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SINUMERIK 840D sl. Training. Operate - Turning (2016-2020) - page 13

© Siemens AG 2017

Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Multi-channel display

In the machine operating area, the M key can be used to select either single-channel or multi-channel display. In the multi-channel

display, only channel information is displayed; the channel can be operated or influenced in the single-channel display. Focus switch-

ing, scroll bars and window selection can be operated in the multi-channel display, but it is not possible to change the CNC channel

data. The same windows are always displayed together in all channels.

The softkeys for switching the windows, therefore, always affect all the channels that are on display. In the multi-channel display, the

axis actual values are displayed in the top window and the selection menus (T/F/S values, program blocks) in the bottom window,

depending on which of the softkeys is activated.

Multiple clamping of identical/different workpieces

Several identical workpieces can be clamped onto the machine table. With the multiple clamping function, an entire program is gen-

erated from the graphic program of the relevant single machining operation. The machining steps are sorted in this program so that

the number of tool changes (and thus idle times) is reduced to a minimum.

This function allows identical and different workpieces to be finished on multiple vises or gripping yokes in a time-saving process.

G_NC02_XX_00381

 ShopTurn/ShopMill

Multiple feedrates in one block

Depending on external digital and/or analog CNC inputs, this function can be used for motion-synchronous activation of up to 6

different feedrates, a dwell time, and a retraction in a single CNC block. The input signals are combined in an input byte with a

permanently assigned function. The retraction is initiated by an amount defined in advance within an IPO cycle. Retraction movement

or dwell time (e.g. sparking-out time during grinding) lead to deletion of the distance-to-go.

Typical applications involve analog or digital calipers or a change from infeed feedrate to machining feedrate via proximity switches.

During internal grinding of a ball bearing ring, for instance, in which calipers are used to measure the actual diameter, the feedrate

value required for roughing, finishing or smooth-finishing can be activated depending on threshold values.

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Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Operator panel management

The SINUMERIK Thin Client Unit TCU for distributed installation allows the spatial separation of SINUMERIK OP/TP operator panel

fronts and SINUMERIK PCUs, as well as the connection of up to 4 operator panel fronts to a PCU with one TCU each. To this end,

the user interface of a PCU 50.5 is copied to several OPs/TPs with one TCU each.

Benefits:

• Low-vibration installation of the PCU in the control cabinet

• Effective operation of larger machines using up to 5 identical operator panels

• Signal transmission between PCU and operator panel front via Industrial Ethernet

• Operation at the active operator panel with the option to enable the passive operator panel on request

• Mixed operation of operator panel fronts on a TCU or with an integrated TCU and an operator panel front directly connected to the

PCU possible

• Distance between PCU and operator panel fronts of up to 100 m (max. distance between two network nodes).

NCU

PCU

CNC SW

SINUMERIK Operate

Operator panel management

2/4 TCUs with interlocking of simultaneous operation using the Veto mode and PLC

✔

✔

(4 T : 1 M)

(2/4)

(4)

TCU suppression with more than 2/4 TCUs (n T : 1 M)

✔

✔

External HMIs (n M : n N)

-

✔

(1 M: 4 N)

One external HMI which can be switched over via several NCUs (1 M : n N)

-

✔

(4 N)

One internal and one external HMI connected simultaneously to one NCU

✔

✔

TM

TM

Display

Down-zoom

-

-

Dynamic resolution switchover

✔

✔

Activate/deactivate MCP

MCP PROFIBUS

-

-

MCP IE (IE mode)

✔

✔

MCP PN (PN mode)

-

-

One or several TCUs, which can be switched over via several NCUs and PCUs (1 T : n M)

Using 2-key operation

✔

✔

Using the channel menu

✔

✔

Options for multi-user operation (n T : M : N)

T = Number of TCUs

M = Number of HMIs

N = Number of NCUs

✔ = Possible

- = Not possible

Optimized friction compensation

Option; order code S06

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AS06-0YB0

This option is designed to achieve optimum friction compensation. The required setting parameters are calculated automatically by

a cycle.

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Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Oscillation functions

Option; order code M34

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM34-0YB0

With this function, an axis oscillates at the programmed feedrate between 2 reversal points. A possible application is a grinding

machine.

Asynchronous oscillation across block boundaries

Several reciprocating axes may be active. During reciprocating movement, other axes can interpolate at will. The reciprocating axis

can be the input axis for the dynamic transformation or the guide axis for gantry or coupled-motion axes.

Block-related oscillation

• Oscillation with infeed in both or only in the left or right reversal point. Infeed is possible along a programmable path prior to the

reversal point.

• Sparking-out strokes after oscillation are possible.

Behavior of the reciprocating axis in the reversal point:

• A change of direction is initiated

- Without reaching the exact stop limit (soft reversal)

- After reaching the programmed position or

- After reaching the programmed position and expiration of the dwell time

• The following manipulations are possible:

- Cancelation of the reciprocating movement and infeed by deletion of distance-to-go

- Modification of the reversal points via CNC program, PLC, handwheel or direction keys

- Manipulation of the reciprocating axis feedrate via CNC program, PLC or override

- Control of the reciprocating movement via the PLC

The spindles can also perform reciprocating movement.

E

E

E

A

A

A

Oscillating

Oscillation with

Oscillation with infeed

motion with

infeed in the

in the left reversal

continuous infeed

reversal points

point and distance

specification

A Starting point of the block

E End point of the block

G_NC01_EN_00117

Oscillation functions

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Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Pair of synchronous axes (gantry axes)

Option; order code M02

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM02-0YB0

The gantry axes function can be used to traverse the axes of up to 3 pairs of mechanically-coupled axes simultaneously without

mechanical offset. The actual values are continuously compared and even the smallest deviations corrected.

During both operation and programming, the axes defined in a gantry grouping are treated like machine axes.

A gantry grouping consists of a guide axis and up to 2 synchronous axes. 2 guide axes can be coupled using curve table inter-

polation.

Y

Z

X

X1

G_NC01_XX_00112

Gantry axes (pair of synchronous axes X/X1)

Path length evaluation

Option; order code M53

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM53-0YB0

With path length evaluation, data in the CNC can be buffered so that conclusions can be drawn with respect to the maintenance state

of the machine.

In the first stage, the following data are acquired:

• Total travel path for each axis

• Total travel time for each axis

• Number of traversing actions per axis (stop - traverse - stop)

• Total sum of jerks per axis

This data is stored in the SRAM and is not affected by power on/off. As a consequence, using an external service, consistent data

can be achieved for the complete life cycle of a machine. This data can also be read through system variables in the part program

and in synchronized actions.

 Synchronized actions

Path velocity-dependent analog output (laser power control)

Option; order code M37

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM37-0YB0

Using the path-velocity-dependent analog output, the actual path velocity can be output in the interpolation cycle via a

SIMATIC DP ET 200 analog module. The function is programmed via synchronized actions.

One application is laser power control.

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Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

PLC axes

PLC axes/spindles (PLC drives) are controlled by the PLC. No license is required for these axes/spindles in the CNC. NCK drives

are controlled by the NCK. A license is required for these axes/spindles/positioning axes/auxiliary spindles in the CNC.

 Axis/spindle

 Simulation axis/spindle

 Positioning axis/auxiliary spindle

 Virtual axis

 Internal/external drives

PLC status

The user can check and modify PLC status signals in the Diagnostics operating area via the operator panel. This can be done locally

without a programming device:

• Check the input and output signals from the PLC's I/Os

• Carry out limited troubleshooting

• Check the NCK/PLC and PCU/PLC interface signals for diagnostic purposes

The status of the following data items can be displayed separately on the operator panel:

• Interface signals from/to the machine control panel

• NCK/PLC and PCU/PLC interface signals

• Data blocks, bit memories, timers, counters, inputs and outputs

The status of the above signals can be changed for tests. Signal combinations are also possible, and up to 10 addresses can be

modified simultaneously.

PLC user memory

In the PLC user memory of the PLC CPU, the PLC user program and the user data are stored together with the PLC basic program.

The memory of the PLC CPU is segmented according to load memory, work memory and system memory.

Load memory is retentive, and takes the form of either integrated RAM or a RAM module (plug-in memory card). It contains data and

program and decompiling information. The load memory and the high-speed work memory for execution-relevant program tests

provide sufficient space for user programs.

PLC user memory, expanded

Option; order codes D11 ... D18

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AD10-0YB0

The PLC user memory can be expanded by 128 KB in each case with this option.

Polar coordinates

By programming in polar coordinates, it is possible to define positions with reference to a defined center point by specifying the

radius and angle. The center point can be defined by an absolute dimension or incremental dimension.

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Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Polynomial interpolation

Option; order code M18

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM18-0YB0

Curves can be interpolated using polynomial interpolation, whereby the CNC axes follow the function:

f(p) = a₀ + a₁p + a₂p² + a₃p³ + a₄p⁴ + a₅p⁵ (max. 5th degree polynomial)

Coefficient a₀ is the end point of the previous block, a₁ is calculated as the end point of the current block, a₂, a₃, a₄ and a₅ must be

calculated externally and then programmed. With polynomial interpolation, it is possible to generate many different curve character-

istics, such as straight line, parabolic and exponential functions.

Polynomial interpolation primarily serves as an interface for programming externally generated spline curves. 5th degree polynomials

can be optimally used if the coefficients are obtained directly from a CAD/CAM system (closer to the surface).

A prerequisite for efficient utilization of this polynomial interpolation is, therefore, a corresponding CAD/CAM system. Tool radius

compensation can be used as in linear and circular interpolation.

Example:

Y

N9 X0 Y0 G90

F100

N10 POLY PO[Y] = 2 PO[X] = (4.025) PL = 4

2

1

0

1

2

3

4

P

X

4

3

2

1

0

1

2

3

4

P

Y

3

(PL)

2

1

0

1

2

3

4

X

G_NC01_en_00118

Polynomial interpolation

Position monitoring

SINUMERIK CNCs provide extensive monitoring mechanisms for axis monitoring:

• Motion monitoring functions:

Contour monitoring, position monitoring, standstill monitoring, clamping monitoring, speed setpoint monitoring, actual speed

monitoring, encoder monitoring

• Static limit monitoring:

Limit switch monitoring, working area limitation

Position monitoring is always activated after termination of motion blocks according to the setpoint. To ensure that an axis is in

position within a specified period of time, the timer configured in the machine data is started when a traversing block terminates;

when the timer expires, a check is made to ascertain whether the following error fell below the limit value (machine data).

When the specified fine exact stop limit has been reached or following output of a new position setpoint other than zero (e.g. after

positioning to coarse exact stop and subsequent block change), position monitoring is deactivated and replaced by standstill

monitoring. Position monitoring is effective for linear and rotary axes as well as for position-controlled spindles. Position monitoring

is not active in the follow-up mode.

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Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Programmable acceleration

With the programmable acceleration function, it is possible to modify the axis acceleration in the program in order to limit mechanical

vibration levels in critical program sections. The path or positioning axis is then accelerated at the programmed value. The

acceleration value set in the machine data can be exceeded by up to 100 %.

This limitation is active in the Automatic mode and in all interpolation modes. As part of intelligent motion control, this function

provides a more precise workpiece surface.

Programming language

The CNC programming language is based on DIN 66025. The new functions of the CNC high-level language also contain macro

definitions (combination of individual instructions).

Programming package

 Program screens, operating areas and user interfaces, Create MyHMI /3GL

programSYNC

Option; order code P05

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AP05-0YB0

The programs are split into individual machining steps (blocks) in the dual editor which are then filled with G code or ShopTurn cycles.

They provide the basis for multi-channel programming. These program sections can be expanded and collapsed, providing a

program structure which is clearly organized.

The programSYNC function is an additional special feature: The individual blocks of the channels are time-synchronized by so-called

wait markers. The programSYNC function synchronizes the machining steps with one another and an automatic time evaluation

function enables the user to optimize the multi-channel program in the dual editor. In this way it is possible to transfer individual

machining steps to other channels where required in order to create a time-optimized program.

Dual editor

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Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Protection areas 2D/3D

Protection areas can be used to protect various elements on the machine and its equipment, as well as the workpiece to be created,

against incorrect movements.

Some of the elements that can be protected are, for example:

• Fixed machine components and built-on accessories (tool magazines, swiveling probes)

• Moving parts belonging to the tool (tool carriers)

• Moving parts belonging to the workpiece (mounting tables, clamps, spindle chucks, tailstocks)

For the elements to be protected, 2D or 3D protection areas are defined in the part program or via system variables. These protection

areas can be activated and deactivated in the part program. Protection areas must always be divided into workpiece-related and

tool-related areas. During machining in JOG, MDI or AUTO CNC operating mode, a check is always made to see whether the tool or

its protection areas violate the protection areas of the workpiece.

Monitoring of the protection areas is channel-based, that is, all active protection areas for a channel are mutually monitored for

collisions (protection areas not channel-specific with NCU system software for 2/6 axes). A maximum of ten protection areas and

10 contour elements are available for describing a protection area.

+Y

Tool-related

protection

Tool-related

area

protection area

-B

+X

Workpiece-related

protection area

G_NC01_EN_00123

Protection areas

Punching/nibbling

Option; order code M33

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM33-0YB0

The punching/nibbling functions are implemented essentially via the language commands, stroke control and automatic path

segmentation.

• Language commands

The punching/nibbling functions are activated and deactivated using simple, clear high-level language elements such as PON,

SON, PONS, PDELAYON, and so on.

• Stroke control

CNC and punch are synchronized with one another via the high-speed signals that are input and output via the drive bus in the

CNC's position control cycle, making it possible to attain high velocities and maximum precision.

• Automatic path segmentation

You can choose whether you want the CNC to break down the machining path automatically by stroke length SPP or stroke rate

SPN. With SPP, the travel path is broken down into programmable segments of identical size (modal effect). SPN breaks the travel

path down into a programmable number of path sections (non-modal effect).

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Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Quadrant error compensation

Quadrant error compensation (friction compensation) ensures a much higher degree of contour precision, particularly when

machining circular contours. At the quadrant transitions, one axis traverses at the maximum path velocity while the second axis is

stationary. The different friction conditions can cause contour errors.

Quadrant error compensation virtually eliminates this problem and produces excellent results, without contour errors, in the very first

machining operation. For operator-controlled quadrant error compensation, the intensity of the compensation pulse is set according

to an acceleration-based characteristic. This characteristic is determined and parameterized when commissioning with the aid of

the circularity test.

During the circularity test, deviations of the actual position from the programmed radius (particularly at the quadrant transitions) are

recorded by measurement and graphically represented while the circular contour is being traversed.

Axis: X

Axis: Y

Axis: Y

Axis: X

Actual position

Actual position

G_NC01_en_00119

G_NC01_en_00120

Quadrant transitions without compensation

Quadrant transitions with quadrant error compensation

 Optimized friction compensation

Quickview for mold-making programs

The high-speed 3D representation of part programs (G1 blocks) gives the user greater confidence in handling mold-making

programs. The Quick Viewer for mold-making CNC blocks can be selected in the part program editor.

Quickview

 Quickview for mold making programs

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Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Residual material detection and machining for contour pockets and stock removal

Option; order code P13

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AP13-0YB0

Contour ranges that cannot be machined with large tools are automatically recognized by the cycle for contour pockets or the stock

removal cycle. The operator can rework these regions using a smaller tool.

Contour turning offers:

• Contour/axis-parallel cutting with residual material detection

• Contour cutting with residual material detection

• Plunge-turning with residual material detection

Contour milling offers:

• Contour spigot with residual material detection

• Contour pocket with residual material detection

• Machining, e.g. in the steps: centering, predrilling, rough machining and rough machining residual material, smoothing,

edge/base, chamfering

Rotary axis, turning endlessly

Depending on the application, the working area of a rotary axis can be limited using software limit switches (e.g. working area

between 0° and 60°), to a corresponding number of rotations (e.g. 1000°) - or it can be unlimited (endlessly turning in both directions).

This function can also be used with absolute encoders.

Run MyVNCK

With VNCK we are offering a virtual NC kernel which is implemented at the machine level with the machine OEM directly or in a

CAM system. This offers machine OEMs the flexibility they need to implement customized machine applications.

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Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Sag compensation, multi-dimensional

Option; order code M55

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM55-0YB0

Multidimensional compensation is also possible for the effects of physical influences and manufacturing tolerances such as sag or

leadscrew pitch errors. The compensation tables can be switched over from the PLC. When the reference axis and the compensating

axis are identical, leadscrew pitch errors can be compensated. By transferring weighting factors (PLC interface), stored compen-

sating characteristics can be adapted to different conditions, e.g. tools.

The most important features of interpolation and compensation using tables are as follows:

• Independent error characteristics can be defined, in number twice the maximum number of axes

• Freely selectable compensating positions, the number of which is configurable

(dependent on the configuration of CNC user memory)

• Interpolating inclusion of the compensation values

• Weighting factor for compensation of tool weights

• Reference axis and compensating axis are selectable

The tolerance band that can be corrected is 10 mm (0.39) for standard versions.

Z

-Y

Z

-Y

X

G_NC01_XX_00108

Sag compensation

Restricted functionality of export versions:

The correctable tolerance band is restricted to 1 mm (0.039 in).

Scalable analog setpoint, Run MyCC /SANS

Option; order code N48

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN48-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /SANS implements isochronous switchover of analysis of an analog setpoint in the position

controller via a high-speed digital output of the NCU. This function has been developed for the operation of spindles supplied by

Fischer.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

Not possible.

Scratching, determining work offset

A work offset can also be determined through scratching, taking into consideration an (active) tool and, where applicable, the base

offset, by moving the axis to the workpiece and entering the desired setpoint position (e.g. 0); the CNC then calculates the work

offset.

Screen blanking

When screen blanking is activated, both the screen and backlighting of the operator panel go blank under PLC control or after a

programmable period of time has elapsed. This increases the service life of the screens.

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Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Security

 Industrial Security

Separate path feed for corners and chamfers

To optimize solutions for machining tasks, a separate path feed can be programmed with FRCM (modal) or FRC (non-modal) for the

corner and chamfer contour elements. Feed reduction thus makes it possible to achieve the desired geometrically precise definition

of corners and chamfers.

Set actual value

The Set actual value function is provided as an alternative to the Preset function: To use this function, the control must be in the work-

piece coordinate system (WCS). With set actual value, the workpiece coordinate system is set to a defined actual coordinate and the

resulting offset between the previous and a newly entered actual value computed in the WCS as 1st basic offset. The reference points

remain unchanged.

Setpoint exchange

Option; order code M05

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM05-0YB0

Setpoint exchange is used on milling machines with special milling heads on which, for example, the spindle motor is used both for

driving the tool and for orientation of the milling head. In this case, the spindle and the milling head axes are defined as independent

axes in the CNC, but are powered by the same motor one after the other.

It is possible to connect up to 4 axes to one motor. The axes, between which the setpoint is switched, can be assigned to different

channels or mode groups.

ShopTurn/ShopMill

Option; order code P17

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AP17-0YB0

The ShopTurn/ShopMill option includes the functions:

• Multiple clamping of identical/different workpieces

• Manual machine

Machining step programming

Processes such as drilling, centering, plunging or pocket milling are represented as machining steps in a simple and clear manner.

In this way part programs - even for complex machining operations - are very compact and easily read. Associated sequences are

automatically interlinked and can be assigned any position patterns. This unique programming convenience allows you to achieve

the shortest programming times even for highly demanding machining tasks.

ShopMill: Machining step programming

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Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Simulation SINUMERIK Operate

Simulation is supported by an autonomous program interpreter (SNCK) and a separate simulation data environment in

SINUMERIK Operate. The SNCK considers the entire syntax of the SINUMERIK CNC family, including the possibility of incorporating

special user options on the machine by comparing data with the NCK environment.

The simulation data can be matched statically as required with the NCK environment (initialization data, macros, user data, tool data,

machining cycles) or also dynamically when tool data or machining cycles are changed. Machining simulations, with emphasis on

the drilling, milling and turning technologies, can be performed in the workpiece coordinate system for certain machine kinematics

on the user interface of the CNC.

Simulation of the finished part is performed with the real CNC data. The CNC data are automatically matched at each change of the

part program.

• The simulation allows a dynamic representation of the machining operation, even when 5-axis transformation TRAORI is active and

with swiveled planes.

• Simulation of up to 4 machining channels for turning machines with B axis

• Turning on milling machines

• Simulation of a machining channel for conventional milling machines

• Simulation of up to 12 axes

• Intelligent determination of the block times and the program execution time.

• Very fast graphical representation through continuous refinement of the workpiece

• Optimum resolution for each selected display section

• Any section can be selected

• While one workpiece is being machined, the machining of another workpiece can be simulated in parallel (from NCU 720.x and

higher)

The simulation can be extended to 3D representation by means of the 3D simulation 1 (finished part) option. This extension also

applies to the simultaneous recording.

Turning/drilling simulation

Milling simulation

Notes:

• Very fast simulation result, but consequently low dynamic resolution

• Fine recording is too slow for complex displays/fine recording fails to run for very complex parts

• Quickview for mold-making part programs

• Simulation of special kinematics not available when compile cycles are used

• Blank CAD data cannot be imported, e.g. for castings

• Couplings cannot be simulated

- Coupled motion: TRAILON(<following axis>, <leading axis>, <coupling factor>)

- Axial master-value coupling: LEADON(Faxis, LAxis, curve table n) actual value and setpoint coupling

- Electronic gear: EGDEF(FA, LA1, coupl.1, LA2, coupl.2, .. LA5, coupl.5), EGON, EGONSYN, EGONSYNE

• Reference point approach G74 is not operative during simulation

• The following is not supported:

- Axis container

- Dependencies on part programs and PLC

- Multiple clamping

- CNC function synchronized actions for safe programmable logic (SPL) in the CNC

• Different technologies in different channels with different axis coordinate systems are not fully supported.

• Threads with variable pitch are shown with a constant pitch.

 3D simulation 1 (finished part)

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SINUMERIK 840D sl

Synchronous spindles, multi-edge turning

Precise angular synchronization between one leading and one or more following spindles enables on-the-fly workpiece transfer,

particularly for turning machines, from spindle 1 to spindle 2, for example for the purpose of finishing, without experiencing the

non-productive times normally associated with rechucking.

In addition to the speed synchronism, the relative angular position of the spindles to one another, e.g. on-the-fly, position-oriented

transfer of skewed workpieces, is also specifiable.

On-the-fly transfer:

• n₁ = n₂

• Angle 1 = angle 2 or

• Angle 2 = angle 1 + angle 

Finally, specification of an integer speed ratio between the main spindle and a tool spindle provides the prerequisites for multi-edge

machining (polygon turning).

Multi-edge turning:

n₂ = T × n₁

Configuring and selection take place either via the CNC program or operator panel. Several pairs of synchronous spindles can be

implemented.

Counter-spindle

On-the-fly-transfer

n₁

n₂

Spindle 1

Spindle 2

Multi-edge turning

n₂

n₁

G_NC01_en_00124

Examples for synchronous spindles/multi-edge turning

 Generic coupling

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SINUMERIK 840D sl

Tangential control

Option; order code M06

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM06-0YB0

Tangential control makes it possible to correct a rotary axis in the direction of the tangents of two path axes. The two guide axes and

the corrected axis lie in the same channel. Tangential control is effective in all interpolation modes.

Applications:

• Tangential setting of a rotatable tool during punching/nibbling

• Correction of the workpiece alignment for a belt saw

• Setting of a dressing tool on a grinding wheel

• Tangential feed of a wire for 5-axis welding

• Setting a cutting wheel for cutting glass or paper

On punching and nibbling machines with a rotatable punching tool and associated lower tool, the following functions may be used

to ensure that the tool can be no universally used:

• Tangential control

TANGON/TANGOF for vertical rotary axis alignment of the punching tools to the direction vector of the programmed path

• Coupled motion

TRAILON/TRAILOF for synchronous rotation of upper and lower tools (stamp and die)

Rotatable

tool axis

Stamp

Die

C

Stamp

C1

G_NC01_en_00125

Representation of a rotatable tool axis and die during punching/nibbling

Tapping with/without compensating chuck

 Spindle functions

Technological functions with compressor, Run MyCC /COTE

Option; order code N50

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN50-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /COTE is a special function and has not been approved for general use.

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Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Technology cycles

For frequently repeated machining tasks, technology cycles are available for the drilling/milling and turning technologies. Technology

cycles are generally applicable technology subprograms, with which specific machining processes can be implemented, such as

tapping a thread or milling a pocket.

The cycles are adapted to a concrete machining task using parameters. The parameterization can also be implemented using

graphically supported input screens.

• Drilling technology:

Drilling/centering, drilling/counterboring, deep-hole drilling, tapping with and without compensating chuck, boring 1 ... 5, row of

holes, circle of holes, grid of holes, machining on inclined surfaces

• Milling technology:

Thread milling, elongated holes in a circle, grooves in a circle, circumferential groove, rectangular/circular pocket, face milling,

path milling, rectangular/circular spigot, machining on inclined surfaces, high-speed settings for optimized HSC machining,

engraving cycle

• Turning technology:

Groove, undercut, cutting with relief cut, thread undercut, thread cutting, chaining of threads, thread recutting

Example: Swiveling

Example: Milling the circular pocket

Temperature compensation

Heat causes machine parts to expand. This expansion depends, among other things, on the temperature and on the thermal con-

ductivity of the machine parts. The actual positions of the individual axes, which change on the basis of variations in temperature,

have a negative effect on the precision with which workpieces are machined. These actual value changes can be corrected using

temperature compensation.

At a specific temperature, measure the actual-value offset over the positioning range of the axis to obtain the error curve for this

temperature value. Error curves for different temperatures can be defined for each axis. In order to ensure proper compensation of

thermal expansion at all times, the temperature compensation value, reference position and gradient (angle) parameters must be

transferred from the PLC to the CNC via function blocks each time the temperature changes. Abrupt changes in these parameters

are automatically smoothed by the CNC in order to prevent machine overload and avoid unnecessarily triggering monitoring

functions.

Thread cutting

 Spindle functions

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Tool carrier with orientation capability

For machine tools which have tool carriers with settable tool orientation, these kinematics can be freely configured without a 5-axis

transformation when the SINUMERIK CNC is used.

The tool carrier with orientation capability function enables 2½D/3D machining with fixed spatial orientation of the tool/

workpiece table. Vectors l1 to l4 represent the geometrical dimensions of the machine. The rotary axes need not move in parallel to

the Cartesian axes, but instead can be inclined at any angle (e.g. cardan milling head with 45° inclination). The angles 1 and 2

can be either specified or computed from the active frame and assigned to the tool carrier with orientation capability or to the

workpiece table.

The following kinematics can be configured flexibly:

• Rotatable tool: type T (tool)

• Rotatable tool/rotatable workpiece table: type M (mixed)

• Rotatable workpiece table: type P (part)

Tool carrier

1^st rotary axis

reference point

a1

I1

1^st rotary axis

Tool carrier

α1

reference point

I1

I2

Resulting tool

I2

vector

Tool length and tool

2^nd rotary axis

wear

I3

α2

Machine reference

point

Tool length and

Resulting tool

tool wear

vector

2^nd rotary axis

I3

α2

I4

Workpiece table

reference point

G_NC01_EN_00133

G_NC01_EN_00134

Kinematics type T

Kinematics type M

Resulting tool

vector

Workpiece table

reference point

2^nd rotary axis

α2

1^st rotary axis

I4

α1

I3

I2

Machine reference

point

G_NC01_EN_00135

Kinematics type P

Tool change via T number

In chain, rotary-plate and box magazines, a tool change normally takes place in 2 stages:

A T command locates the tool in the magazine, and an M command inserts it in the spindle.

In circular magazines on turning machines, the T command carries out the entire tool change, that is, locates and inserts the tool.

The tool change mode can be set using machine data.

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Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Tool offsets

You can select the tool by programming a T function (5-digit integer number or identifier) in the block. Every tool can be assigned

up to 12 cutting edges (D addresses). The number of tools to be managed in the CNC is set when configuring.

A tool offset block comprises 25 parameters, e.g.:

• Tool type

• Up to 3 tool length offset values

• Radius compensation

• Wear dimension for length and radius

• Tool base dimension

The wear and the tool base dimension are added to the corresponding offset. When writing the program, you do not have to take tool

dimensions such as cutter diameter, cutter position or tool length into account. You program the workpiece dimensions directly,

following the production drawing, for example.

When a workpiece is machined, the tool paths, depending on the relevant tool geometry, are controlled so that the programmed

contour can be produced with every tool used. The tool data are entered separately in the tool table of the CNC, and only the required

tool with its offset data is called in the program. During program execution, the CNC retrieves the required offset data from the tool

files and automatically corrects the tool path for various tools.

Tool offset D always has a reference to tool number T when Siemens tool management is active, e.g. with monitoring functions and

management of sister tools.

Up to 32000 D values can be defined per CNC. When programming, D numbers can be freely assigned, checked, renamed,

determined with the associated T number, invalidated and activated on a site-dependent basis.

F

L2

F

F

L3

L1

L1

L1

Radius

Radius

G_NC01_en_00100

Tool offsets

Tool offsets, grinding-specific

Grinding-specific tool offsets are available for grinding technology:

• Minimum wheel radius

• Maximum speed

• Maximum surface speed

When cutting edges are created for grinding tools (tool type 400 to 499), these are stored automatically for the tool in question.

Tool type

400

Surface grinding wheel

401

Surface grinding wheel with monitoring

403

Surface grinding wheel with monitoring and without tool base dimensions for grinding wheel surface speed

410

Facing wheel

411

Facing wheel with monitoring

413

Facing wheel with monitoring and without tool base dimensions for grinding wheel surface speed

490 ... 499

Dresser

The TMON command activates geometry and speed monitoring for grinding tools, types 400 to 499 in the CNC part program.

Monitoring remains active until deactivated in the part program with TMOF. The actual wheel radius and the actual wheel width are

monitored.

The speed setpoint is monitored cyclically in relation to the speed limit value, taking into consideration the spindle override. The

speed limit value is the smaller of the values resulting from comparison of the maximum speed with the speed computed from the

maximum grinding wheel surface speed and the current wheel radius.

 Grinding wheel surface speed

90

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Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Tool orientation interpolation

Interpolations of tool orientations supplement generic transformation. The tool orientation can be programmed in a plane as large

circle interpolation ORIVECT, on the outside surface of a taper in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction

ORICONCW/ORICONCCW, or even with free definition of the tool curve orientation ORICURVE.

 Transformation, generic

Tool radius compensation

When tool radius compensation is active, the CNC automatically calculates the equidistant tool paths for different tools. To do so, it

requires the tool number T, the tool offset number D (with cutting edge number), the machining direction G41/G42, and the relevant

working plane G17 to G19. The path is corrected in the programmed level depending on the selected tool radius.

The approach and retract paths can be adapted to the required contour profile or unmachined part (blank) forms, for example:

• NORM

The tool travels in a straight line directly to the contour and is positioned perpendicular to the path tangent at the starting point.

• KONT

If the starting point is behind the contour, the corner point P1 of the contour is bypassed. If the starting point is in front of the contour,

the normal position at the starting point P1 is approached in the same way as with NORM.

In the part program it is also possible to select the strategy with which the outside corners of the contour are to be bypassed:

• Transition radii: Circle or ellipse

• Intersection of equidistant paths

You can implement various strategies spatially or in the plane to achieve soft approach to/retraction from the contour, i.e. tangential

approach and retraction irrespective of the position of the starting point:

• Approach and retraction from left or right

• Approach and retraction along a straight line

• Approach and retraction along a quadrant or semicircle

The CNC can also automatically insert a circle or a straight line in the block with the tool radius compensation when no intersection

with the previous block is possible. The offset process of tool radius compensation may only be interrupted by a certain number of

successive blocks or M commands containing no motion commands or positional data in the compensating plane. The number of

successive blocks or M commands can be set using machine data (standard 3, max. 5).

P

R

0

Equidistant

Transition circle

Transition

Behind

G42

ellipse

contour

P

P*

R

1

In front

Transition circle

of contour

R = Tool radius

G_NC01_en_00132

G_NC01_en_00102

KONT for selection behind the contour

Bypassing the outside corners with transition circle/transition ellipse

3D tool radius compensation

Option; order code M48

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM48-0YB0

Inclined surfaces can be machined with tool radius compensation in 3D representation or tool offset in space. This function supports

circumferential milling and face milling with a defined path. The inclined tool clamping position on the machine can be entered and

compensated.

The CNC automatically computes the resulting positions and movements. The radius of a cylindrical milling cutter at the tool insertion

point is included in the calculation. The insertion depth of a cylindrical milling cutter can be programmed. The milling cutter can be

rotated not only in the X, Y and Z planes, but also around the lead or camber angle and the side angle.

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Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Tool types

The tool type determines the geometry specifications required for the tool offset memory, and how they are to be used. Entries are

made for the relevant tool type in tool parameter DP. The CNC combines these individual components to produce a result variable,

e.g. total length, total radius.

The relevant overall dimension goes into effect when the offset memory is activated. The use of these values in the axes is determined

by the tool type and current machining plane G17, G18 or G19.

Tool types, parameterizable

Group 1xy

Milling tools

From spherical head cutters to bevel cutters

Group 2xy

Drills

From twist drills to reamers

Group 4xy

Grinding tools

From surface grinding wheels to dressers

Group 5xy

Turning tools

From roughing tools to threading tools

Group 700

Slotting saw

Wood technology

Group 900

Special tools

Input screen forms can be used to save all of the tool offsets.

Turning tool

e.g. G18:

Z/X plane

F - Tool holder

reference point

b

X

L2

F

R S

P

k

d

R - Radius of the cutting

edge (tool radius)

S - Location of the cutting

edge center point

L1

Length 2 (Z)

Tool holder

(reference point)

Tool tip P

(cutting edge 1 = Dn)

d/2 → L1

b/2 → L2

Z

G_NC01_en_00101

G_NC01_en_00136

Geometry of turning tool

Geometry of slotting saw

Tooltips

Tooltips are provided as a simple user help in all screens - also displayed in red when input errors are made.

Top Surface

Option; order code S17

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AS17-0YB0

The function Top Surface with its innovated Compressor COMPSURF assures improved workpiece surfaces. Top Surface copes sig-

nificantly better with demanding CAD/CAM programs. The workpiece surfaces are perfect, especially for part programs with inho-

mogeneous distribution of points, with oblique milling finishing programs and bidirectional milling.

Top Surface provides further benefits both for the programmer and the machine operator: Preset standard values for contour and

orientation tolerance, which are valid for nearly all NC programs, ensure independence from the tolerance settings used in

CAD/CAM, which is often not known in production.

Transformation, generic

Generic transformation is used to define any tool orientation in space with the initial state of the axes, and not just according to the

Z direction. The transformation can then be used much more flexibly and universally. It is then also possible to control machine

kinematics by the CNC, where the orientation of the rotary axes is not precisely in parallel to the linear axes.

Generic 5-axis transformation is an extension of the 3-axis and/or 4-axis transformation, i.e. it can also be used for machines with

only one rotary axis, e.g. rotatable tool or workpiece.

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Transformation: Additional function 6th axis, Run MyCC /TR-6A

Option; order code M66

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM66-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /TR-6A is a specific function and is not intended for general use.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

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Transformation: Double Generic, Run MyCC /DGEN

Option; order code N34

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN34-0YB0

With the SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /DGEN double generic transformation it is possible to couple two 5-axis kinematics for a

machining task.

The axes of both 5-axis machines must be programmed in one channel. Programming coupled 5-axis kinematics is subject to certain

restrictions that do not apply to normal 5-axis programming. The application is used in 5-axis milling operations on thin structures

(e.g. outer shells of aircraft) that require simultaneous movement of 5-axis kinematics as a counter-support immediately beneath the

tool center point.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

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Transformation: Double slide, Run MyCC /SKID

Option; order code M80

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM80-0YB0

The purpose of the SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /SKID transformation is to traverse a platform that can move in the Z and X

directions using two slides that can move only in the X direction. The platform that supports the spindle is mechanically coupled to

the two X slides using slideways arranged at an oblique angle.

The specific function SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /SKID is not intended for general use.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

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Transformation: DOUBLETRANSMIT, Run MyCC /2TRA

Option; order code M25

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM25-0YB0

The SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /2TRA DOUBLETRANSMIT transformation supports machining on the end face or cylinder

surface of a workpiece in a lathe with a driven milling tool that is always held vertically with respect to the contour by means of an

appropriate swivel movement and compensation movement in X.

Transformation: DOUBLETRANSMIT Run MyCC /2TRA

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Transformation: Dynamic swivel TRIPOD, Run MyCC /DSTT

Option; order code M84

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM84-0YB0

The kinematic transformation Dynamic Swivel TRIPOD SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /DSTT is a 5- or 6-axis transformation with

serial-parallel kinematics. It therefore allows an axially symmetrical tool (milling cutter, laser beam) to be oriented to the workpiece in

the machining space. The restriction to axially symmetrical tools no longer applies with 6 axes. The transformation is programmed in

the Cartesian coordinate system including orientation via TRAORI. The machining programs are therefore independent of the special

kinematics.

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Functions and terms

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Transformation: Eccentric, Run MyCC /ECCE

Option; order code N41

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN41-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /ECCE transformation eccentric uses an eccentric gear to convert the rotation of an axis into a one-

dimensional linear slide motion. The motion component perpendicular to the direction of the moving slide is absorbed by a journal

bearing.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

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Transformation: Eccentric axis, Run MyCC /ECCA

Option; order code N44

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN44-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /ECCA supplies adjustments to the position controller that are needed for the high-precision

dynamic traversal of a rotary axis which is driven eccentrically by linear motion (threaded rod) in the range < 180 degrees.

Eccentric axis kinematics ECCA

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Transformation: GRINDING, Run MyCC /GRIN

Option; order code N40

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN40-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /GRIN is a specific function and is not intended for general use.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

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Transformation: Handling, Run MyCC /RCTRA

Option; order code M31

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM31-0YB0

The handling transformation SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /RCTRA contains the so-called standard transformation block, with

whose help typical 2-axis to 4-axis handling devices such as gantries or Scara kinematics can be implemented. This coordinate

transformation converts programmed Cartesian setpoints (e.g. X, Y, Z, A) into axis positions (e.g. A1 to A4) for the handling device.

Thanks to this coordinate transformation, it becomes significantly easier and more convenient to move the handling device. The

handling device can be set up, that is, manually traversed not only in the axis-specific coordinate system, but also in the Cartesian

coordinate system, using, for example, the jog keys on the handheld programming unit. Adaptation of the respective kinematics is

carried out via machine data.

The function Run MyCC /ROBX is available for applications with more than 4 axes.

A1

A2

A3

Z

Axis-spec.

Forward

Cartesian

actual values

trans-

actual values

A1 to A4

formation

X, Y, Z, A

A

A4

Y

Axis-spec.

Reverse

Cartesian

setpoint values

trans-

setpoint values

A1 to A4

formation

X, Y, Z, A

X

G_NC01_EN_00126

Transformation: Handling

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Transformation: HEXAPOD, Run MyCC /HEX

Option; order code M71

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM71-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /HEX is a 6-axis transformation with parallel kinematics. The tool platform is moved in all 6 spatial

degrees of freedom.

Two versions of the transformation are available:

• 6 variable-length, parallel struts, or

• 6 linear guides, which move the base points of 6 articulated rods.

It therefore allows a tool (e.g. milling cutter, laser beam) to be oriented to the workpiece in the machining space. The path and path

velocity are programmed in the same way as for 3-axis systems. The tool orientation is programmed additionally in the traversing

blocks. The transformation SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /HEX calculates the resulting motion of all 6 axes. The generated

machining programs are therefore not machine-specific. CNC functions such as tool radius and tool length compensation, and the

selection of coordinate systems, are available without any restriction.

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SINUMERIK 840D sl

Transformation: Machining with virtual Y axis, Run MyCC /MAVY

Option; order code N56

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN56-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /MAVY transformation machining with virtual Y axis allows users to perform milling and drilling

operations on a lathe. This transformation replaces the missing Y axis of a lathe so that milling and drilling operations can be

performed on the peripheral surface of turned parts. The user can use a Cartesian coordinate system, machining operations are

performed in the X-Y plane (G17).

Restricted functionality of export versions:

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Transformation: Pantograph kinematics, Run MyCC /SCIS

Option; order code M51

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM51-0YB0

The SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /SCIS transformation Pantograph kinematics is a type of 2/4-axis transformation with parallel

kinematics. The transformation can work with variable-length rods, or with movable base points of fixed-length rods.

The SINUMERIK CNC calculates the required motion of the machine axes online. Therefore, the programmer can create part

programs in the same way as on a conventional machine, and does not have to take the special kinematics of the machine into

account. Workpieces can be programmed in the usual way in Cartesian coordinates.

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Transformation: PARACOP 3 axes, Run MyCC /PACO

Option; order code M44

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM44-0YB0

PARACOP kinematic transformations and pantograph kinematics are used on parallel-kinematics machines PKM. Parallel kinematics

means that the drive forces engage on the spindle head (Stewart platform) simultaneously (in parallel). PARACOP machines are

tripod systems on which the Stewart platform is moved by 3 actuators. Design measures are used to ensure that the Stewart platform

cannot move in an undefined manner on these tripod types.

On PARACOP machines, 2 parallel rods run on a slide for each actuator. These machines are suitable for 3-axis machining. When

using kinematic transformations, workpieces can be programmed in Cartesian coordinates as usual. The SINUMERIK CNC calcu-

lates the required motion of the machine axes online. Therefore, the programmer can create part programs in the same way as on a

conventional machine, and does not have to take the special kinematics of the machine into account.

PARACOP

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 Transformation: Pantograph kinematics, Run MyCC /SCIS

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Transformation: Rotating workpiece and tool, Run MyCC /2RPT

Option; order code N43

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN43-0YB0

The SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /2RPT transformation rotating workpiece and tool is a special 3-axis transformation. The path

and path velocity are programmed in the same way as for 3-axis systems. The SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /2RPT transformation

calculates the resultant motion of the 3 machine axes. The generated machining programs are therefore not machine-specific.

With these kinematics, the tool is swiveled by a rotary axis (C1) that rotates precisely about the Z direction of the basic coordinate

system. The workpiece is turned by the second rotary axis (C2) which travels in parallel to the first.

At the zero position of the first rotary axis, the toolholder is positioned exactly above the center of rotation of the second rotary axis.

The tool unit also has a serially arranged Z axis (Z1).

The basic coordinate system is at the center of rotation of the second rotary axis.

Length L1 describes the distance between the two rotary axes.

The X coordinate of the basic coordinate system points towards the first rotary axis.

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Transformation: SCARA, 2/3 axes, Run MyCC /SCRA

Option; order code M68

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM68-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /SCRA is a customized transformation. SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /RCTRA represents a

general solution.

 Transformation: Handling, Run MyCC /RCTRA

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Transformation: Swivel axis, Run MyCC /PIVA

Option; order code N52

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN52-0YB0

The SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /PIVA transformation swivel axis allows the user to program in a Cartesian coordinate system

with X, Y and Z axes, while at the machine, axes X1 and Z1 plus a rotary axis AY are moved. The rotary axis moves a rotatable arm

with driven tools about the X axis in the Y-Z plane. The tools are always positioned in parallel to the X axis.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

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Transformation: Swivel by 2 linear axes, Run MyCC /SW2A

Option; order code N45

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN45-0YB0

Transformation: Swivel by 2 linear axes SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /SW2A is a customized transformation. The general solution

is SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /PACO.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

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 Transformation: PARACOP 3 axes, Run MyCC /PACO

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SINUMERIK 840D sl

Transformation: TRICEPT 5-axis transformation, Run MyCC /TRIC

Option; order code M46

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM46-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /TRIC is a kinematic transformation for a TRICEPT (tripod with center tube). TRICEPT kinematic

transformations are used on parallel-kinematic machines PKM. Parallel kinematics means that the drive forces engage on the spindle

head (Stewart platform) simultaneously (virtually in parallel). TRICEPT machines are TRIPOD systems on which the Stewart platform

is moved by 3 actuators. Design measures are used to ensure that the Stewart platform cannot move in an undefined manner. On

TRICEPT, an additional passive telescope (center tube) is used.

On TRICEPT, 2 additional rotary axes are required to define the tool orientation in space. These axes can be arranged like the fork

head of a 5-axis machine, for example, thus allowing the machine to carry out 5-axis machining.

The SINUMERIK CNC calculates the required motion of the machine axes online. Therefore, the programmer can create part pro-

grams in the same way as on a conventional machine, and does not have to take the special kinematics of the machine into account.

TRICEPT

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Transformation: TRIPOD hybrid kinematics, Run MyCC /THYK

Option; order code N36

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN36-0YB0

The kinematic transformation TRIPOD hybrid kinematics THYK is a 5-axis transformation for 3 parallel linear axes and 2 rotary axes.

The tool movements are programmed complete with their orientation in the same manner as the Cartesian 5-axis machine.

The real-time transformation calculates the necessary paths and speeds for the real machine axes.

Parallel kinematic type Exechon

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Transformation: W-Z Tracking, Run MyCC /WZTR

Option; order code N22

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN22-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /WZTR is a specific function and is not intended for general use.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

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TRANSMIT/cylinder surface transformation

Option; order code M27

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM27-0YB0

The TRANSMIT function is used for milling external contours on turned parts, e.g. square parts - linear axis with rotary axis. As a

result, the programming process becomes much more simple, and complete machining increases machine efficiency: Turning and

milling can be performed on one machine without rechucking.

3D interpolation with 2 linear axes and one rotary axis is possible. The two linear axes are mutually perpendicular and the rotary axis

lies at right angles to one of the linear axes. TRANSMIT can be called up in different channels simultaneously. The function can be

selected and deselected with a preparatory function (straight line, helix, polynomial and activating tool radius compensation) in the

part program or MDI.

With TRANSMIT, the area of the transformation pole is reached when the tool center can be positioned at least to the turning center

of the rotary axis entering the transformation.

TRANSMIT through the pole is implemented in different ways:

• When traveling through the pole, the rotary axis is turned automatically through 180° when the turning center is reached and the

remaining block is then executed.

• When traversing close by the pole, the CNC automatically reduces the feedrate and the path acceleration.

• If the path contains a corner in the pole, the position jump in the rotary axis is compensated by the control through automatic block

insertion.

Cylinder surface transformation is used on turning machines and milling machines, and enables cylinder surface machining, e.g. for

turned parts. The cylinder surface transformation or TRACYL cylinder surface transformation can be used to manufacture grooves

of any shape on the surface of cylindrical bodies with or without groove side offset. The shape of the grooves is programmed in

reference to the unwound plane cylinder surface.

Y

X

Y'

C

Too

Pole

l

(center)

X'

X

Y

Workpiece

C

Rotary table

Z

G_NC01_XX_00127

G_NC01_en_00128

Face machining with TRANSMIT

Tool-center-point path through the pole

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Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Travel to fixed stop

With this function, tailstocks or sleeves, for example, can be traversed to a fixed stop in order to clamp workpieces. The pressure

applied can be defined in the part program.

Several axes can be traversed to a fixed stop simultaneously and while other axes are traversing.

Travel to fixed stop with Force Control

Option; order code M01

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AM01-0YB0

The extended travel to fixed stop function can be used to adapt torque or force on a modal or non-modal basis; travel with limited

torque/limited force (force control, FOC) can be initiated, or synchronized actions can be used at any time to program traversing

functions.

Actual position after

"travel to fixed stop"

Fixed stop

monitoring

windows

Program end position

Start

position

Traversing range

The range of values for the traversing ranges depends on the selected computational resolution. When the default value is specified

in the machine data field "Computational resolution for linear or angular position" (1000 increments per mm or degree), the ranges of

values specified in the table can be programmed with this resolution:

G70 [inches, degrees]

G71 [inches, degrees]

Linear axes X, Y, Z,

± 399999,999

± 999999,999

Rotary axes A, B, C, ...

± 999999,999

± 999999,999

Interpolation parameters I, J, K

± 399999,999

± 999999,999

If the computational resolution is increased/decreased by a factor of 10, then the value ranges change accordingly. The traversing

range can be restricted by software limit switches and working areas.

102

Siemens NC 62 · 2017

© Siemens AG 2017

Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Variable-based axis movement, Run MyCC /AMOV

Option; order code N62

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN62-0YB0

SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /AMOV is a specific function and is not intended for general use.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

Not possible

Variables and arithmetic parameters

Using variables instead of constant values allows flexible programs to be developed. Variables make it possible to respond to

signals, e.g. measured values. If variables are used as a setpoint value, the same program can be used for different geometries.

The CNC uses 3 sorts of variables:

• User-defined variables

Variables defined by the user with name and type, e.g. arithmetic parameters

• Arithmetic parameters

Special, predefined arithmetic variables whose address is R plus a number. The predefined arithmetic variables are of the

REAL type

• System variables

Variables provided by the CNC that can be processed in the program (write, read). System variables enable access to work offsets,

tool offsets, actual values, measured axis values, CNC conditions, etc.

Variable type

Meaning

Value range

INT

Integers with sign

±(2³¹ - 1)

REAL

Real numbers (fractions with decimal point,

±(10^-300 ... 10⁺³⁰⁰)

LONG REAL in acc. with IEEE)

BOOL

Boolean values: TRUE (1) and FALSE (0)

1.0

CHAR

ASCII character specified by the code

0 ... 255

STRING

Character string, number of characters in [...],

Sequence of values with 0 ... 255

maximum of 200 characters

AXIS

Axis names (axis addresses) only

All axis identifiers in the channel

FRAME

Geometrical parameters for moving, rotation, scaling, and mirroring

Velocity

The maximum path and axis velocity and spindle speed are affected by the machine and drive dynamic response and the limit

frequency of actual-value acquisition (encoder limit frequency and limit frequency of the input circuit). The resulting velocity from the

programmed path lengths in the CNC block and IPO cycle is always limited to the maximum velocity or, in the case of short path

lengths, reduced to the velocity that can be travelled during one IPO cycle.

The minimum velocity must not go below 10^-3 units/IPO cycle. The minimum and maximum axis velocities are dependent on the

selected computational resolution. The maximum velocity of the axis is generally limited by the mechanics or by the limit frequency

of the encoder or actual-value acquisition.

The velocity value range is not limited by the CNC (max. 300 m/s).

Velocity adaptation for water jet cutting, Run MyCC /VADA

Option; order code N05

Article No.: 6FC5800-0AN05-0YB0

Velocity adaptation for water jet cutting SINUMERIK Integrate Run MyCC /VADA

For 2D water jet cutting applications, it is possible to reduce the path velocity at corners and along circular contours as a function of

the corner angle or circle radius. NC commands in the part program activate and deactivate the function and parameterize the

velocity reduction.

Restricted functionality of export versions:

Not possible.

Siemens NC 62 · 2017

105

© Siemens AG 2017

Glossary

Functions and terms

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Work offsets

According to DIN 66217, clockwise, rectangular (Cartesian) coordinate systems are used in machine tools.

The following coordinate systems are defined:

• Machine coordinate system MCS

The machine coordinate system is made up of all physically available machine axes.

• Basic coordinate system BCS

The basic coordinate system consists of 3 Cartesian axes (geometry axes), as well as other non-geometric axes (special axes).

• BCS and MCS are always in conformance when the BCS can be mapped to the MCS without kinematic transformation (e.g.

TRANSMIT/interfacial transformation, 5-axis transformation and max. 3 machine axes).

• Basic zero system BZS

DRF offsets, external work offsets and basic frames map the BCS on the BZS.

• Settable zero system SZS

An activated settable work offset G54 to G599 transfers the BZS to the SZS.

• Workpiece coordinate system (WCS)

The programmable frame determines the WCS, which is the basis for programming.

Work offsets are therefore used to transform the machine zero point into the workpiece zero point in order to simplify programming.

The following work offsets are possible:

• Settable work offsets:

It is possible to enter up to 100 work offsets (G54 to G57, G505 to G599), offset coordinates, angles and scaling factors in order

to call zero points program-wide for various fixtures or clamping operations, for example. The work offsets can be suppressed

block-by-block.

• Programmable work offsets:

Work offsets can be programmed with TRANS (substitution function, basis G54 to G599) or ATRANS (additive function). This allows

you, for example, to work with different work offsets for repetitive machining operations at different positions on the workpiece.

G58/G59 make previously programmed work offsets axially replaceable.

• External work offsets:

Axis-related linear work offsets can also be activated via the PLC user software (function blocks) with assignment of system

variable $AA_ETRANS [axis].

Y

MCS

Y

BCS

Y

BZS

Y

SZS

Y

WCS

X

WCS

WCS Current

Programmable FRAMEs

X

SZS

SZS

G54 ... G599 settable FRAMEs

X

BZS

BZS

Basic offset (basic frame)

DRF offset, external work offset

X

BCS

BCS

Kinematic transformation

X

MCS

MCS

Axial preset offset

G_NC01_EN_00115

Coordinate system

 Frame concept

Working area limitation

Working area limitations define the area in which machining is permitted. These limitations refer to the basic coordinate system BCS.

The tool tip is monitored to determine whether it is inside the protected working area (taking into account the tool radius).

One value pair per axis (±) may be used to describe the protected working area. The upper and lower working area limits, which can

be set and activated via setting data, may be modified using the G25/G26 commands.

Working area limitations restrict the traversing range of the axes in addition to the limit switches. Protection areas in which tool motion

is inhibited and which protect equipment such as tool turrets, measuring stations, etc., against damage, are thus set up in the

machine's working area.

 Work offsets

Siemens NC 62 · 2017

107

Preface_______________

1

Introduction__________

2

System overview_______

3

SINUMERIK

SINUMERIK Operate

4

mode (JOG)

SINUMERIK 828D

5

SINUMERIK 840D sl

Tool management______

SINUMERIK Operate - Milling

6

Data memory_________

________________

7

Control system overview

Data transfer

for machine tools' sales people

CNC operation in automatic__

8

mode (AUTO)

________________

9

CNC functions

________________

10

Tool and mold making

________________

11

CNC programming methods

________________

12

Workpiece visualization

________________

13

CNC technology cycles

________________

14

Complete machining

SINUMERIK Integrate Run__

15

MyRobot

________________

16

Tools and information

________________

17

Safety functions

Summary of unique selling __

18

points

Valid for:

Controls

SINUMERIK 828D / SINUMERIK 840D sl

Software

CNC software version 4.7

2017

A5E41992599B AA

System overview

2

2.1

SINUMERIK 828D

Alongside three high-performance CNC variants of SINUMERIK 828D, SINUMERIK 828D

BASIC is a low-cost starter model in the compact class. SINUMERIK 828 therefore fits the

performance requirements of standard machine concepts perfectly.

x Panel-based compact CNC

x Technologies: Turning, milling, G-Tech

x Up to 10 axes/spindles and 2 help axes

x Up to 2 machining channels

x

10.4" color display / 15.6" touch display

x SIMATIC S7-200 PLC-based

You can find further information in catalog NC 82

Benefits

Ⴠ Maximum robustness and low maintenance

Ⴠ Reliable CNC, even in a harsh environment

Ⴠ Improved efficiency thanks to state-of-the-art operating technologies and functions

Ⴠ Scalable solutions thanks to tailored hardware and software for the compact class

SINUMERIK Operate - Milling

Control system overview for machine tools' sales people, 2017, A5E41992599B AA

11

System overview

2.1 SINUMERIK 828D

SINUMERIK 828D BASIC PPU 24x.3

The SINUMERIK 828D BASIC is an operator-panel CNC that combines all the components

of a CNC in a single unit:

Ⴠ CNC, PLC, HMI

Ⴠ

10.4" TFT color display

Ⴠ Full CNC keyboard

Ⴠ

1 machining channel

Ⴠ Closed-loop control for up to 5 axes/spindles

SINUMERIK 828D BASIC PPU 240.3, vertical

SINUMERIK Operate - Milling

12

Control system overview for machine tools' sales people, 2017, A5E41992599B AA

System overview

2.1 SINUMERIK 828D

SINUMERIK 828D PPU 28x.3

The SINUMERIK 828D PPU 28x.3 is an operator-panel CNC that combines all the

components of a CNC in a single unit:

Ⴠ CNC, PLC, HMI

Ⴠ

10.4" TFT color display

Ⴠ Full CNC keyboard

Ⴠ

1 machining channel

Ⴠ Closed-loop control for up to 6 axes/spindles

Note: Deployment with SW26 or SW28

SINUMERIK 828D PPU 280.3, vertical

SINUMERIK Operate - Milling

Control system overview for machine tools' sales people, 2017, A5E41992599B AA

13

System overview

2.1 SINUMERIK 828D

SINUMERIK 828D ADVANCED PPU 290.3

The SINUMERIK 828D ADVANCED PPU 290.3 is an operator-panel CNC that combines all

the components of a CNC in a single unit:

Ⴠ CNC, PLC, HMI

Ⴠ

15.6" multitouch display in 16:9 format

Ⴠ Full CNC keyboard

Ⴠ Up to 2 machining channels

Ⴠ Closed-loop control for up to 8 axes/spindles, depending on the deployed software

Note: Deployment with SW26, SW28 or SW28A

SINUMERIK 828D PPU 290.3, vertical

SINUMERIK Operate - Milling

14

Control system overview for machine tools' sales people, 2017, A5E41992599B AA

System overview

2.1 SINUMERIK 828D

2.1.1

Handheld unit

Mini handheld unit

You can install the mini handheld unit pictured below in setup mode.

SINUMERIK Operate - Milling

Control system overview for machine tools' sales people, 2017, A5E41992599B AA

15

System overview

2.2 SINUMERIK 840D sl

2.2

SINUMERIK 840D sl

SINUMERIK 840D sl is an open CNC for modular premium machine concepts. With

powerful, innovative system functions, the SINUMERIK 840D sl opens up a boundless range

of technologies. SINUMERIK 840D sl is leading the way in exploiting global machining

trends; this makes it the preferred CNC in the industries of the future.

x Drive-based modular CNC

x Multi-technology CNC

x Up to 93 axes/spindles

x Up to 30 machining channels

x Modular panel concept up to 19" color

display

x SIMATIC S7-300 PLC

You can find further information in catalog NC 62

Benefits

Ⴠ Increased productivity of the machines thanks to faster controls and innovative machine

concepts

Ⴠ Improved efficiency for operation thanks to state-of-the-art operating technologies and

functions

Ⴠ Improved quality by perfectly adapting the control to the machine behavior

Ⴠ Simplified engineering thanks to additional system support for configuring, testing and

optimizing

Ⴠ Future-oriented expanded functionality for digitalization and integration in Industry 4.0

automation concepts

SINUMERIK Operate - Milling

16

Control system overview for machine tools' sales people, 2017, A5E41992599B AA

System overview

2.2 SINUMERIK 840D sl

2.2.1

Panels

SINUMERIK OP 08T

x Operator panel 191 mm wide,

7.5" TFT display

(resolution 640 × 480 pixels)

x Integrated 75-key CNC keyboard (layout

as for the SINUMERIK full CNC keyboard)

x With USB interface at the front

x Version with membrane keys

SINUMERIK OP 010

x Operator panel 483 mm wide,

10.4" TFT display

(resolution 640 × 480 pixels)

x Integrated CNC keyboard

x With USB interface for a memory stick at

the front

x Version with membrane keys

x Separate machine control panel

SINUMERIK OP 010S

x Operator panel 310 mm wide,

10.4" TFT display

(resolution 640 × 480 pixels)

x Mechanical keys

x With USB interface for a memory stick at

the front

x Separate CNC keyboard and machine

control panel

SINUMERIK Operate - Milling

Control system overview for machine tools' sales people, 2017, A5E41992599B AA

17

System overview

2.2 SINUMERIK 840D sl

OP 010C

x Operator panel 483 mm wide,

10.4" TFT display

(resolution 640 × 480 pixels)

x Integrated CNC keyboard

x With USB interface for a memory stick at

the front

x Version with mechanical keys

x Separate machine control panel

OP 012

x Operator panel 483 mm wide,

12" TFT display

(resolution 800 × 600 pixels)

x Membrane keys

x Integrated mouse

x Touchpad

x With USB interface for a memory stick at

the front

SINUMERIK OP 015A

x Operator panel 380 mm wide,

15" TFT display

(resolution 1024 × 768 pixels)

x Version with membrane keyboard with 62

keys

x With USB interface at the front

x Integrated mouse

SINUMERIK Operate - Milling

18

Control system overview for machine tools' sales people, 2017, A5E41992599B AA

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