDEF

Definition of a leading axis and

CPLDEF[<FAx>]=(<LAx>)

creation of a coupling module

or

(also possible with CPDEF +

CPDEF=(<FAx>) CPLA[<FAx>]=(<LAx>)

CPLA)

CPLDEL

Deletion of a leading axis of a

CPLDEL[<FAx>]=(<LAx>)

coupling module

or

(also possible with CPDEF +

CPDEL=(<FAx>) CPLA[<FAx>]=(<LAx>)

CPLA)

CPON

Switching on a coupling module

CPON=(<FAx>)

CPOF

Switching off a coupling module

CPOF=(<FAx>)

CPLON

Switching on a leading axis of a

CPLON[<FAx>]=<LAx>

coupling module

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13.6 Generic coupling (CP...)

Keyword

Coupling characteristics / mean-

Syntax

ing

CPLOF

Switching off a leading axis of a

CPLOF[<FAx>]=<LAx>

coupling module

CPLNUM

Numerator of the coupling factor

CPLNUM[FAx,LAx]=<value>

CPLDEN

Denominator of the coupling

CPLDEN[FAx,LAx]=<value>

factor

CPLCTID

Number of the curve table

CPLCTID[FAx,LAx]=<value>

CPLSETVAL

Coupling reference

CPLSETVAL[FAx,LAx]="<coupling reference>"

"<coupling

"CMDPOS"

Setpoint value coupling

reference>":

"CMDVEL"

Speed coupling

"ACTPOS"

Actual value coupling

CPFRS

Coordinate reference system

CPFRS[FAx]="<coordinate reference>"

"<coordinate

"BCS"

Basic Coordinate System

reference>":

"MCS"

Machine Coordinate Sys-

tem

CPBC

Block change criterion

CPBC[FAx]="<block change criterion>"

"<block change

"NOC"

Block change is performed

criterion>":

irrespective of the coupling

status.

"IPOSTOP"

Block change is performed

with setpoint synchronism.

"COARSE"

Block change is performed

with actual value synchron-

ism “coarse”.

"FINE"

Block change is performed

with actual value synchron-

ism "fine".

CPFPOS + CPON

Synchronized position of the fol-

CPON=FAx CPFPOS[FAx]=<value>

lowing axis when switching on

CPLPOS + CPON

Synchronized position of the

CPLPOS[FAx,LAx]=<value>

leading axis when switching on

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Axis couplings

13.6 Generic coupling (CP...)

Keyword

Coupling characteristics / mean-

Syntax

ing

CPFMSON

Synchronization mode

CPFMSON[FAx]="<synchronization mode>"

"<synchronization

"CFAST"

The coupling is closed time-

mode>":

optimized.

"CCOARSE"

The coupling is only closed

when the following axis po-

sition, required according

to the coupling rule, is in the

range of the current follow-

ing axis position.

"NTGT"

The next tooth gap is ap-

proached time-optimized.

"NTGP"

The next tooth gap is ap-

proached path-optimized.

"NRGT"

The next segment is ap-

proached in a time-opti-

mized manner, in accord-

ance with the ratio of the

number of gears to the

number of teeth.

"NRGP"

The next segment is ap-

proached in a path-opti-

mized manner, in accord-

ance with the ratio of the

number of gears to the

number of teeth.

"ACN"

For rotary axes only!

The rotary axis traverses to

the synchronized position

in the negative axis direc-

tion. Synchronization is re-

alized immediately.

"ACP"

For rotary axes only!

The rotary axis traverses to

the synchronized position

in the positive axis direc-

tion. Synchronization is re-

alized immediately.

"DCT"

For rotary axes only!

The rotary axis traverses to

the programmed synchron-

ized position time-opti-

mized. Synchronization is

realized immediately.

"DCP"

For rotary axes only!

The rotary axis traverses to

the programmed synchron-

ized position path-opti-

mized. Synchronization is

realized immediately.

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13.6 Generic coupling (CP...)

Keyword

Coupling characteristics / mean-

Syntax

ing

CPFMON

Behavior of the following axis

CPFMON[FAx]= "<switch-on behavior>"

when switching on

"<switch-on

"STOP"

For spindles only!

behavior>":

An active motion of the fol-

lowing spindle is stopped

before switch-on.

"CONT"

For spindles and main tra-

verse axes only!

The current motion of the

following axis/spindle is tak-

en over into the coupling as

start motion.

"ADD"

For spindles only!

The motion components of

the coupling operate in ad-

dition to the currently over-

laid motion, i.e. the current

motion of the following axis/

spindle is retained as over-

laid motion.

CPFMOF

Behavior of the following axis at

CPFMOF[FAx]="<switch-off behavior>"

complete switch-off

"<switch-off

"STOP"

Stop of a following axis/

behavior>":

spindle.

An active overlaid motion is

also braked to standstill.

The coupling is then

opened

"CONT"

For spindles and main tra-

verse axes only!

The following spindle con-

tinues to traverse at the

speed/velocity that applied

at the instant of deactiva-

tion.

CPFPOS + CPOF

Switch-off position of the follow-

CPOF=(FAx) CPFPOS[FAx]=<value>

ing axis when switching off

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Axis couplings

13.6 Generic coupling (CP...)

Keyword

Coupling characteristics / mean-

Syntax

ing

CPMRESET

Coupling behavior for RESET

CPMRESET[FAx]="<Reset behavior>"

"<reset

"NONE"

The current state of the cou-

behavior>":

pling is retained.

"ON"

When the appropriate cou-

pling module is created, the

coupling is switched on. All

defined leading axis rela-

tionships are activated.

This is also performed

when all or parts of these

leading axis relationships

are active, i.e. resynchroni-

zation is performed even

with a completely activated

coupling.

"OF"

An active overlaid motion is

also braked to standstill.

The coupling is then deacti-

vated. When the relevant

coupling module was cre-

ated without an explicit def-

inition (CPDEF), the cou-

pling module is deleted.

Otherwise it is retained, i.e.

it can still be used.

"OFC"

Possible only in spindles!

The following spindle con-

tinues to traverse at the

speed/velocity that applied

at the instant of deactiva-

tion. The coupling is switch-

ed off. When the relevant

coupling module was cre-

ated without an explicit def-

inition (CPDEF), the cou-

pling module is deleted.

Otherwise it is retained, i.e.

it can still be used.

"DEL"

An active overlaid motion is

also braked to standstill.

The coupling is then deacti-

vated and then deleted.

"DELC"

Possible only in spindles!

The following spindle con-

tinues to traverse at the

speed/velocity that applied

at the instant of deactiva-

tion. The coupling is deacti-

vated and then deleted.

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Axis couplings

13.6 Generic coupling (CP...)

Keyword

Coupling characteristics / mean-

Syntax

ing

CPMSTART

Coupling behavior at part pro-

CPMSTART[FAx]="<start behavior>"

gram start

"<start

"NONE"

The current state of the cou-

behavior>":

pling is retained.

"ON"

Coupling switched-on. All

defined leading axis rela-

tionships are activated.

This is also performed

when all or parts of these

leading axis relationships

are active, i.e. resynchroni-

zation is performed even

with a completely activated

coupling.

"OF"

The coupling is switched

off. When the relevant cou-

pling module was created

without an explicit definition

(CPDEF), the coupling

module is deleted. Other-

wise it is retained, i.e. it can

still be used.

"DEL"

The coupling is deactivated

and then deleted.

CPMPRT

Coupling response at part pro-

CPMPRT[FAx]="<start behavior>"

gram start under block search

"<start

see CPMSTART

run via program test

behavior>":

CPLINTR

Offset value of the input value

CPLINTR[FAx,LAx]=<value>

of a leading axis

CPLINSC

Scaling factor of the input value

CPLINSC[FAx,LAx]=<value>

of a leading axis

CPLOUTTR

Offset value for the output value

CPLOUTTR[FAx,LAx]=<value>

of a coupling

CPLOUTSC

Scaling factor for the output val-

CPLOUTSC[FAx,LAx]=<value>

ue of a coupling

CPSYNCOP

Threshold value of position syn-

CPSYNCOP[FAx]=<value>

chronism "Coarse"

CPSYNFIP

Threshold value of position syn-

CPSYNFIP[FAx]=<value>

chronism "Fine"

CPSYNCOP2

Second threshold value for the

CPSYNCOP2[FAx]=<value>

"Coarse" position synchronism

CPSYNFIP2

Second threshold value for the

CPSYNFIP2[FAx]=<value>

"Fine" position synchronism

CPSYNCOV

Threshold value of velocity syn-

CPSYNCOV[FAx]=<value>

chronism "Coarse"

CPSYNFIV

Threshold value of velocity syn-

CPSYNFIV[FAx]=<value>

chronism "Fine"

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591

Axis couplings

13.6 Generic coupling (CP...)

Keyword

Coupling characteristics / mean-

Syntax

ing

CPMBRAKE

Response of the following axis

CPMBRAKE[FAx]=<bit-coded value>

to certain stop signals and stop

commands

CPMVDI

Response of the following axis

CPMVDI[FAx]=<bit-coded value>

to certain NC/PLC interface sig-

nals

CPMALARM

Suppression of special cou-

CPMALARM[FAx]=<bit-coded value>

pling-related alarm outputs

CPSETTYPE

Coupling type

CPSETTYPE[FAx]="<coupling type>"

"<coupling type>":

"CP"

Freely programmable

"TRAIL"

Coupling type "Coupled

motion"

"LEAD"

Coupling type "Master Val-

ue Coupling"

"EG"

Coupling type "Electronic

gearbox"

"COUP"

Coupling type "Synchron-

ized spindle"

FAx: Following axis/spindle

LAx: Leading axis/spindle

Note

Coupling characteristics, which are not explicitly programmed (in part program of synchronous

actions), become effective with their default settings.

Depending on the settings of the keyword CPSETTYPE instead of the default settings

(CPSETTYPE="CP") preset coupling characteristics can become effective.

References

For detailed information on generic couplings, see:

● Function Manual, Special Functions; M3: Axis couplings, Chapter: "Generic coupling"

Job Planning

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Axis couplings

13.7 Master/slave coupling (MASLDEF, MASLDEL, MASLON, MASLOF, MASLOFS)

13.7

Master/slave coupling (MASLDEF, MASLDEL, MASLON, MASLOF,

MASLOFS)

The "master/slave coupling" enables:

● The coupling of the slave axes to the master axis, when the axes involved are at standstill.

● The coupling/decoupling of rotating, speed-controlled spindles.

● The dynamic configuration.

Note

Positioning mode

For axes and spindles in the positioning mode, the coupling is only closed and opened at

standstill.

Syntax

MASLON(<slave_1>,<slave_2>,...)

MASLOF(<slave_1>,<slave_2>,...)

MASLOFS(<slave_1>,<slave_2>,...)

Dynamic configuration:

MASLDEF(<slave_1>,<slave_2>, ... ,<master>)

MASLDEL(<slave_1>,<slave_2>,...)

Meaning

MASLON:

Activating a temporary master/slave coupling

<Slave_x>,...:

Slave axis 1 ... n

MASLOF:

Decoupling an active master/slave coupling

<slave_1>,...:

Slave axis 1 ... n

MASLOFS:

Decoupling a master/slave coupling and automatically braking slave spindles (see note

"Coupling behavior for spindles! in speed control mode"!)

<slave_1>,...:

Slave axis 1 ... n

MASLDEF:

Creating/changing a master/slave group from the part program

<slave_1>,...:

Slave axis 1 ... n

<master>:

Master axis

MASLDEL:

Separate master/slave coupling and delete the definition of the grouping

<slave_1>,...:

Slave axis 1 ... n

Note:

The master/slave definitions configured in the machine data are retained.

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Axis couplings

13.7 Master/slave coupling (MASLDEF, MASLDEL, MASLON, MASLOF, MASLOFS)

Note

Coupling behavior for spindles in speed control mode

For spindles in the speed control mode, the coupling behavior of MASLON, MASLOF, MASLOFS

and MASLDEL are specified explicitly via the following machine data:

MD37263 $MA_MS_SPIND_COUPLING_MODE

For the default setting with MD37263 = 0, the slave axes are coupled-in and coupled-out only

when the axes involved are at standstill. MASLOFS corresponds to MASLOF.

For MD37263 = 1, the coupling instruction is immediately executed and therefore also the

motion. For MASLON the coupling is immediately closed and for MASLOFS or MASLOF

immediately opened. With MASLOF, the slave spindles rotating at this instant keep their speeds

until a new speed is programmed. However, with MASLOFS, they are braked automatically.

Note

For MASLOF/MASLOFS, the implicit preprocessing stop is not required. Because of the missing

preprocessing stop, the $P system variables for the slave axes do not provide updated values

until next programming.

Note

For the slave axis, the actual value can be synchronized to the same value of the master axis

using PRESETON. To do this, the permanent/slave coupling must be briefly switched off in order

to set the actual value of the non-referenced slave axis to the value of the master/axis with

POWER ON. Then the coupling is permanently re-established.

The permanent master/slave coupling is activated with the following MD setting:

MD37262 $MA_MS_COUPLING_ALWAYS_ACTIVE = 1

It has no effect on the language commands of the temporary coupling.

Examples

Example 1: Set actual value for the slave axis of a master/slave coupling

For a permanent master/slave coupling, PRESETON sets the actual value of the slave axis to

the value of the master axis.

Program code

Comment

$MA_MS_COUPLING_ALWAYS_ACTIVE[AX2]=0

; Deactivate the permanent coupling of

the slave axis

NEWCONF

; Activate machine data change

STOPRE

MASLOF(Y1)

; Deactivate temporary coupling

PRESETON(AX2,$VA_IM(M_AX))

; Actual value of the slave axis = actual

value of the master axis

$MA_MS_COUPLING_ALWAYS_ACTIVE[AX2]=1

; Activate the permanent coupling of the

slave axis

Job Planning

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Axis couplings

13.7 Master/slave coupling (MASLDEF, MASLDEL, MASLON, MASLOF, MASLOFS)

Program code

Comment

NEWCONF

; Activate machine data change

Example 2: Dynamic configuration of a master/slave coupling

To enable coupling with another spindle after axis container rotation, the previous coupling

must be uncoupled, the configuration cleared, and a new coupling configured.

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Prior to the axis container rotation

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After axis container rotation by one slot

Program code

Comment

MASLDEF(AUX,S3)

; AUX: Slave, S3: Master = AX3

MASLON(AUX)

; Coupling on

M3=3 S3=4000

; Rotate master

MASLDEL(AUX)

; Disconnect and delete coupling

AXCTSWE(CT1)

; Enable axis container rotation

MASLDEF(AUX,S3)

; AUX: Slave, S3: Master = AX2

References

● Function Manual Special Functions, Chapter "TE3: Speed/torque coupling, master-slave"

● Function Manual Extended Functions, Chapter "B3: Distributed systems - only 840D sl" >

"NCU link" > "Axis container"

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Oscillation

15.1 Asynchronous oscillation (OS, OSP1, OSP2, OST1, OST2, OSCTRL, OSNSC, OSE, OSB)

OSP2:

Define position of reversal point 2

Note:

If incremental movement is active, the position will be calculated incrementally to the last

corresponding reversal position programmed in the NC program.

OST1:

Define stopping time in reversal point 1 in [s]

OST2:

Define stopping time in reversal point 2 in [s]

<value>:

-2

Interpolation continues without wait for exact stop

-1

Wait for exact stop coarse

0

Wait for exact stop fine

>0

Wait for exact stop fine and then wait for specified stopping time

Note:

The unit for the stopping time is identical to that of the stopping time

programmed with G4.

FA:

Define feedrate

The feedrate is the defined feedrate of the positioning axis. If no feedrate is defined, the

value stored in the machine data applies.

OSCTRL:

Specify setting and reset options

Option values 0 to 3 encrypt the behavior at the reversal points on deactivation. One of

the variants from 0 to 3 can be selected. The remaining settings can be combined at will

with the selected variant. Multiple options are appended with plus characters (+).

<value>:

0

Stop at next reversal point on deactivation of oscillation (default)

Note:

Only possible if values 1 and 2 are reset.

1

When the oscillation is deactivated, stop at reversal point 1

2

When the oscillation is deactivated, stop at reversal point 2

3

When the oscillation is deactivated, do not approach reversal point

if no spark-out strokes are programmed

4

Approach end position after spark-out

8

If oscillation is canceled by deletion of distance-to-go, sparking-out

strokes will then need to be executed and the end position approach-

ed if necessary.

16

If oscillation is canceled by deletion of distance-to-go, the corre-

sponding reversal point will need to be approached as is the case

with shutdown.

32

New feed is only active after the next reversal point

64

FA equal to 0, FA = 0: Path overlay is active

FA not equal to 0, FA <> 0: Speed overlay is active

128

For rotary axis DC (shortest path)

256

The sparking-out stroke is a dual stroke (default). 1=Single stroke.

512

First approach start position

OSNSC:

Define number of sparking-out strokes

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Oscillation

15.1 Asynchronous oscillation (OS, OSP1, OSP2, OST1, OST2, OSCTRL, OSNSC, OSE, OSB)

OSE:

Define end position (in workpiece coordinate system) to be approached after deactivation

of oscillation.

Note:

When programming "OSE" option 4 becomes effective implicitly for "OSCTRL".

OSB:

Define start position (in workpiece coordinate system) to be approached prior to activation

of oscillation.

The start position is approached before reversal point 1. If the start position coincides with

reversal position 1, reversal position 2 is approached next. No stopping time applies when

the start position is reached, even if this position coincides with reversal position 1; in-

stead, the axis waits for the exact stop fine signal. Any exact stop condition configured is

fulfilled.

Note:

Bit 9 in setting data SD43770 $SA_OSCILL_CTRL_MASK must be set to initiate an ap-

proach to the start position.

Examples

Example 1: Oscillating axis to oscillate between two reversal points

Oscillating axis Z is to oscillate between position 10 and 100. Reversal point 1 is to be

approached with exact stop fine, reversal point 2 with exact stop coarse. The feedrate for the

oscillating axis must be 250. 3 sparking-out strokes must be executed at the end of the

machining operation and the oscillating must approach end position 200. The feedrate for the

infeed axis must be 1 and the end of infeed in the X direction should be reached at position

15.

Program code

Comment

WAITP(X,Y,Z)

; Initial setting.

G0 X100 Y100 Z100

; Switch over to positioning axis opera-

tion.

WAITP(X,Z)

OSP1[Z]=10 OSP2[Z]=100

; Reversal point 1, reversal point 2.

OSE[Z]=200

; End position.

OST1[Z]=0 OST2[Z]=-1

;Stopping time at U1: Exact stop fine

; Stopping time at U2: Exact stop coarse

FA[Z]=250 FA[X]=1

; Feed for oscillating axis, infeed axis

OSCTRL[Z]=(4,0)

; Setting options.

OSNSC[Z]=3

; 3 sparking-out strokes.

OS[Z]=1

; Start oscillation.

WHEN $A_IN[3]==TRUE DO DELDTG(X)

; Deletion of distance-to-go.

POS[X]=15

; Starting position X axis.

POS[X]=50

; End position X axis.

OS[Z]=0

; Stop oscillation.

M30

Note

The "OSP1[Z]=..." to "OSNCS[Z]=..." command sequence can also be programmed in a block.

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Oscillation

15.2 Oscillation controlled by synchronized actions (OSCILL)

15.2

Oscillation controlled by synchronized actions (OSCILL)

With this mode of oscillation, an infeed motion may only be executed at the reversal points or

within defined reversal areas.

Depending on requirements, the oscillation movement can be

● Continued or

● Stopped until the infeed has finished executing.

Syntax

1. Define parameters for oscillation

2. Define motion-synchronous actions

3. Assign axes, define infeed

Meaning

OSP1[<oscillating axis>]=

Position of reversal point 1

OSP2[<oscillating axis>]=

Position of reversal point 2

OST1[<oscillating axis>]=

Stopping time at reversal point 1 in seconds

OST2[<oscillating axis>]=

Stopping time at reversal point 2 in seconds

FA[<oscillating axis>]=

Feed for oscillating axis

OSCTRL[<oscillating axis>]=

Set or reset options

OSNSC[<oscillating axis>]=

Number of sparking-out strokes

OSE[<oscillating axis>]=

End position

WAITP(<oscillating axis>)

Enable axis for oscillation

Axis assignment, infeed

OSCILL[<oscillating axis>]=(<infeed axis 1>,<infeed axis 2>,<infeed

axis 3>)

POSP[<infeed axis>]=(<end position>,<partial length>,<mode>)

OSCILL:

Assign infeed axis or axes for oscillating axis

POSP:

Define complete and partial infeeds (see Section "File and Program Management")

End position:

End position for the infeed axis after all partial infeeds have been traversed.

Partial

Length of the partial infeed at reversal point/reversal area

length:

Mode:

Division of the complete infeed into partial infeeds

= Two residual steps of equal size (default);

= All partial infeeds of equal size

Motion-synchronous actions

WHEN… … DO

when…, do…

WHENEVER … DO

whenever…, do…

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Oscillation

15.2 Oscillation controlled by synchronized actions (OSCILL)

Example

No infeed must take place at reversal point 1. At reversal point 2, the infeed is to start at a

distance of ii2 before reversal point 2 and the oscillating axis is not to wait at the reversal point

for the end of the partial infeed. Axis Z is the oscillation axis and axis X the infeed axis.

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1. Parameters for oscillation

Program code

Comment

DEF INT ii2

; Define variable for reversal area 2

OSP1[Z]=10 OSP2[Z]=60

; Define reversal points 1 and 2

OST1[Z]=0 OST2[Z]=0

; Reversal point 1: Exact stop fine

Reversal point 2: Exact stop fine

FA[Z]=150 FA[X]=0.5

; Oscillating axis Z feedrate, infeed axis X feedrate

OSCTRL[Z]=(2+8+16.1)

; Deactivate oscillating motion at reversal point 2; after

delete DTG spark-out and approach end position; after de-

lete DTG approach reversal position

OSNC[Z]=3

; Sparking-out strokes

OSE[Z]=70

; End position = 70

ii2=2

; Set reversal point range

WAITP(Z)

; Enable oscillation for Z axis

2. Synchronized action

Program code

Comment

WHENEVER $AA_IM[Z]<$SA_OSCILL_REVERSE_POS2[Z]

; If the actual position of oscil-

DO ->

lating axis Z in MCS is less than

$AA_OVR[X]=0 $AC_MARKER[0]=0

the start of reversal range 2, then

always set the axial override of the

infeed axis X to 0% and the bit mem-

ory with index 0 to the value 0.

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Oscillation

15.2 Oscillation controlled by synchronized actions (OSCILL)

Define oscillation parameters

Assignment of oscillating and infeed axes: OSCILL

OSCILL[<oscillating axis>]=(<infeed axis1>,<infeed axis2>,<infeed

axis3>)

The axis assignments and the start of the oscillation movement are defined with the "OSCILL"

command.

Up to 3 infeed axes can be assigned to an oscillating axis.

Note

Before oscillation starts, the synchronization conditions must be defined for the behavior of

the axes.

Define infeeds: POSP

POSP[<infeed axis>]=(<end position>,<partial length>,<mode>)

The following are declared to the control with the "POSP" command:

● Complete infeed (with reference to end position)

● The length of the partial infeed at the reversal point or in the reversal area

● The partial infeed response when the end position is reached (with reference to mode)

Mode = 0

The distance-to-go to the destination point for the last two partial infeeds is divided

into two equal steps (default setting).

Mode = 1

All partial infeeds are of equal size. They are calculated from the complete infeed.

Define motion-synchronized actions

The synchronized-motion actions listed below are used for general oscillation.

You are given example solutions for individual tasks, which you can use as modules for creating

user-specific oscillation movements

Note

In individual cases, the synchronization conditions can be programmed differentially.

Keywords

WHEN … DO …

when…, do…

WHENEVER … DO

whenever…, do…

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Punching and nibbling

16.1 Activation/deactivation

SPIF1 and SPIF2 commands are used to switch over between the first and second punching

interface.

Note

Requirement: A second I/O pair has to be defined for the punching functionality in the machine

data (→ see machine manufacturer's specifications).

Syntax

PON G... X... Y... Z...

SON G... X... Y... Z...

SONS G... X... Y... Z...

PONS G... X... Y... Z...

PDELAYON

PDELAYOF

PUNCHACC(<Smin>,<Amin>,<Smax>,<Amax>)

SPIF1/SPIF2

SPOF

Meaning

PON:

Activate punching.

SON:

Activate nibbling

PONS:

Activate punching with leader.

SONS:

Activate nibbling with leader.

SPOF:

Deactivate punching/nibbling.

PDELAYON:

Activate punching with delay.

PDELAYOF:

Deactivate punching with delay.

PUNCHACC:

Activate travel-dependent acceleration.

Parameter:

<Smin>

Minimum hole spacing

<Amin>

Initial acceleration

<Amin> can be greater than <Amax>.

<Smax>

Maximum hole spacing

<Amax>

Final acceleration

<Amax> can be greater than <Amin>.

SPIF1:

Activate first punching interface.

The stroke is controlled using the first pair of fast I/O.

SPIF2:

Activate second punching interface.

The stroke is controlled using the second pair of fast I/O.

Note:

The first punch interface is always active after a RESET or control system power up.

If only one punching interface is used, then it need not be programmed.

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Punching and nibbling

16.1 Activation/deactivation

The axis accelerates at a rate corresponding to 50% of maximum acceleration.

Distance between holes from 2 mm to 10 mm:

Acceleration is increased to 100%, proportional to the spacing.

Distance between holes more than 10 mm:

Traverse at an acceleration of 100%.

Initiation of the first stroke

The instant at which the first stroke is initiated after activation of the function differs depending

on whether nibbling or punching is selected:

● PON/PONS:

- All strokes - even the one in the first block after activation - are executed at the block

end.

● SON/SONS:

- The first stroke after activation of the nibbling function is executed at the start of the

block.

- Each of the following strokes is initiated at the block end.

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Punching and nibbling on the spot

A stroke is initiated only if the block contains traversing information for the punching or nibbling

axes (axes in active plane).

However, to initiate a stroke at the same position, one of the punching/nibbling axes can be

programmed with a traversing path of 0.

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Punching and nibbling

16.1 Activation/deactivation

Machining with rotatable tools

Note

Use the tangential control function if you wish to position rotatable tools at a tangent to the

programmed path.

Use of M commands

As in earlier versions, macro technology allows special M functions to be used instead of

language commands (compatibility). The M functions and equivalent language commands as

used in earlier systems are as follows:

M20, M23

≙ SPOF

M22

≙ SON

M25

≙ PON

M26

≙ PDELAYON

Example for macro file:

Program code

Comment

DEFINE M25 AS PON

; Punching on

DEFINE M125 AS PONS

; Punching with leader on

DEFINE M22 AS SON

; Nibbling on

DEFINE M122 AS SONS

; Nibbling with leader on

DEFINE M26 AS PDELAYON

; Punching with delay on

DEFINE M20 AS SPOF

; Punching, nibbling off

DEFINE M23 AS SPOF

; Punching, nibbling off

Programming example:

Program code

Comment

N100 X100 M20

; Position without punch initiation.

N110 X120 M22

; Activate nibbling, initiate stroke before and af-

ter motion.

N120 X150 Y150 M25

; Activate punching, initiate stroke at end of mo-

tion.

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Punching and nibbling

16.2 Automatic path segmentation

Example 1

The programmed nibbling segments should be automatically split-up into path segments.

;

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Program code

Comment

N100 G90 X130 Y75 F60 SPOF

; Positioning at starting point 1

N110 G91 Y125 SPP=4 SON

; Nibbling on; maximum path seg-

ment length

for automatic path segmentation: 4

mm

N120 G90 Y250 SPOF

; Nibbling off; positioning to

starting point 2

N130 X365 SON

; Nibbling on; maximum path seg-

ment length

for automatic path segmentation: 4

mm

N140 X525 SPOF

; Nibbling off; positioning to

starting point 3

N150 X210 Y75 SPP=3 SON

; Nibbling on; maximum path seg-

ment length

for automatic path segmentation: 3

mm

N160 X525 SPOF

; Nibbling off; positioning to

starting point 4

N170 G02 X-62.5 Y62.5 I J62.5 SPP=3 SON

; Nibbling on; maximum path seg-

ment length

for automatic path segmentation: 3

mm

N180 G00 G90 Y300 SPOF

; Nibbling off

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Punching and nibbling

16.2 Automatic path segmentation

Example 2

Automatic path segmentation should be made for the individual series of holes. The maximum

path segment length (SPP value) is specified for the segmentation.

;

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Program code

Comment

N100 G90 X75 Y75 F60 PON

; Position to starting point 1;

punch a single hole

N110 G91 Y125 SPP=25

; Maximum path segment length for

automatic path segmentation: 25 mm

N120 G90 X150 SPOF

; Punching off; positioning to

starting point 2

N130 X375 SPP=45 PON

; Punching on; maximum path segment length

for automatic path segmentation: 45 mm

N140 X275 Y160 SPOF

; Punching off; positioning to

starting point 3

N150 X150 Y75 SPP=40 PON

; Punching on, instead of the programmed path segment

length of 40 mm, the calculated path segment length of

37.79 mm is used.

N160 G00 Y300 SPOF

; Punching off; positioning

16.2.1

Path segmentation for path axes

Length of SPP path segment

SPP is used to specify the maximum distance between strokes and thus the maximum length

of the path segments in which the total traversing distance is to be divided. The command is

deactivated with SPOF or SPP=0.

Example:

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Punching and nibbling

16.2 Automatic path segmentation

N10 SON X0 Y0

N20 SPP=2 X10

The total traversing distance of 10 mm will be divided into five path sections each of 2 mm

(SPP=2).

Note

The path segments effected by SPP are always equidistant, i.e. all segments are equal in

length. In other words, the programmed path segment size (SPP setting) is valid only if the

quotient of the total traversing distance and the SPP value is an integer. If this is not the case,

the size of the path segment is reduced internally such as to produce an integer quotient.

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Example:

N10 G1 G91 SON X10 Y10

N20 SPP=3.5 X15 Y15

When the total traversing distance is 15 mm and the path segment length 3.5 mm, the quotient

is not an integer value (4.28). In this case, the SPP value is reduced down to the next possible

integer quotient. The result in this example would be a path segment length of 3 mm.

Number of SPN path segments

SPN defines the number of path segments to be generated from the total traversing distance.

The length of the segments is calculated automatically. Since SPN is non-modal, punching or

nibbling must be activated beforehand with PON or SON respectively.

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Punching and nibbling

16.2 Automatic path segmentation

16.2.2

Path segmentation for single axes

If single axes are defined as punching/nibbling axes in addition to path axes, then the automatic

path segmentation function can be activated for them.

Behavior of the single axis for SPP

The programmed path segment length (SPP) basically refers to the path axes. Therefore, in a

block in which in addition to the single-axis movement and the SPP value no path axis has

been programmed, then the SPP value is ignored.

If both individual and path axes are programmed in the block, then the behavior of the single

axis depends on the setting of the appropriate machine data.

1. Default setting

The path traversed by the single axis is distributed evenly among the intermediate blocks

generated by SPP.

Example:

N10 G1 SON X10 A0

N20 SPP=3 X25 A100

As a result of the stroke distance of 3 mm, for the total traversing distance of the X axis (path

axis) of 15 mm, 5 blocks are generated.

The A axis thus rotates through 20 degrees in every block.

1. Single axis without path segmentation

The single axis traverses its complete distance in the first of the generated blocks.

2. Different path segmentation

The behavior of the single axis is dependent on the interpolation of the path axes:

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Additional functions

18

18.1

Axis functions (AXNAME, AX, SPI, AXTOSPI, ISAXIS, AXSTRING,

MODAXVAL)

"AXNAME" is used, e.g. to generate cycles that are generally valid, if the names of the axes

are not known.

"AX" is used to indirectly program geometry and synchronous axes. The axis identifier is saved

in a type AXIS variable or is supplied from a command such as "AXNAME" or "SPI".

"SPI" is used if axis functions are programmed for a spindle, e.g. a synchronous spindle.

"AXTOSPI" is used to convert an axis identifier into a spindle index (inverse function to "SPI").

"AXSTRING" is used to convert an axis identifier (data type AXIS) into a string (inverse function

to "AXNAME").

"ISAXIS" is used in universal cycles in order to ensure that a specific geometry axis exists and

thus that any following $P_AXNX call is not aborted with an error message.

"MODAXVAL" is used in order to determine the modulo position for modulo rotary axes.

Syntax

AXNAME("string")

AX[AXNAME("string")]

SPI(n)

AXTOSPI(A) or AXTOSPI(B) or AXTOSPI(C)

AXSTRING( SPI(n) )

ISAXIS(<geometry axis number>)

<Modulo position>=MODAXVAL(<axis>,<axis position>)

Meaning

AXNAME:

Converts an input string into axis identifiers; the input string must contain a valid

axis name.

AX:

Variable axis identifier

SPI:

Converts the spindle number into an axis identifier; the transfer parameter must

contain a valid spindle number.

n:

Spindle number

AXTOSPI:

Converts an axis identifier into an integer spindle index. "AXTOSPI" corresponds

to the inverse function to "SPI".

X, Y, Z:

Axis identifier of AXIS type as variable or constant

AXSTRING:

The string is output with the associated spindle number.

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Additional functions

18.1 Axis functions (AXNAME, AX, SPI, AXTOSPI, ISAXIS, AXSTRING, MODAXVAL)

ISAXIS:

Checks whether the specified geometry axis exists.

MODAXVAL:

For modulo rotary axes, determines the modulo position; this corresponds to

the modulo rest referred to the parameterized modulo range (in the default set-

ting, this is 0 to 360 degrees; the start and size of the modulo range can be

changed using MD30340 MODULO_RANGE_START and MD30330

$MA_MODULO_RANGE).

Note

SPI extensions

The axis function SPI(n) can also be used to read and write frame components. This means

that frames can be written, e.g. with the syntax $P_PFRAME[SPI(1),TR]=2.22.

An axis can be traversed by additionally programming axis positions using the address

AX[SPI(1)]=<axis position>. The prerequisite is that the spindle is either in the

positioning or axis mode.

Examples

Example 1: AXNAME, AX, ISAXIS

Program code

Comment

OVRA[AXNAME("Transverse axis")]=10

; Override for transverse axis

AX[AXNAME("Transverse axis")]=50.2

; End position for transverse axis

OVRA[SPI(1)]=70

; Override for spindle 1

AX[SPI(1)]=180

; End position for spindle 1

IF ISAXIS(1) == FALSE GOTOF CONTINUE

; Abscissa available?

AX[$P_AXN1]=100

; Move abscissa

CONTINUE:

Example 2: AXSTRING

When programming with AXSTRING[SPI(n)], the axis index of the axis, which is assigned to

the spindle, is no longer output as spindle number, but instead the string "Sn" is output.

Program code

Comment

AXSTRING[SPI(2)]

; String "S2" is output.

Example 3: MODAXVAL

The modulo position of modulo rotary axis A is to be determined.

Axis position 372.55 is the starting value for the calculation.

The parameterized modulo range is 0 to 360 degrees:

MD30340 MODULO_RANGE_START = 0

MD30330 $MA_MODULO_RANGE = 360

Program code

Comment

R10=MODAXVAL(A,372.55)

; Calculated modulo position R10 = 12.55.

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