Content      ..     93      94      95      96     ..

SINUMERIK 840D sl. Service - Functions. Manual (2018-2020) - page 95

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

Meaning

TOOLENV(...):

Predefined function to save a tool environment

Alone in the

Yes

block:

<Status>:

Function return value. Negative values indicate error states.

Data type:

INT

Value:

0

Function OK

-1

No memory reserved for tool environments:

MD18116 $MN_MM_NUM_TOOL_ENV = 0

This means that the "tool environments" functionality is not

available.

-2

No more free memory locations for tool environments available.

-3

Null string illegal as name of a tool environment.

-4

No parameter (<name>) specified.

Parameters

1

<name>:

Name, under which the current data set should be saved.

If a data set of the same name already exists, then it is overwritten. In this case, the

status is "0".

Data type:

STRING

Further information

Base dimension/adapter dimension - tool length compensation

When the tool magazine management is active (only available with the "Tool management"

option!), the value of the following machine data defines whether the adapter length or the tool

base dimension (cutting edge-specific parameters $TC_DP21, $TC_DP22 and $TC_DP23) is

incorporated in the calculation of the tool length:

MD18104 $MN_MM_NUM_TOOL_ADAPTER (tool adapter in TO area).

Since a change to this machine data only takes effect after the control system has powered up,

it is not saved in the tool environment.

Resulting length of toolholders with orientation capability and transformations:

Note

Both toolholders with orientation capability and transformations can use system variables or

machine data, which act as additional tool length components, and which can be subjected

partially or completely to the rotations performed. The resulting additional tool length

components must also be saved when TOOLENV is called, because they represent part of the

environment, in which the tool is used.

Adapter transformation

The adapter transformation is a property of the tool adapter and thus of the complete tool. It is,

therefore, not part of a tool environment, which can be applied to another tool.

Tools

208

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

By saving the complete data necessary to determine the overall tool length, it is possible to

calculate the effective length of the tool at a later point in time, even if the tool is no longer active

or if the conditions of the environment (e.g. G codes or setting data) have changed. Similarly, the

effective length of a different tool can be calculated assuming that it would be used under the

same conditions as the tool, for which the status was saved.

Maximum number of data sets for tool environments

Machine data MD18116 $MN_MM_NUM_TOOL_ENV is used to define the maximum number of

data sets that can be saved to describe the tool environments. The data are in the TOA area. They

are kept even when the control system is switched off.

Data cannot be backed up. This means that this data cannot be transferred between the

different control systems.

3.16.2

Delete tool environment (DELTOOLENV)

The DELTOOLENV function is used to delete the data sets that are used to describe tool

environments. Deletion means that the set of data stored under a particular name can no longer

be accessed (an access attempt triggers an alarm).

Note

Data sets can only be deleted using the DELTOOLENV function, by an INITIAL.INI download or by

a cold start (NC power up with default machine data). There are no additional automatic

deletion operations.

Syntax

<Status> = DELTOOLENV(<name>)

<Status> = DELTOOLENV()

Meaning

DELTOOLENV(...):

Predefined function to delete a tool environment

Alone in the

Yes

block:

<Status>:

Function return value. Negative values indicate error states.

Data type:

INT

Value:

0

Function OK

-1

No memory reserved for tool environments:

MD18116 $MN_MM_NUM_TOOL_ENV = 0

This means that the "tool environments" functionality is not

available.

-2

A tool environment with the specified name does not exist.

Parameters

1

<name>:

Name of data set to be deleted

Data type:

STRING

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

209

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

DELTOOLENV():

DELTOOLENV() deletes data sets describing tool environments without speci-

fying a name

3.16.3

Read T, D and DL number (GETTENV)

The GETTENV function is used to read the T, D and DL numbers stored in a tool environment.

Syntax

<Status> = GETTENV(<name>, <TDDL>)

Meaning

GETTENV(...):

Predefined function to read T, D and DL numbers in a data set to describe a tool

environment

Alone in the

Yes

block:

<Status>:

Function return value. Negative values indicate error states.

Data type:

INT

Value:

0

Function OK

-1

No memory reserved for tool environments:

MD18116 $MN_MM_NUM_TOOL_ENV = 0

This means that the "tool environments" functionality is not

available.

-2

A tool environment with the specified name does not exist.

Parameters

1

<name>:

Name of the data set from which the T, D and DL numbers are to be read

Data type:

STRING

2

<TDDL>:

The field of this result parameter contains the T, D and DL numbers of the tool,

whose tool environment is saved in the specified data set:

• <TDDL> [0]: T number

• <TDDL> [1]: D number

• <TDDL> [2]: DL number

Data type:

INT[3]

GETTENV(,<TDDL>),

When calling function GETTENV, it is permissible to omit the first param-

GETTENV("",<TDDL>):

eter - or to transfer the null string as first parameter. In these two special

cases, in <TDDL>, the T, D and DL numbers of theactive tool are returned.

Tools

210

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

3.16.4

Read information about the saved tool environments ($P_TOOLENVN,

($P_TOOLENV)

Information regarding the saved tool environments can be read using the following system

variables:

$P_TOOLENVN:

Supplies the number of data sets (which have still not been deleted) - defined using

TOOLENV - to describe tool environments

Syntax:

<n> = $P_TOOLENVN

Meaning:

<n>:

Number of defined data sets

Data type:

INT

Value range:

0 ... MD18116

$MN_MM_NUM_TOOL_ENV

This system variable can be accessed even if no tool environments are possible

(MD18116 = 0). In this case, the return value is "0".

$P_TOOLENV:

Supplies the name of the <i>th data set to describe a tool environment

Syntax:

<Name> = $P_TOOLENV[<i>]

Meaning:

<name>:

Name of the data set with number <i>

Data type:

STRING

<i>:

Number of the data set

Data type:

INT

Value range:

1 ... $P_TOOLENVN

The assignment of numbers to data sets is not fixed, but can be changed as a result

of deleting or creating data sets. The data sets are numbered internally.

If <i> refers to a data set that has not been defined, then the null string is returned.

If index <i> is not valid, i.e. <i> is less than 1 or higher than that the maximum

number of data sets for tool environments (MD18116 $MN_MM_NUM_TOOLENV),

then the following alarm is output:

Alarm 17020 "inadmissible array index 1"

3.16.5

Read tool lengths and/or tool length components (GETTCOR)

The GETTCOR function is used to read out tool lengths or tool length components.

The parameters can be used to specify which components are considered and the conditions

under which the tool is used.

Syntax

<Status> = GETTCOR(<Len>[, <Comp>, <Stat>, <T>, <D>, <DL>])

Meaning

GETTCOR(...):

Predefined function to read tool lengths or to read tool length components

Alone in the

Yes

block:

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

211

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

<Status>:

Function return value. Negative values indicate error states.

Data type:

INT

Value:

0

Function OK

-1

No memory reserved for tool environments:

MD18116 $MN_MM_NUM_TOOL_ENV = 0

This means that the "tool environments" functionality is not

available.

-2

A tool environment with the name specified under <Stat> does

not exist.

-3

Invalid string in parameter <Comp>.

Causes of this error can be invalid characters or characters pro-

grammed twice.

-4

Invalid T number

-5

Invalid D number

-6

Invalid DL number

-7

Attempt to access a non-existent memory module.

-8

Attempt to access a non-existent option (programmable tool ori-

entation, tool management).

-9

The <Comp> string contains a colon (identifier for the specifica-

tion of a coordinate system), but it is not followed by a valid

character denoting the coordinate system.

Parameters

1

<Len>:

Result vector

Data type:

REAL[11]

The vector components are arranged in the following order:

• <Len> [0]: Tool type

• <Len> [1]: Cutting edge position

• <Len> [2]: Abscissa

• <Len> [3]: Ordinate

• <Len> [4]: Applicate

• <Len> [5]: Tool radius

The coordinate system defined in <Comp> and <Stat> is used as the reference

coordinate system for the length components. If a coordinate system is not defined

in <Comp>, then tool lengths are displayed in the machine coordinate system.

The assignment of the abscissa, ordinate and applicate to the geometry axes de-

pends on the active plane used in the tool environment. This means, for G17, the

abscissa is parallel to X, with G18 it is parallel to Z, etc.

Components <Len>[6] to <Len>[10] contain the additional parameters, which can

be used to specify the geometry description of a tool (e.g. $TC_DP7 to $TC_DP11 for

the geometry and the corresponding components for wear or sum and setup off-

sets).

These 5 additional elements and the tool radius are only defined for components E,

G, S, and W. Their evaluation does not depend on <Stat>. The corresponding values

in <Len>[6] to <Len>[10] can thus only be not equal to zero if at least one of the four

specified components is involved in the tool length calculation. The remaining

components do not influence the result. The dimensions refer to the control's basic

system (inch or metric).

Tools

212

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

2

<Comp>:

Tool length components (optional)

Data type:

STRING

The character string consists of two substrings, which are separated from one an-

other by a colon.

General form: "<SubStr_1> [: <SubStr_2]"

<SubStr_1>:

The first substring designates the tool length components to be

taken into account when calculating the tool length.

The order of the characters in the substrings, and their notation

(upper or lower case), is arbitrary. Any number of blanks or white

spaces can be inserted between the characters.

Note:

It is not permissible that the characters in the substring are

programmed twice.

Charac-

-

Minus symbol (only allowed as first character)

ters:

The complete tool length is calculated, minus

the components specified in the next string.

C

Adapter or tool base dimension (whichever of

the two alternative components is active for the

tool in use)

E

Setup offsets

G

Geometry

K

Kinematic transformation (is only evaluated for

generic 3, 4 and 5-axis transformation)

S

Summed offsets

T

Toolholder with orientation capability

W

Wear

If the first substring is empty (except for white spaces), the com-

plete tool length is calculated allowing for all components. This

applies even if the <Comp> parameter is not specified.

<Substr_2>:

The optional second substring identifies the coordinate system,

in which the tool length is to be output.

The second substring only comprises one single relevant char-

acter.

Charac-

A

Adjustable coordinate system (ACS)

ters:

B

Basic coordinate system (BCS)

K

Tool coordinate system of kinematic transfor-

mation (KCS)

M

Machine coordinate system (MCS)

T

Tool coordinate system (TCS)

W

Workpiece coordinate system (WCS)

If no coordinate system is specified, the evaluation is performed

in the MCS (machine coordinate system). If any rotations are to

be taken into account, they are specified in the tool environment

defined in <Stat>.

3

<_Stat>:

Name of the data set for describing a tool environment (optional)

Data type:

STRING

If the value of this parameter is the null string (""), or is not specified, then the

current status is used. The current tool is used if a tool is not specified.

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

213

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

4

<T>:

Internal T number of the tool (optional).

Data type:

INT

If this parameter is not specified or if its value is "0", then the tool stored in <Stat>

is used.

If the value of this parameter is "-1", then the T number of the active tool is used. It

is also possible to explicitly specify the number of the active tool.

Note:

If <Stat> is not specified, the actual status is used as the tool environment. Since <T>

= 0 refers to the T number saved in the tool environment, the active tool is used in

this environment, i.e. parameters <T> = 0 and <T> = -1 have the same meaning in

this special case.

5

<D>:

Cutting edge of the tool (optional).

Data type:

INT

If this parameter is not specified, or if its value is "0", then the D number used is

based on the source of the T number. If the T number from the tool environment is

used, then the D number of the tool environment is also read, otherwise the D

number of the currently active tool is read.

6

<DL>:

Number of the offset dependent on the location (optional).

Data type:

INT

If this parameter is not specified, then the DL number used is based on the source

of the T number. If the T number from the tool environment is used, then the D

number of the tool environment is also read, otherwise the D number of the cur-

rently active tool is read.

Examples

GETTCOR(_LEN)

Calculates the tool length of the currently active

tool in the machine coordinate system allowing for

all components.

GETTCOR(_LEN,"CGW:W")

Calculates the tool length for the active tool, con-

sisting of the adapter or tool base dimension, ge-

ometry and wear. Further components, such as

toolholder with orientation capability or kinematic

transformation, are not considered. Output in the

workpiece coordinate system.

GETTCOR (_LEN,"-K:B")

Calculates the complete tool length of the active

tool without allowing for the length components of

a possibly active kinematic transformation. Output

in the basic coordinate system.

GETTCOR (_LEN,":M","Testenv1",,3)

Calculates the complete tool length in the machine

coordinate system for the tool stored in the tool

environment named "Testenv1". However, the cal-

culation is performed for cutting edge number D3,

regardless of the cutting edge number stored.

Tools

214

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

Additional information

Adapter transformation/toolholder with orientation capability/kinematic transformation

Any rotations and component exchanges initiated by the adapter transformation, toolholder

with orientation capability and kinematic transformation, are part of the tool environment. They

are thus always performed, even if the corresponding length component is not supposed to be

included. If this is undesirable, tool environments must be defined, in which the corresponding

transformations are not active. In many cases (i.e. any time a transformation or toolholder with

orientation capability is not used on a machine), the data sets stored for the tool environments

automatically fulfill these conditions, with the result that the user does not need to make special

provision.

Turning and grinding tools: Calculating the tool length depending on MD20360

$MC_TOOL_PARAMETER_DEF_MASK

The following machine data defines how the wear and tool length are to be evaluated if a

diameter axis is used for turning and grinding tools.

MD20360 $MC_TOOL_PARAMETER_DEF_MASK (definition of tool parameters).

Bit

Value

0

For turning and grinding tools, the wear parameter of the transverse axis is taken into account

as the diameter value:

= 0 (default)

No

= 1

Yes

1

For turning and grinding tools, the tool length component of the transverse axis is taken into

account as the diameter value:

= 0 (default)

No

= 1

Yes

If the bits involved are set, the associated entry is weighted with a factor of 0.5. This weighting is

reflected in the tool length returned by GETTCOR.

Example:

MD20360 $MC_TOOL_PARAMETER_DEF_MASK = 3

MD20100 $MC_DIAMETER_AX_DEF (geometry axis with transverse axis function) = "X"

X is diameter axis (standard turning machine configuration)

Program code

Comment

N30 $TC_DP1[1,1]=500

N40 $TC_DP2[1,1]=2

N50 $TC_DP3[1,1]=3.0

; geometry L1

N60 $TC_DP4[1,1]=4.0

N70 $TC_DP5[1,1]=5.0

N80 $TC_DP12[1,1]=12.0

; wear L1

N90 $TC_DP13[1,1]=13.0

N100 $TC_DP14[1,1]=14.0

N110 T1 D1 G18

N120 R1=GETTCOR(_LEN,"GW")

N130 R3=_LEN[2]

; 17.0 (= 4.0 + 13.0)

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

215

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

Program code

Comment

N140 R4=_LEN[3]

; 7.5 (= 0.5 * 3.0 + 0.5 * 12.0)

N150 R5=_LEN[4]

; 19.0 (= 5.0 + 14.0)

N160 M30

Length components of the kinematic transformation and toolholder with orientation

capability

If a toolholder with orientation capability is taken account of during the tool length

calculation, the following vectors are included in that calculation:

Type

Vectors

M

l1 and l2

T

l1, l2 and l3

P

The tool length is not influenced by the toolholder with orientation capability.

In generic 5-axis transformation, the following machine data are included in the tool length

calculation for transformer types 24 and 56:

Transforma-

Machine data

tion type

24

MD24550/24650 $MC_TRAFO5_BASE_TOOL_1/2

MD24560/24660 $MC_TRAFO5_JOINT_OFFSET_1/2

MD24558/24658 $MC_TRAFO5_PART_OFFSET_1/2

56

MD24550/24650 $MC_TRAFO5_BASE_TOOL_1/2

MD24560/24660 $MC_TRAFO5_JOINT_OFFSET_1/2

Transformation type 56 (moving tool and moving workpiece) corresponds to type M for

toolholders with orientation capability.

For this 5-axis transformation, in the previous software releases, vector MD24560/24660

$MC_TRAFO5_JOINT_OFFSET_1/2 (vector of kinematic offset of the 1st/2nd 5-axis

transformation in the channel) corresponds to the sum of the two vectors l₁ and l₃ for a type M

tool carrier with orientation capability.

Only the sum is relevant for the transformation in both cases. The way, in which the two

individual components are composed, is insignificant. However, when calculating the tool

length, it is relevant which component is assigned to the tool and which is assigned to the tool

table. This is the reason that machine data MD24558/24658

$MC_TRAFO5_JOINT_OFFSET_PART_1/2 (vector kinematic offset in table) was introduced. It

corresponds to vector l3. Machine data:MD24560/24660 $MC_TRAFO5_JOINT_OFFSET_1/2 no

longer corresponds to the sum of l1 and l3, but only to vector l1. If machine data

MD24558/24658 $MC_TRAFO5_JOINT_OFFSET_PART_1/2 is equal to zero, the behavior is the

same as before.

Compatibility

The GETTCOR function is used in conjunction with the TOOLENV and SETTCOR functions to

replace parts of the functionality, which were previously implemented externally in the

measuring cycles.

Only some of the parameters, which actually determine the effective tool length, were

implemented in the measuring cycles. The functions mentioned above can be configured to

reproduce the behavior of the measuring cycles in relation to the tool length calculation.

Tools

216

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

3.16.6

Change tool components (SETTCOR)

The SETTCOR function is used to change tool components taking into account all general

conditions that can be involved when evaluating the individual components.

Note

Regarding the terminology: If in the following, in conjunction with the tool length, tool

components are involved, then the components considered from a vectorial perspective are

meant, which make up the complete tool length (e.g. geometry or wear). Such a component

comprises three individual values (L1, L2, L3), which are called coordinate values in the

following.

The tool component "geometry" therefore comprises three coordinate values $TC_DP3 to

$TC_DP5.

Syntax

<Status> = SETTCOR(<CorVal>, <Comp>, [<CorComp>, <CorMode>, <GeoAx>,

<Stat>, <T>, <D>, <DL>])

Meaning

SETTCOR(...):

Predefined function to change tool components

Alone in the

Yes

block:

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

217

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

<Status>:

Function return value. Negative values indicate error states.

Data type:

INT

Value:

0

Function OK

-1

No memory reserved for tool environments:

MD18116 $MN_MM_NUM_TOOL_ENV = 0

This means that the "tool environments" functionality is not

available.

-2

A tool environment with the name specified under <Stat> does

not exist.

-3

Invalid string in parameter <Comp>.

Causes of this error can be invalid characters or characters pro-

grammed twice.

-4

Invalid T number.

-5

Invalid D number.

-6

Invalid DL number.

-7

Attempt to access a non-existent memory module.

-8

Attempt to access a non-existent option (programmable tool ori-

entation, tool management).

-9

Illegal numerical value for parameter <CorComp>.

-10

Illegal numerical value for parameter <CorMode>.

-11

The contents of parameters <Comp> and <CorComp> are con-

tradictory.

-12

The contents of parameters <Comp> and <CorMode> are con-

tradictory.

-13

The content of the <GeoAx parameter does not designate a ge-

ometry axis.

-14

Write attempt to a non-existent setup offset.

Parameters

1

<CorVal>:

Correction vector

In the workpiece coordinate system (WCS) defined by <Stat>, the following assign-

ment applies:

• <CorVal> [0]: Abscissa

• <CorVal> [1]: Ordinate

• <CorVal> [2]: Applicate

If only one tool component is to be corrected (i.e. no vectorial correction, see pa-

rameter <CorMode>), the correction value is always in <CorVal>[0], independent of

the axis on which it acts. The contents of the other two components are then not

evaluated.

If <CorVal> or a component of <CorVal> refers to the transverse axis, then the data

is evaluated as radius dimension. This means that a tool is, for example, "longer"

by the specified dimension; this correspondingly results in a change to the work-

piece diameter that is twice as large.

The dimensions refer to the basic system (inch or metric) of the control system.

Data type:

REAL[3]

Tools

218

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

2

<Comp>:

Tool component(s)

Data type:

STRING

The character string consists of two substrings, which are separated from one an-

other by a colon.

General form: "<SubStr_1> [: <SubStr_2]"

<SubStr_1>:

The first substring must always be available, and can either

comprise one or two characters. The first or only character for the

1st component (Val₁) and the second character for the 2nd com-

ponent (Val₂), which are processed according to the subsequent

parameters <CorComp> and <CorMode>.

Charac-

C

Adapter or tool base dimension (whichever

ters:

of the two alternative components is active

for the tool in use)

E

Setup offsets

G

Geometry

S

Sum offsets

W

Wear

<Substr_2>:

The second substring is optional. Alternatively, it can comprise

(individual) letters "W" or "T".

Charac-

W

If the second substring is empty or contains

ters:

the letter "W", then the offset values are tak-

en into account as if they had been meas-

ured in the workpiececoordinate system

(WCS).

T

If the second substring contains the letter

"T", then the offset values are taken into ac-

count as if they had been measured in

the toolcoordinate system (Tool Coordinate

System, TCS).

The notation of the characters in the string (upper or lower case) is arbitrary. Any

number of spaces or tabs (white spaces) can be inserted.

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

219

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

3

<CorComp>:

Specifies the component(s) of the tool data sets that are to be described (optional).

Data type:

INT

Value:

0

Offset value <CorVal>[0] refers to the geometry axis transferred

in parameter <GeoAx> in the workpiece coordinate system - or

in the tool coordinate system (also see a description of parame-

ter <Comp>). This means that the offset value must be calculated

in the designated tool components so that, taking account all the

parameters that can influence the tool length calculation, a

change of the total tool length by the specified value in the

specified axis direction is obtained.

This change should be achieved by correcting the component

specified in <Comp> and the symbolic algorithm specified in

<CorMode> (see the following parameters). The resulting cor-

rection can therefore have an effect on all three axis components.

1

Like "0", however, vectorial. The content of vector <CorVal> re-

fers to abscissa, ordinate and applicate in the workpiece coordi-

nate system or tool coordinate system (see the description of

parameter <Comp>).

Subsequent parameter <GeoAx> is not evaluated.

2

Vectorial offset, i.e. L1, L2 and L3 can change simultaneously.

In contrast to the versions from "0 and "1", the offset values con-

tained in <CorVal> refer to the coordinates of Val₁ components

(see following parameter <CorMode>) of the tool.

Any possible inclination of an existing tool compared with the

workpiece coordinate system has no influence on the offset.

3 - 5

Correction of tool lengths L1 to L3 ($TC_DP3 to $TC_DP5) or the

corresponding values for wear, setting up or additive offsets.

The offset value is contained in <CorVal>[0]. It is measured in the

coordinates of the Val₁ component (see following parameter

<CorMode>) of the tool. Any possible inclination of an existing

tool compared with the workpiece coordinate system has no

influence on the offset.

6

Correction of the tool radius ($TC_DP6) or the corresponding

values for wear, setting up or additive offsets. Bits 10 and 11

(evaluation of the diameter and/or diameter wear data, either

specified as a radius or diameter) in machine data

MD20360 $MC_TOOL_PARAMETER_DEF_MASK are taken into

account.

7

Correction of $TC_DP7 to $TC_DP11 or the corresponding values

– 11

for wear, setting up or additive offsets. These parameters are

treated just like the tool radius.

If this parameter is not specified then its value is "0".

Tools

220

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

4

<CorMode>:

Specifies the type of write operation to be executed (optional).

Data type:

INT

Value:

0

Val_1new = <CorVal>

1

Val_1new = Val_1old + <CorVal>

2

Val_1new = <CorVal>

Val_2new = 0

3

Val_1new = Val_1old + Val_2old + <CorVal>

Val_2new = 0

The notation Val_1old + Val_2old is symbolic. If the two components (due to the status of

<_Stat>) are evaluated in different ways, i.e. if a rotation is effective between the

two components, then Val_2old is transformed prior to addition so that the resulting

tool length after deleting Val_2new and prior to the addition of <CorVal> remains

unchanged.

<CorVal> always refers to Val₁. <CorVal> is a value, which dependent on the second

part of parameter <Comp>, is measured in the workpiece coordinate system (WCS)

or in the tool coordinate system (TCS). It is therefore already transformed with

respect to the tool components, in which it should be calculated. Therefore, it

cannot be directly calculated together with the saved value, but must be trans-

formed back prior to adding to Val₁ or Val₂. This can mean that the offset acts on an

axis different than the one defined by <CorComp> - or that it acts on several axes.

For the case <CorComp> = 0, i.e. when <CorVal> does not contain a vector, but only

an individual value, then the described operations are executed in the coordinates

in which <CorVal> was measured (WCS/TCS). In particular, this also applies to set-

ting Val_2new to zero in variants 2 and 3. This result is then transformed back into the

coordinates of the tool. This can mean that none of the coordinate values to be set

to zero (L1, L2, L3) become zero, or coordinate values, that were previously zero, are

now not equal to zero. However, if the corresponding operations are successively

executed for all three geometry axes, then it is guaranteed that all three coordinate

values of the components to be deleted are zero. If the tool is not rotated with

respect to the workpiece coordinate system or is rotated so that all tool components

remain parallel to the coordinate axes (axis exchange operations), then this also

ensures that only one tool coordinate changes.

The successive execution of the same operation (<CorMode>) with <CorComp> = 0

for all three coordinate axes in any sequence is identical with the single execution

of the same operation with <CorComp>=1.

For parameter values "0" and "1", parameter <Comp> must contain one character,

and for parameter values "2" and "3", two characters.

Example:

<Comp> contains string "ES", <CorMode> the value "2"

⇒ Setup offset_new = <CorVal>, summed offset_new = 0

If parameter <CorMode> is not specified, then its value is "0".

5

<GeoAx>:

Specifies the index of the geometry axis in which the offset value <CorVal>[0] was

read (optional)

Data type:

INT

Value range:

0 ... 2

Indices 0 to 2 refer to abscissa, ordinate and applicate in the active plane (G17/G18/

G19) of the current tool environment.

The content of this parameter is only evaluated if parameter <CorComp> has a value

of "0".

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

221

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

6

<Stat>:

Name of the data set for describing a tool environment (optional)

Data type:

STRING

If the value of this parameter is the null string (""), or is not specified, then the

current status is used. The current tool is used if a tool is not specified.

7

<T>:

Internal T number of the tool (optional).

Data type:

INT

If this parameter is not specified or if its value is "0", then the tool stored in <Stat>

is used.

If the value of this parameter is "-1", then the T number of the active tool is used. It

is also possible to explicitly specify the number of the active tool.

Note:

If <Stat> is not specified, the actual status is used as the tool environment. Since <T>

= 0 refers to the T number saved in the tool environment, the active tool is used in

this environment, i.e. parameters <T> = 0 and <T> = -1 have the same meaning in

this special case.

8

<D>:

Cutting edge of the tool (optional).

Data type:

INT

If this parameter is not specified, or if its value is "0", then the D number used is

based on the source of the T number. If the T number from the tool environment is

used, the D number of the tool environment is also read, otherwise the D number

of the currently active tool is read.

9

<TL>:

Number of the offset dependent on the location (optional).

Data type:

INT

If this parameter is not specified, then the DL number used is based on the source

of the T number. If the T number from the tool environment is used, the D number

of the tool environment is also read, otherwise the D number of the currently active

tool is read. If T, D and DL specify a tool without location-dependent offsets, no

summed or setup offsets may be specified in parameter <Comp> (error code in

<Status>).

Note

Not all possible combinations of the three parameters <Comp>, <CorComp> and <CorMode>

make sense. For example, algorithm 3 in <CorComp> requires that two characters are specified

in <Comp>. If an invalid parameter combination is specified, then a corresponding error code is

returned in the <Status>.

Examples

Example 1

Program code

Comment

N10 DEF REAL _CORVAL[3]

N20 $TC_DP1[1,1]=120

; Milling tool

N30 $TC_DP3[1,1]=10.0

; Geometry L1

N40 $TC_DP12[1,1]=1.0

; wear L1

N50 _CORVAL[0]=0.333

N60 T1 D1 G17 G0

Tools

222

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

Program code

Comment

N70 R1=SETTCOR(_CORVAL,"G",0,0,2)

N80 T1 D1 X0 Y0 Z0

; ==> MCS position X0.000 Y0.000 Z1.333

N90 M30

<CorComp> is "0", therefore, the coordinate value of the geometry component acting in the Z

direction must be replaced by the offset value 0.333.

The resulting total tool length is thus: L1 = 0.333 + 1.000 = 1.333

Example 2

Program code

Comment

N10 DEF REAL _CORVAL[3]

N20 $TC_DP1[1,1]=120

; milling tool

N30 $TC_DP3[1,1]=10.0

; geometry L1

N40 $TC_DP12[1,1]=1.0

; wear L1

N50 _CORVAL[0]=0.333

N60 T1 D1 G17 G0

N70 R1=SETTCOR(_CORVAL,"W",0,1,2)

N80 T1 D1 X0 Y0 Z0

; ==> MCS position X0.000 Y0.000 Z11.333

N90 M30

<CorComp> is "1", this means that the offset value of 0.333 - acting in the Z axis - is added to

the wear value of 1.0.

The resulting total tool length is thus: L1 = 10.0 + 1.333 = 11.333

Example 3

Program code

Comment

N10 DEF REAL _CORVAL[3]

N20 $TC_DP1[1,1]=120

; Milling tool

N30 $TC_DP3[1,1]=10.0

; Geometry L1

N40 $TC_DP12[1,1]=1.0

; Wear L1

N50 _CORVAL[0]=0.333

N60 T1 D1 G17 G0

N70 R1=SETTCOR(_CORVAL,"GW",0,2,2)

N80 T1 D1 X0 Y0 Z0

; ==> MCS position X0.000 Y0.000 Z0.333

N90 M30

<CorComp> is "2", therefore, the offset effective in the Z axis is entered in the geometry

component (the old value is overwritten) and the wear value is deleted.

The resulting total tool length is thus: L1 = 0.333 + 0.0 = 0.333

Example 4

Program code

Comment

N10 DEF REAL _CORVAL[3]

N20 $TC_DP1[1,1]=120

; Milling tool

N30 $TC_DP3[1,1]=10.0

; Geometry L1

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

223

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

Program code

Comment

N40 $TC_DP12[1,1]=1.0

; wear L1

N50 _CORVAL[0]=0.333

N60 T1 D1 G17 G0

N70 R1=SETTCOR(_CORVAL,"GW",0,3,2)

N80 T1 D1 X0 Y0 Z0

; ==> MCS position X0.000 Y0.000 Z11.333

N90 M30

<CorComp> is "3", therefore, the wear value and compensation value are added to the geometry

component and the wear component is deleted.

The resulting total tool length is thus: L1 = 11.333 + 0.0 = 11.333

Example 5

Program code

Comment

N10 DEF REAL _CORVAL[3]

N20 $TC_DP1[1,1]=120

; Milling tool

N30 $TC_DP3[1,1]=10.0

; Geometry L1

N40 $TC_DP12[1,1]=1.0

; Wear L1

N50 _CORVAL[0]=0.333

N60 T1 D1 G17 G0

N70 R1=SETTCOR(_CORVAL,"GW",0,3,0)

N80 T1 D1 X0 Y0 Z0

; ==> MCS position X0.333 Y0.000 Z11.000

N90 M30

<CorComp> is "3", as in the previous example, but the compensation is now effective on the

geometry axis with index "0" (X axis), which for a milling tool, is assigned to tool component L3

due to G17. As a consequence, when calling SETTCOR, tool parameters $TC_DP3 and $TC_DP12

are not influenced. Instead, the compensation value is entered in $TC_DP5.

Example 6

Program code

Comment

N10 DEF REAL _CORVAL[3]

N20 $TC_DP1[1,1]=500

; turning tool

N30 $TC_DP3[1,1]=10.0

; geometry L1

N40 $TC_DP4[1,1]=15.0

; geometry L2

N50 $TC_DP12[1,1]=10.0

; wear L1

N60 $TC_DP13[1,1]=0.0

; wear L2

N70 _CORVAL[0]=5.0

N80 ROT Y-30

N90 T1 D1 G18 G0

N100 R1=SETTCOR(_CORVAL,"GW",0,3,1)

N110 T1 D1 X0 Y0 Z0

; ==> MCS position X24.330 Y0.000 Z17.500

N120 M30

The tool is a turning tool. A frame rotation is activated in N80, causing the basic coordinate

system (BCS) to be rotated in relation to the workpiece coordinate system (WCS). In the WCS, the

compensation value (N70) acts on the geometry axis with index 1, i.e. on the X axis because G18

Tools

224

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

is active. Since <CorMode> = 3, the tool wear in the direction of the X axis of the WCS must

become zero once N100 has been executed.

The contents of the relevant tool parameters at the end of the program are thus:

$TC_DP3[1,1]: 21.830 ; geometry L1

$TC_DP4[1,1] : 21.830 ; geometry L2

$TC_DP12[1,1] : 2.500 ; wear L1

$TC_DP13[1,1] : -4.330 ; wear L2

The geometrical relationships are shown in the figure below: The total wear including _CORVAL

is mapped onto the X' direction in the WCS. This produces point P2. The coordinates of this point

(measured in X/Y coordinates) are entered in the geometry component of the tool. The

difference vector P₂ - P₁ remains in the wear. The wear thus no longer has a component in the

direction of _CORVAL.

2ULJLQDO WRRO OHQJWK

[

[

3

B&259$/ DFWLYH LQ WKH ; GLUHFWLRQ

:HDU /

/

*HRPHWU\ /

/

]

If the program example is continued after N110 with the following instructions, then the

remaining wear is included completely in the geometry because the compensation is now

effective in the Z' axis (parameter <GeoAx> = 0):

N120 _CORVAL[0]=0.0

N130 R1=SETTCOR(_CORVAL,"GW",0,3,0)

N140 T1 D1 X0 Y0 Z0 ; ==> MCS position X24.330 Y0.000 Z17.500

Since the new compensation value is "0", the total tool length and thus the position approached

in N140 may not change. If _CORVAL were not equal to "0" in N120, a new total tool length and

thus a new position in N140 would result, however, the wear component of the tool length

would always be zero, i.e. the total tool length is subsequently always contained in the geometry

component of the tool.

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

225

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

Example 8

Program code

Comment

N10 DEF REAL _CORVAL[3]

N20 $TC_DP1[1,1]=500

; turning tool

N30 $TC_DP3[1,1]=10.0

; geometry L1

N40 $TC_DP4[1,1]=15.0

; geometry L2

N50 $TC_DP5[1,1]=20.0

; geometry L3

N60 $TC_DP12[1,1]=10.0

; wear L1

N70 $TC_DP13[1,1]=0.0

; wear L2

N80 $TC_DP14[1,1]=0.0

; wear L3

N90 $SC_WEAR_SIGN=TRUE

N100 _CORVAL[0]=10.0

N110 _CORVAL[1]=15.0

N120 _CORVAL[2]=5.0

N130 ROT Y-30

N140 T1 D1 G18 G0

N150 R1=SETTCOR(_CORVAL,"W",1,1)

N160 T1 D1 X0 Y0 Z0

; ==> MCS position X7.990 Y25.000 Z31.160

N170 M30

Setting data:SD42930 $SC_WEAR_SIGN is enabled in N90, i.e. the wear must be evaluated with

a negative sign. The compensation is vectorial (<CorComp> = 1), and the compensation vector

must be added to the wear (<CorMode> = 1). The geometrical relationships in the Z/X plane are

shown in the diagram below:

;

;

5HVXOWLQJ ZHDU FRPSRQHQW

*HRPHWU\

/

/

3

3

B&259$/ <

;

=

3

=

:HDU /

/

2ULJLQDO WRRO OHQJWK

QHJDWLYH HYDOXDWLRQ

=

The geometry component of the tool remains unchanged due to <CorMode> = 1. The

compensation vector defined in the WCS (rotation around the y axis) must be included in the

wear component such that the total tool length in Fig. 3 refers to point P₂. Therefore, the

resulting wear component of the tool is given by the distance of the two points P₁ and P₂.

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

227

Tool offset

3.16 Working with tool environments

However, since the wear is evaluated negatively, due to setting data SD42930 $SC_WEAR_SIGN,

the compensation determined in this way has to be entered in the compensation memory with

a negative sign. The contents of the relevant tool parameters at the end of the program are thus:

$TC_DP3[1,1]: 10.000 ; geometry L1 (unchanged)

$TC_DP4[1,1] : 15.000 ; geometry L2 (unchanged)

$TC_DP5[1,1]: 10.000 ; geometry L3 (unchanged)

$TC_DP12[1,1] : 2.010 ; wear L1 (= 10 - 15 * cos(30) + 10 * sin(30))

$TC_DP13[1,1] : -16.160 ; wear L2 (= -15 * sin(30) - 10 * cos(30))

$TC_DP14[1,1] : -5.000 ; wear L3

The effect of setting data SD42930 $SC_WEAR_SIGN on the L3 component in the Y direction can

be recognized without the additional complication caused by the frame rotation.

Additional information

Turning/grinding tools: Calculating the tool length depending on MD20360

$MC_TOOL_PARAMETER_DEF_MASK

The following machine data defines how the wear and tool length are to be evaluated if a

diameter axis is used for turning/grinding tools:

MD20360 $MC_TOOL_PARAMETER_DEF_MASK.<Bit> = <Value>

<Bit>

<Val-

Meaning

ue>

0

0

For turning/grinding tools, the wear parameter of the transverse axis is taken into

account in the radius value:

1

For turning/grinding tools, the wear parameter of the transverse axis is taken into

account as the diameter value:

1

0

For turning/grinding tools, the tool length component of the transverse axis is

taken into account as the radius value:

1

For turning/grinding tools, the tool length component of the transverse axis is

taken into account as the diameter value:

If the bits involved are set, the associated entry is weighted with a factor of 0.5. The correction

using SETTCOR is executed so that the total effective tool length change is equal to the value

transferred in <CorVal>. If, when calculating the length, a length is evaluated with a factor of 0.5

as a result of machine data MD20360 $MC_TOOL_PARAMETER_DEF_MASK, then the

compensation of this component must be realized with twice the value transferred.

Example

MD20360 $MC_TOOL_PARAMETER_DEF_MASK = 2 (tool length must be evaluated in the

diameter axis using a factor of 0.5)

Axis X is the diameter axis.

Program code

Comment

N10 DEF REAL _LEN[11]

N20 DEF REAL _CORVAL[3]

N30 $TC_DP1[1,1]=500

; Tool type

Tools

228

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.17 Read the assignment of the tool lengths L1, L2, L3 to the coordinate axes (LENTOAX)

Program code

Comment

N40 $TC_DP2[1,1]=2

; Cutting edge position

N50 $TC_DP3[1,1]=3.

; Geometry - length 1

N60 $TC_DP4[1,1]=4.

; Geometry - length 2

N70 $TC_DP5[1,1]=5.

; Geometry - length 3

N80 _CORVAL[0]=1.

N90 _CORVAL[1]=1.

N100 _CORVAL[2]=1.

N110 T1 D1 G18 G0 X0 Y0 Z0

; ==> MCS position X1.5 Y5 Z4

N120 R1=SETTCOR(_CORVAL,"G",1,1)

N130 T1 D1 X0 Y0 Z0

; ==> MCS position X2.5 Y6 Z5

N140 R3=$TC_DP3[1,1]

; = 5. = (3.000 + 2.*1.000)

N150 R4=$TC_DP4[1,1]

; = 5. = (4.000 + 1.000)

N160 R5=$TC_DP5[1,1]

; = 6. = (5.000 + 1.000)

N170 M30

In each axis, the tool length compensation should be 1 mm (N80 to N100). 1 mm is thus added

to the original length in lengths L2 and L3. Twice the compensation value (2 mm) is added to the

original tool length in L1, in order to change the total length by 1 mm as required. If the positions

approached in blocks N110 and N130 are compared, it can be seen that each axis position has

changed by 1 mm.

3.17

Read the assignment of the tool lengths L1, L2, L3 to the

coordinate axes (LENTOAX)

The LENTOAX function provides information about the assignment of tool lengths L1, L2 and L3

of the active tool to the abscissa, ordinate and applicate. The assignment of abscissa, ordinate

and applicate to the geometry axes is affected by frames and the active plane (G17 - G19).

Only the geometry component of a tool ($TC_DP3[<t>,<d>] to $TC_DP5[<t>,<d>]) is

considered, i.e. a different axis assignment for other components (e.g. wear) has no effect on the

result.

Syntax

<Status> = LENTOAX(<AxInd>, <Matrix>[, <Coord>])

Principle

LENTOAX(...):

Predefined function to read the assignment of tool lengths L1, L2 and L3 of the

active tool to the coordinate axes

Alone in the block:

Yes

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

229

Tool offset

3.17 Read the assignment of the tool lengths L1, L2, L3 to the coordinate axes (LENTOAX)

<Status>:

Function return value. Negative values indicate error states.

Data type:

INT

Value:

0

Function OK

Information provided in <AxInd> is sufficient for the descrip-

tion (all tool length components are in parallel to the geom-

etry axes).

1

Function is OK, however, the content of <Matrix> must be

evaluated for a correct description (the tool length compo-

nents are not parallel to the geometry axes).

-1

Invalid string in parameter <Coord>.

-2

No tool active.

Parameters

1

<AxInd>:

If the tool length components are parallel to the geometry axes, the axis indices

assigned to length components L1 to L3 are returned in the <AxInd> array.

• <AxInd> [0]: Abscissa

• <AxInd> [1]: Ordinate

• <AxInd> [2]: Applicate

Data type:

INT[3]

Value:

0

No assignment exists (axis does not exist)

1 ... 3

Number of the length effective in the corresponding coordi-

nate axis.

or

The sign is negative if the tool length component is pointing

-1 ... -3

in the negative coordinate direction.

If not all length components are parallel or antiparallel to the geometry axes, the

index of the axis, which contains the largest part of a tool length component, is

returned in <AxInd>. In this case (if the function does not return an error for a

different reason), then the return value is <Status> = 1. The mapping of tool length

components L1 to L3 to geometry axes 1 to 3 is then described completely by the

content of the 2nd parameter <Matrix>.

2

<Matrix>:

Matrix which represents the vector of the tool lengths (L1=1, L2=1, L3=1) to the

vector of the coordinate axes (abscissa, ordinate, applicate), i.e. the tool length

components are assigned to the columns in the order L1, L2, L3 and the axes are

assigned to the lines in the order abscissa, ordinate, applicate.

Data type:

REAL

All elements are always valid in the matrix, even if the geometry axis belonging to

the coordinate axis is not available, i.e. if the corresponding entry in <AxInd> is 0.

Tools

230

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.17 Read the assignment of the tool lengths L1, L2, L3 to the coordinate axes (LENTOAX)

3

<Coord>:

coordinate system applicable for the assignment (optional)

Data type:

STRING

Charac-

MCS

The tool length is represented in the machine coordinate sys-

ters:

tem.

M

BCS

The tool length is represented in the basic coordinate system.

B

WCS

The tool length is represented in the workpiece coordinate

system (default setting).

W

KCS

The tool length is represented in the tool coordinate system

of the kinematic transformation.

K

TCS

The tool length is represented in the tool coordinate system.

T

The notation of the characters in the string (upper or lower case) is arbitrary.

If the parameter <Coord> is not specified, then WCS is used (default setting).

Note

In the TCS, all tool length components are always parallel or antiparallel to the axes.

The components can only be antiparallel when mirroring is active and the following setting data

is activated:

SD42900 $SC_MIRROR_TOOL_LENGTH (sign change tool length when mirroring)

Example

Standard application, milling tool for G17.

L1 applies in Z (applicate), L2 applies in Y (ordinate), L3 applies in X (abscissa).

Function call in the form:

<Status>=LENTOAX(<AxInd>,<Matrix>,"WCS")

The result parameter <AxInd> then contains the values:

<AxInd>[0] = 3

<AxInd>[1] = 2

<AxInd>[2] = 1

Or, in short: (3, 2, 1)

In this case, the associated matrix (<Matrix>) is:

0DWUL[!

A change from G17 to G18 or G19 does not alter the result, because the assignment of the length

components to the geometry axes changes in the same way as the assignment of the abscissa,

ordinate and applicate.

A frame rotation of Z through 60 degrees is now programmed with G17 active, e.g.

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

231

Tool offset

3.19 Data lists

3.19

Data lists

3.19.1

Machine data

3.19.1.1

NC-specific machine data

Number

Identifier: $MN_

Description

18082

MM_NUM_TOOL

Number of tools that the NC can manage (SRAM)

18088

MM_NUM_TOOL_CARRIER

Maximum number of the defined toolholders

18094

MM_NUM_CC_TDA_PARAM

Number of tool data (SRAM)

18096

MM_NUM_CC_TOA_PARAM

Number of data, per tool cutting edge for compile cycles

(SRAM)

18100

MM_NUM_CUTTING_EDGES_IN_TOA

Tool offsets in the TOA area (SRAM)

18102

MM_TYPE_OF_CUTTING_EDGE

Type of D number programming (SRAM)

18105

MM_MAX_CUTTING_EDGE_NO

Maximum value of D number

18106

MM_MAX_CUTTING_EDGE_PERTOOL

Maximum number of D numbers per tool

18108

MM_NUM_SUMCORR

Number of all sum offsets in the NC

18110

MM_MAX_SUMCORR_PER_CUTTEDGE

Number of sum offsets per cutting edge

18112

MM_KIND_OF_SUMCORR

Properties of sum offsets in the TO area (SRAM)

18114

MM_ENABLE_TOOL_ORIENT

Assign orientation to cutting edges

18116

MM_NUM_TOOL_ENV

Tool environments in the TOA area (SRAM)

3.19.1.2

Channelspecific machine data

Number

Identifier: $MC_

Description

20096

T_M_ADDRESS_EXT_IS_SPINO

Meaning of the address extension with T, M tool change

20110

RESET_MODE_MASK

Definition of initial control setting after RESET/part pro-

gram end

20120

TOOL_RESET_VALUE

Tool length compensation at power-up (Reset/TP end)

20121

TOOL_PRESEL_RESET_VALUE

Preselect tool on Reset

20125

CUTMOD_ERR

Fault handling for the function "Modification of the off-

set data for rotatable tools"

20126

TOOL_CARRIER_RESET_VALUE

Operative tool holder on Reset

20127

CUTMOD_INIT

Initialization value for CUTMOD

20130

CUTTING_EDGE_RESET_VALUE

Tool cutting edge length compensation at power-up

(Reset/TP end)

20132

SUMCORR_RESET_VALUE

Additive offset effective on reset

20140

TRAFO_RESET_VALUE

Transformation data record at power up (Reset/TP end)

20180

TOCARR_ROT_ANGLE_INCR[i]

Rotary axis increment of the tool carrier with orientation

capability

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

233

Tool offset

3.19 Data lists

Number

Identifier: $MC_

Description

20182

TOCARR_ROT_ANGLE_OFFSET[i]

Rotary axis offset of tool carrier with orientation capa-

bility

20184

TOCARR_BASE_FRAME_NUMBER

Number of the basic frames to accept the table offset

20188

TOCARR_FINE_LIM_LIN

Limit linear fine offset TCARR

20190

TOCARR_FINE_LIM_ROT

Limit of the rotary fine offset TCARR

20202

WAB_MAXNUM_DUMMY_BLOCKS

Maximum number of blocks with no traversing motions

with SAR

20204

WAB_CLEARANCE_TOLERANCE

Direction reversal for WAB

20210

CUTCOM_CORNER_LIMIT

Max. angle for intersection calculation with tool radius

compensation

20220

CUTCOM_MAX_DISC

Maximum value for DISC

20230

CUTCOM_CURVE_INSERT_LIMIT

Maximum value for intersection calculation with TRC

20240

CUTCOM_MAXNUM_CHECK_BLOCKS

Blocks for predictive contour calculation with tool radius

compensation

20250

CUTCOM_MAXNUM_DUMMY_BLOCKS

Maximum number of blocks without traversing motion

for TRC

20252

CUTCOM_MAXNUM_SUPPR_BLOCKS

Maximum number of blocks with compensation sup-

pression

20256

CUTCOM_INTERS_POLY_ENABLE

Intersection process possible for polynomials

20270

CUTTING_EDGE_DEFAULT

Basic setting of tool cutting edge without programming

20272

SUMCORR_DEFAULT

Initial setting of additive offset without program

20360

TOOL_PARAMETER_DEF_MASK

Definition of tool parameters

20390

TOOL_TEMP_COMP_ON

Activation of temperature compensation for tool length

20392

TOOL_TEMP_COMP_LIMIT

Maximum temperature compensation for tool length

20610

ADD_MOVE_ACCEL_RESERVE

Acceleration reserve for overlaid movements

21080

CUTCOM_PARALLEL_ORI_LIMIT

Minimum angle (path tangent and tool orientation) for

3D tool radius compensation

22530

TOCARR_CHANGE_M_CODE

M code for change of tool carrier

22550

TOOL_CHANGE_MODE

New tool offsets with M function

22560

TOOL_CHANGE_M_CODE

M function for tool change

22562

TOOL_CHANGE_ERROR_MODE

Response when errors occur at tool change

24558

TRAFO5_JOINT_OFFSET_PART_1

Vector of kinematic offset in table, transformation 1

24658

TRAFO5_JOINT_OFFSET_PART_2

Vector of kinematic offset in table, transformation 2

28085

MM_LINK_TOA_UNIT

Assigning ´the TO unit to a channel (SRAM)

3.19.1.3

Axis/spindlespecific machine data

Number

Identifier: $MA_

Description

32750

TEMP_COMP_TYPE

Temperature compensation type

Tools

234

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

Tool offset

3.19 Data lists

3.19.2

Setting data

3.19.2.1

Channelspecific setting data

Number

Identifier $SC_

Description

42442

TOOL_OFFSET_INCR_PROG

Tool length compensation

42470

CRIT_SPLINE_ANGLE

Core limit angle, for compressor

42480

STOP_CUTCOM_STOPRE

Alarm response for tool radius compensation and pre-

processing stop

42494

CUTCOM_ACT_DEACT_CTRL

Approach and retraction behavior for tool radius com-

pensation

42496

CUTCOM_CLSDT_CONT

Behavior of the tool radius compensation for closed

contour

42900

MIRROR_TOOL_LENGTH

Sign change, tool lengths when mirroring

42910

MIRROR_TOOL_WEAR

Sign change, tool wear when mirroring

42920

WEAR_SIGN_CUTPOS

Sign of wear for tools with cutting edge position

42930

WEAR_SIGN

Sign of the wear

42935

WEAR_TRANSFORM

Transformations for tool components

42940

TOOL_LENGTH_CONST

Change of tool length components for change of plane

42950

TOOL_LENGTH_TYPE

Assignment of the tool length offset independent of tool

type

42960

TOOL_TEMP_COMP

Temperature compensation value in relation to tool

42974

TCARR_FINE_CORRECTION

Fine offset TCARR on/off

42984

CUTDIRMOD

Modification of $P_AD[2] or $P_AD[11]

42998

CUTMOD_PLANE_TOL

Difference between tool tip plane and machining plane

for CUTMOD or CUTMODK

42999

ORISOLH_INCLINE_TOL

Difference between tool tip plane and machining plane

for ORISOLH

3.19.2.2

Channelspecific setting data

Number

Identifier $SC_

Description

42442

TOOL_OFFSET_INCR_PROG

Tool length compensation

42470

CRIT_SPLINE_ANGLE

Core limit angle, for compressor

42480

STOP_CUTCOM_STOPRE

Alarm response for tool radius compensation and pre-

processing stop

42494

CUTCOM_ACT_DEACT_CTRL

Approach and retraction behavior for tool radius com-

pensation

42496

CUTCOM_CLSDT_CONT

Behavior of the tool radius compensation for closed

contour

42900

MIRROR_TOOL_LENGTH

Sign change, tool lengths when mirroring

42910

MIRROR_TOOL_WEAR

Sign change, tool wear when mirroring

42920

WEAR_SIGN_CUTPOS

Sign of wear for tools with cutting edge position

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

235

Tool offset

3.19 Data lists

Number

Identifier $SC_

Description

42930

WEAR_SIGN

Sign of the wear

42935

WEAR_TRANSFORM

Transformations for tool components

42940

TOOL_LENGTH_CONST

Change of tool length components for change of plane

42950

TOOL_LENGTH_TYPE

Assignment of the tool length offset independent of tool

type

42960

TOOL_TEMP_COMP

Temperature compensation value in relation to tool

42974

TCARR_FINE_CORRECTION

Fine offset TCARR on/off

42984

CUTDIRMOD

Modification of $P_AD[2] or $P_AD[11]

42998

CUTMOD_PLANE_TOL

Difference between tool tip plane and machining plane

for CUTMOD

Tools

236

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.1 Function

$

%

=

)(

Z

;

<

Z₅

)+

)6

FE:

Milling tool machining point

FS:

Milling tool tip

FH:

Milling tool reference point

I:

Insertion depth

w:

Tool vector

w_r:

Vector from the milling tool reference point to the milling tool machining point with length of

shank radius R

Figure 4-1

Circumferential milling

Insertion depth

The insertion depth of the milling tool is the distance of the milling tool reference point from the

tip of the tool.

The milling tool reference point is the vertical projection of the milling tool machining point on

the programmed path to the longitudinal axis of the tool.

The position of the machining point on the peripheral surface of the tool is set with the insertion

depth.

Via the address ISD (InSertion Depth), the insertion depth of the tool for circumferential milling

and active 3D tool radius compensation can be changed (see Chapter "Programming

(Page 253)").

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

239

3D tool radius compensation

4.1 Function

4.1.2.1

Corners in circumferential milling

Inside and outside corners are handled separately. The terms inside corner and outside corner

are dependent on the tool orientation.

*

*

① Inside corner

② Outside corner

When the orientation changes at a corner, for example, the corner type may change while

machining is in progress:

Whenever this occurs, the machining operation is aborted with alarm 10770.

Tools

240

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.1 Function

first traversing block is used for the offset calculation. The circle block with constant orientation

is inserted immediately before the second traversing block.

See also "Example 1: Orientation change at outside corner during 3D circumferential milling

(Page 268)".

Intermediate blocks without relevant traversing information

Intermediate blocks without relevant traversing information (neither tool orientation nor

position of geometry axes are changed) are permissible. The intersection procedure is applied

to the adjacent blocks as if these intermediate blocks did not exist. In the same manner, tool

direction motions in the tool direction may also be programmed in intermediate blocks.

4.1.2.3

Behavior at inside corners

For the 3D-TRC, only adjacent traversing blocks are taken into consideration for the calculation

of the intersecting point.

If the orientation is not changed at the block limit, then the contour need only be considered in

the plane vertical to the tool axis. In this case, the tool cross-section is a circle which touches the

two contours. The geometric relations in this plane are identical to those for 2¹/₂D-TRC.

Behavior during orientation changes

If the orientation changes on a block transition, the tool moves in the inside corner so that it is

constantly in contact with the two blocks forming the corner.

Path segments must be long enough to ensure that the contact points of the tool do not cross

the block limits into other blocks when the orientation changes at an inside corner.

1

1

1

Figure 4-2

Orientation changes at inside corner

When the orientation changes in a block that is one of the two blocks forming the inside corner,

then it is no longer possible to adhere to the programmed relationship between path position

and associated orientation. This is because the orientation must reach its end value even though

the path end position is not reached. This response is identical to the response of synchronized

axes with 2¹/₂ D tool radius compensation.

Tools

242

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.1 Function

3URJUDPPHG

SRVLWLRQ

Figure 4-3

Path end position and change in orientation at inside corners

See also "Example 2: Orientation change at inside corner during 3D circumferential milling

(Page 271)".

Change in insertion depth

Generally speaking, the contour elements that form an inside corner are not positioned on the

plane perpendicular to the tool. This means that the contact points between the two blocks and

the tool are at different distances from the tool tip.

This means: The insertion depth (ISD) changes abruptly from the 1st to the 2nd block at an inside

corner.

To ensure that this difference in depth is not an abrupt step change, it is distributed continuously

among the blocks involved during interpolation. The depth-compensating motion is executed in

the current tool direction.

This solution prevents the contour from being violated by cylindrical tools if the length of the tool

prevents the cutter contact point on the lateral surface of the cutter leaving the range in which

machining is possible.

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

243

3D tool radius compensation

4.1 Function

,6' QHZ

,6' ROG

)6

QG EORFN

VW EORFN

Figure 4-4

Change in insertion depth

4.1.2.4

Monitoring of path curvature

The path curvature is monitored for an unchangeable orientation in the following way:

1. The contour in each block is projected on the plane that is orthogonal to the tool orientation.

2. Then the curvature of the projection is analyzed. Areas with too much curvature (tool does

not fit in the curve) are cut out.

3. The remaining offset contours overlap each other and thus form the global offset contour.

4.1.3

Face milling

Face milling is used to process curved surfaces of any kind. In this case, the longitudinal axis of

the tool and the surface normal vector are more or less parallel. In contrast, the longitudinal axis

of the tool and the surface normal vector of the surface to be machined in a 3D circumferential

milling operation are at right angles to one another.

Information about the surface to be machined is absolutely essential for face milling operations,

i.e. a description of the linear path in space is not sufficient. The tool shape must also be known

in order to implement the tool offset (the term "Tool radius compensation" is not appropriate in

this case).

The conditions for face milling are shown in the following figure:

Tools

244

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.1 Function

Z

)6

5

H

Q₎

U

)(

FE:

Milling tool machining point

FS:

Milling tool tip

n_F:

Surface normal vector

w:

Tool vector

R:

Shaft radius

r:

Corner radius

e:

Difference between the shank radius R and corner radius r

Figure 4-5

Face milling with a torus cutter

4.1.3.1

Tool shapes and tool data for face milling

An overview of the tool shapes, which may be used for face milling operations and relevant tool

data are listed in the following. The shape of the tool shaft is not taken into account. Therefore,

the tool types 120 and 155, for example, have an identical effect.

D

D

D

5

5

5

5

U

5

U

U

5

5

%DOO HQG PLOO

&\OLQGULFDO

(QG PLOO

(QG PLOO ZLWK

%HYHO FXWWHU

%HYHO FXWWHU

7DSHUHG

GLH VLQNLQJ

FRUQHU URXQGLQJ

ZLWK FRUQHU URXQGLQJ

GLH VLQNLQJ

PLOOLQJ FXWWHU

FXWWHU

W\SH

W\SH

W\SH

W\SH

W\SH

W\SH

W\SH

R

= shank radius (tool radius)

r

= corner radius

a

= angle between the tool longitudinal axis and upper end of the torus surface

Cutter type

Type No.

R

r

a

Ball end mill

110

> 0

-

-

Cylindrical die-sinking milling cutter

111

> 0

> R

-

End mill, angle head cutter

120, 130

> 0

-

-

End mill, angle head cutter with corner rounding

121, 131

> r

> 0

-

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

245

3D tool radius compensation

4.1 Function

Cutter type

Type No.

R

r

a

Bevel cutter

155

> 0

-

> 0

Bevel cutter with corner rounding

156

> 0

> 0

> 0

Tapered die-sinking cutter

157

> 0

-

> 0

- : is not evaluated.

Tool data

Tool parameters

Tool dimensions

Geometry

Wear

R

$TC_DP6

$TC_DP15

r

$TC_DP7

$TC_DP16

a

$TC_DP11

$TC_DP20

Note

If, in the NC program, a type number is specified that differs from that in the diagram, then the

system automatically uses tool type 110 (ball end mill).

Note

An alarm is output if the tool data limit values are violated.

Geometry and wear values of tool data have an additive effect, i.e. the tool form that is actually

used for the offset calculation is always described by the sum values.

In the CUT3DFD function (differential tool), only the wear value is considered as an offset value.

The geometry values are only necessary in this case for describing the tool form.

Tool length offset

The tool tip (intersecting point between the tool longitudinal axis and the workpiece surface) is

considered the reference point for the length offset.

Tool change

A new tool with changed dimensions (R, r, a) or other form can only be specified during the first

activation of the tool offset (i.e. during the transition from G40 to G41 or G42) or for an already

active offset only for new programming of G41 or G42. This rule does not apply to any other tool

data, e.g. tool lengths, so that tools can be loaded without reprogramming G41 or G42.

4.1.3.2

Face milling with a specified surface normal vector

Expanded options for orientation programming are provided for 3D face milling.

The tool offset for face milling cannot be calculated simply by specifying the path (e.g. of a line

in space). The surface to be machined must also be known. The necessary information about the

surface is provided to the controller with the surface normal vector.

The surface normal vector at the block beginning is programmed with A4, B4, C4, and the vector

at the block end with A5, B5, C5. Components of the surface normal vectors which are not

programmed are set to zero. The length of a vector programmed in this way is irrelevant. A vector

Tools

246

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.1 Function

changed relative to the surface normal vector or path tangent vector when the absolute

orientation of the tool is the same as at the original path end point.

4.1.3.3

Compensation on path

A special case must be examined with respect to face milling operations, i.e. that the machining

point on the tool surface moves around. This may be the case on a torus cutter whenever surface

normal vector n_F and tool vector w become collinear (i.e. the tool is at exact right angles to the

surface) since it is not a single point on the tool that corresponds to this direction, but the entire

circular surface on the tool end face. The contact point is therefore not defined for this

orientation. A path point in which tool longitudinal axis and surface normal are parallel is

therefore referred to below as a singular point or a singularity.

The above case is also meaningful in practical terms, e.g. in cases where a convex surface, which

may have a vertical surface normal (e.g. hemisphere), must be machined with a perpendicular

tool (e.g. face milling with constant orientation). The machining point on the contour remains

fixed, but the machine must be moved to bring the machining point from one side of the tool to

the other.

The problem described is only a borderline case (lead angle β = 0 and side angle y = 0). If the lead

angle β = 0 and the side angle y has a low value, then the tool must be moved very rapidly (in

borderline case in steps) to keep the machining point resulting from the milling conditions close

to the arc-line forming the end face (see the following figure).

In principle, it is resolved by the smoothing of the surface normal and the smoothing of the

contour.

6LQJXODU SRLQW

Figure 4-6

Switching of the processing point on the tool surface in the vicinity of a point in which the

surface normal vector and the tool orientation are parallel.

Singularities do not only occur in isolated points, but can also occur over entire curves. This is the

case, for example, if the curve to be interpolated is a plane curve (i.e. a curve with a constant

osculating plane) and the tool is constantly aligned in parallel to the binormal vector

(perpendicular to the osculating plane). A simple example of this is an arc in the X-Y plane, which

is processed with a tool that is aligned parallel to the Z axis. For paths of this type, the tool offset

is reduced to a tool length compensation. I.e. the tool is positioned in such a way that its tip lies

on the programmed path.

For a jump-like transition between singular and non-singular curves, linear blocks must be

inserted, just as in the handling of individual points, so that the processing point on the tool can

Tools

248

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.1 Function

migrate from the tool tip to the periphery (at outside corners or convex surfaces) or the paths

must be shortened to prevent contour violations (at inside corners or concave surfaces).

It is therefore necessary to activate both the smoothing of the contours ("Top Surface" function)

and the smoothing of the surface normal to ensure that the transitions run smoothly.

4.1.3.4

Corners in face milling

Two surfaces that do not tangentially transition into one another form an edge. The paths

defined on the surfaces form a corner. This corner is a point of the edge.

The type of corner (inside or outside corner) is defined by the surface normals of the

participating surfaces and the paths defined on them.

The surface normals of the two surfaces forming the edge may point in opposite directions of

the overall surface (the front edge of one surface is continued on the rear edge of the second

surface), see also the following Figure. Transitions of this type are not allowed and are rejected

with an alarm.

The scalar product of the surface normal vector and (possibly variable) tool orientation on one

corner/path must be positive at each point, i.e. it is not permissible to machine from the rear face

of the surface. If this condition is not fulfilled, an alarm is output. The permissible ranges of

validity of tool orientation for inside and outside corners are illustrated in the following Figure.

These ranges are further restricted by the condition that the angle between the surfaces to be

machined and the "steepest" surface line of the tool surface must not be lower than a particular

machine data setting. The "steepest" surface line is a line at angle a to the tool longitudinal axis

(this line is in the same direction as the tool longitudinal axis on cylindrical tools). This restriction

must be imposed to ensure that the contact point on the tool does not leave the permissible

range.

9DOLG UDQJH RI WRRO RULHQWDWLRQ

,QYDOLG VXUIDFH WUDQVLWLRQ

,QVLGH FRUQHU

2XWVLGH FRUQHU

Figure 4-7

Corners in face milling

It is possible to insert blocks that contain no motion commands (e.g. auxiliary function outputs)

and/or that include motions of geometry axes not involved in the path between two blocks

which contain a path definition. In particular, orientation changes can also be programmed in

such blocks. The only exception applies to the activation and deactivation of the 3D tool radius

compensation function: Intermediate bocks with orientation changes are not permitted

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

249

3D tool radius compensation

4.1 Function

&RQWDFW SRLQWV

7RRO VXUIDFH

3DWK

3DWK

RIIVHW S

RIIVHW S

7RRO

&XW HGJH RI

3DWK RQ VXUIDFH

3DWK RQ VXUIDFH

ERWK VXUIDFHV

Figure 4-8

Inside corner with face milling (view in direction of longitudinal axis of tool)

Note

The amount by which the contact points deviate from the programmed contour will generally

be small since the explanatory example shown in the Figure, in which the machining point

"changes" the cutter side at an inside corner (the value of the angular difference Ψ about the tool

longitudinal axis between the two contact points on the tool surface is approximately 180°) is

more likely to be the exception (see also the following Figure, on the right). The angle Ψ will

normally stay almost constant so that the distance between the contact points on the tool

surface will be relatively small (see also the following Figure, on the left).

Figure 4-9

Machining at inside corners

The difference between the programmed point on the path and the point actually to be

approached (path offset p) is eliminated linearly over the entire block length. Differences

resulting from inside corners at the block start and block end are overlaid. The current

difference in a path point is always perpendicular to the path and in the surface defined by the

surface normal vector.

If the tool orientation at an inside corner is not constant, the change in orientation is

implemented in the same way as described in Subsection "Behavior at inside corners" for 3D

circumferential milling, i.e. the tool is moved in the corner so that it contacts the two adjacent

surfaces at the block start, block end and at two points ¹/₃ and ²/₃ of the change in orientation.

A 3rd-degree polynomial is used to interpolate between these 4 points.

A variable tool orientation in a block that is shortened owing to an inside corner is also treated

in the same way as described in Subsection "Behavior at inside corners" for 3D milling

(Page 242), i.e. the entire change in orientation is executed in the shortened block.

Consequently, the functional relationship between path tangent, surface normal and tool

orientation also changes. This results in new, previously nonexistent singularities or

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

251

3D tool radius compensation

4.3 Programming

Syntax

G41/G42 ORIC/ORID ISD=... CUT3DC/CUT3DCD CDOF2 X... Y... Z...

G40 X... Y... Z...

Meaning

CUT3DC:

3D TRC for circumferential milling (only when 5-axis transforma-

tion is active)

CUT3DCD:

3D TRC in relation to a differential tool for circumferential milling

(only when 5-axis transformation is active)

The radius difference is specified by the tool parameter $TC_DP15.

G41/G42 X... Y... Z... :

Activate tool radius compensation

G41:

Tool radius compensation left of the contour

G42:

Tool radius compensation right of the contour

Note:

The activation must be performed in a linear block (G0/G1).

CDOF2:

Deactivate collision detection for 3D circumferential milling

ORIC/ORID:

The behavior for orientation changes at outside corners is specified

via the G commands ORIC and ORID.

ORIC:

Orientation changes at outside corners are superim-

posed on the circle block to be inserted.

ORID:

Orientation changes at outside corners are executed

before the circle block to be inserted.

ISD=<Value>:

With the ISD address, the insertion depth of the tool can be

changed for circumferential milling and active 3D tool radius com-

pensation.

<Value>:

Length of the insertion depth

G40 X... Y... Z... :

Deactivate tool radius compensation

Note:

The deactivation must be performed in a linear block (G0/G1) with

geometry axis movements.

Note

The G commands for selecting the 3D TRC are evaluated in the approach block, i.e. typically in

the block that contains G41 or G42.

G41 or G42 can also be programmed in blocks without traversing movement in geometry axes

relevant for the compensation. In this case, the approach block is the first traversing block

following such a block.

A change of the 3D TRC variant with active tool radius compensation is ignored without alarm.

Tools

254

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.3 Programming

Example

Program code

Comment

; Definition of tool D1:

$TC_DP1[1,1]=120

; Type (end mill)

$TC_DP3[1,1]=20

; Length compensation vector

$TC_DP6[1,1]=8

; Radius

N10 X0 Y0 Z0 T1 D1 F12000

; Selection of the tool.

N20 TRAORI(1)

; Activation of the transformation.

N30 G42 ORIC ISD=10 CUT3DC G64 X30

; Activation of the 3D circumferential milling,

; continuous orientation changes at outside corners,

; insertion depth: 10 mm

N40 ORIWKS A30 B15

; Orientation change at a corner through specification of axis po-

sitions.

N50 Y20 A3=1 C3=1

; Traversing block with orientation change,

; specification of the orientation with direction vector.

N60 X50 Y30

; Traversing block with constant orientation.

N70 Y50 A3=0.5 B3=1 C3=5

; Traversing block with orientation change.

N80 M63

; Block without traversing information.

N90 X0 ISD=20

; Traversing block with change of the insertion depth.

N100 G40 Y0

; Deactivation of the tool radius compensation.

N110 M30

Further information

Path and orientation

The type of circumferential milling used here is implemented by defining a path (guide line) and

the associated orientation. In this type of machining, the shape of the tool on the path is not

relevant. Only the radius at the tool intervention point is decisive.

$

%

=

;

<

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

255

3D tool radius compensation

4.3 Programming

① Programmed path

② Milling tool machining point

③ Milling tool reference point

④ Milling tool tip

ISD

Insertion depth (InSertion Depth)

Figure 4-11

Insertion depth

Tool radius compensation referred to a differential tool

3D TRC for circumferential milling referred to a differential tool is activated via the CUT3DCD

command. It should be applied if the programmed contour refers to the center-point path of a

standard tool, and a tool other than a differential tool is used for machining. When calculating

the 3D tool radius compensation, only the wear value of the radius of the active tool ($TC_DP15)

and any programmed tool offsets OFFN and TOFFR/TOFFLR are taken into account. The basic

radius ($TC_DP6) of the active tool is not taken into account.

Pocket milling with inclined side walls for circumferential milling with CUT3DC

In this 3D tool radius compensation, a deviation of the mill radius is compensated by infeed

toward the surface normals to be machined. The plane, in which the milling tool face is located,

remains unchanged if the insertion depth ISD has remained the same. For example, a milling

tool with a smaller radius than a standard tool would not reach the pocket base, which is also the

limitation surface. For automatic tool infeed, this limitation surface must be known to the

control, see Section "3D circumferential milling taking into account a limitation surface

(CUT3DCC, CUT3DCCD) (Page 263)".

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

257

3D tool radius compensation

4.3 Programming

Advanced Surface / Top Surface

Note

When applying tool radius compensation CUT3DCD in combination with the "Advanced Surface"

or "Top Surface" option (requiring a license), the setting recommendations regarding "Advanced

Surface" / "Top Surface" must be observed.

A special test program is provided in the SIOS portal for checking the set data.

→ Test program for Advanced Surface / Top Surface (https://

support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109738423)

4.3.2

Selecting 3D tool radius compensation for the 3D face milling (CUT3DF,

CUT3DFS, CUT3DFF, CUT3DFD)

The 3D tool radius compensation (3D TRC) for the 3D face milling is selected with the modally

effective G command CUT3DF, CUT3DFS, CUT3DFF or CUT3DFD.

The actual activation is performed with G41 or G42

With 3D face milling, the surface normals of the plane to be machined must be defined in order

to calculate the tool radius compensation. This must be performed in the block with G41 or G42

via the A4, B4, C4 and A5, B5, C5 addresses.

The tool radius compensation is deactivated with G40.

Syntax

G41/G42 ORIC/ORID CUT3DF/CUT3DFS/CUT3DFF/CUT3DFD X... Y... Z... A4=... B4=...

C4=... A5=... B5=... C5=

G40 X... Y... Z...

Meaning

CUT3DFS:

3D TRC for face milling with constant orientation. The tool

orientation is defined by G17 - G19 and is not influenced by

frames.

CUT3DFF:

3D TRC for face milling with constant orientation. The tool

orientation is the direction defined by G17 - G19 and, in some

cases, rotated by a frame.

CUT3DF:

3D TRC for face milling with orientation change (only with

active 5-axes transformation)

Tools

258

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.3 Programming

CUT3DFD:

3D TRC in relation to a differential tool for face milling with

change in orientation (only with active 5-axis transformation)

The radius difference is specified by the tool parameter

$TC_DP15.

Note:

CUT3DFD is only possible in combination with "Smoothing of

surface normals in 3D face milling". This is activated by calling

the "Top Surface" function (requires a license) via CY-

CLE832(...).

G41/G42 X... Y... Z... :

Activate tool offset

The behavior with G41 and with G42 is identical for 3D face

milling.

Note:

The activation must be performed in a linear block (G0/G1).

A4/5=... B4/5=... C4/5=...:

Definition of the surface normals of the plane to be machined

A4=... B4=... C4=...:

Definition at start of block

A5=... B5=... C5=...:

Definition at end of block

ORIC/ORID:

The behavior for orientation changes at outside corners is

specified via the G commands ORIC and ORID.

ORIC:

Orientation changes at outside corners are su-

perimposed on the circle block to be inserted.

ORID:

Orientation changes are performed before the

circle block.

G40 X... Y... Z... :

Deactivate tool radius compensation

Note:

The deactivation must be performed in a linear block (G0/G1)

with geometry axis movements.

Note

G41 or G42 can also be programmed in blocks without traversing movement in geometry axes

relevant for the compensation. In this case, the approach block is the first traversing block

following such a block.

A change of the 3D TRC variant with active tool radius compensation is ignored without alarm.

Examples

Example 1: 3D face milling with CUT3DF

Program code

Comment

N10

; Definition of tool D1:

N20 $TC_DP1[1,1]=121

; Tool type (toroidal miller)

N30 $TC_DP3[1,1]=20

; Length compensation

N40 $TC_DP6[1,1]=5

; Radius

N50 $TC_DP7[1,1]=3

; Rounding radius

N60

N70

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

259

3D tool radius compensation

4.3 Programming

Program code

Comment

N80 X0 Y0 Z0 A0 B0 C0 G17 T1 D1 F12000

; Selection of the tool.

N90 TRAORI(1)

; Select orientation transformation.

N100 B4=-1 C4=1

; Definition of the plane.

N110 G41 ORID CUT3DF G64 X10 Y0 Z0

; Activate tool offset.

N120 X30

N130 Y20 A4=1 C4=1

; Outside corner, new plane definition.

N140 B3=1 C3=5

; Change in orientation with ORID.

N150 B3=1 C3=1

; Change in orientation with ORID.

N160 X-10 A5=1 C5=2 ORIC

N170 A3=-2 C3=1

; Change in orientation with ORIC.

N180 A3=-1 C3=1

; Change in orientation with ORIC.

N190 Y-10 A4=-1 C4=3

; New plane definition.

N200 X-20 Y-20 Z10

; Inside corner with previous block.

N210 X-30 Y10 A4=1 C4=1

; Inside corner, new plane definition.

N220 A3=1 B3=0.5 C3=1.7

; Change in orientation with ORIC.

N230 X-20 Y30 A4=1 B4=-2 C4=3 ORID

N240 A3 = 0.5 B3=-0.5 C3=1

; Change in orientation.

N250 X0 Y30 C4=1

; Path movement, new plane,

; orientation with relative programming.

N260 BSPLINE X20 Z15

; Spline begin, relative programming of the orien-

tation

N270 X30 Y25 Z18

; remains active during spline.

N280 X40 Y20 Z13

N290 X45 Y0 PW=2 Z8

N300 Y-20

N310 G2 ORIMKS A30 B45 I-20 X25 Y-40 Z0

; Helix, orientation with axis programming.

N320 G1 X0 A3=-0.123 B3=0.456 C3=2.789 B4=-1 C4=5

; Path movement, orientation, non-constant plane.

B5=-1 C5=2

N330 X-20 G40

; Deactivation of the tool radius compensation.

N340 M30

Example 2: NC program (section) generated from a CAD system with CUT3DFD

Program code

Comment

N01 G710

N03 T="12"

N06 S5305 M03

N07 G642

; Approaching the starting position in the MCS taking the tool length into account.

G00 G90 X-250.62787 Y-38.37944 A=DC(253.12719)

B-12.49543

G00 G90 Z251.80052

; End of positioning in the MCS.

;

Tools

260

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.3 Programming

Program code

Comment

N23 X-248.07130 Y30.15119 Z8.71082

A5=-.060165696 B5=.971048883 C5=-.231179920

A3=-.214177198 B3=.926684940 C3=-.308841625

N24 X-248.07829 Y29.97126 Z8.05094

A5=-.059884286 B5=.968941717 C5=-.239928784

A3=-.213318480 B3=.923853466 C3=-.317789237

N25 X-248.08317 Y29.78487 Z7.38844

A5=-.059584206 B5=.966718449 C5=-.248807482

A3=-.212397895 B3=.920898045 C3=-.326854594

N26 X-248.08578 Y29.59254 Z6.72679

A5=-.059263963 B5=.964380907 C5=-.257793037

A3=-.211418355 B3=.917822366 C3=-.336012474

Note

For 3D face milling with CUT3DFD, the definition of the surface normal is required for activating

the tool offset with G41/G42. Programming of G41/G42 without definition of the surface

normals leads to the output of an alarm.

Further information

3D face milling

For this type of 3D milling, you require the line-by-line description of the 3D paths on the

workpiece surface. The tool shape and dimensions are taken into account in the calculations,

which are normally performed in CAM. The postprocessor writes to the part program - in

addition to NC blocks - the tool orientations (for active 5-axis transformation) and the G

command for the required 3D tool offset. This means that the machine operator has the

possibility of using tools that are slightly smaller - deviating from the tool used to calculate the

NC paths.

Figure 4-12

Face milling

Approach behavior

The approach behavior is always NORM for the 3D variant of the tool radius compensation.

Tools

262

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.3 Programming

CUT3DCCD takes account of a limitation surface for a real differential tool that the programmed

standard tool would define. The NC program defines the center-point path of a standard tool.

CUT3DCC with the use of cylindrical tools takes account of a limitation surface that the

programmed standard tool would have reached. The NC program defines the contour on the

machining surface.

The surface normal vector of the limitation surface is specified with A4, B4, C4 and A5, B5, C5

for 3D face milling.

Syntax

G41/G42 CUT3DCCD/CUT3DCC CDOF2 X... Y... Z... A4=... B4=... C4=... A5=... B5=...

C5=

G40 X... Y... Z...

Meaning

CUT3DCCD:

3D TRC for circumferential milling taking into account a limitation

surface with a differential tool on the tool center-point path: Infeed to

the limitation surface

CUT3DCC:

3D TRC for circumferential milling taking into account a limitation

surface with 3D radius compensation: Contour on the machining

surface

G41/G42 X... Y... Z... :

Activate tool radius compensation

G41:

Tool radius compensation left of the contour

G42:

Tool radius compensation right of the contour

Note:

The activation must be performed in a linear block (G0/G1).

CDOF2:

Deactivate collision detection for 3D circumferential milling

A4/5=... B4/5=...

Definition of the surface normals of the limitation surface

C4/5=...:

A4=... B4=... C4=...:

Definition at start of block

A5=... B5=... C5=...:

Definition at end of block

G40 X... Y... Z... :

Deactivate tool radius compensation

Note:

The deactivation must be performed in a linear block (G0/G1) with

geometry axis movements.

Note

The G commands for selecting the 3D TRC are evaluated in the approach block, i.e. typically in

the block that contains G41 or G42.

G41 or G42 can also be programmed in blocks without traversing movement in geometry axes

relevant for the compensation. In this case, the approach block is the first traversing block

following such a block.

A change of the 3D TRC variant with active tool radius compensation is ignored without alarm.

Tools

264

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.3 Programming

Example: Toroidal miller with reduced radius compared to the standard tool

Tool type

Shaft radius (R)

Corner radius (r)

Standard tool with corner rounding

R = $TC_DP6

r = $TC_DP7

Real tool with corner rounding

R' = $TC_DP6 + $TC_DP15 + OFFN

r' = $TC_DP7 + $TC_DP16

Tool types 121 and 131 toroidal

miller

(end mill with corner rounding)

In this example, both $TC_DP15 + OFFN and $TC_DP16 are negative.

3D TRC with CUT3DCCD: Tool center-point path with infeed up to the limitation surface

If a tool with a smaller radius than the appropriate standard tool is used, machining is continued

using a milling tool, which is fed in in the longitudinal direction until it reaches the bottom (base)

of the pocket. The tool removes as much material from the corner formed by the machining

surface and limitation surface. This involves a machining type combining circumferential and

face milling. Analogous to a tool with reduced radius, for a tool with increased radius, the infeed

is in the opposite direction.

① Standard tool

② Tool with smaller radius infeed up to the limitation surface

③ Limitation surface

④ Machining surface

Contrary to all other tool offsets of G group 22, tool parameter $TC_DP6 specified for CUT3DCCD

has no relevance for the tool radius and does not influence the resulting compensation. The

compensation offset results from the sum of the wear value of the tool radius (tool parameter

$TC_DP15) and a tool offset OFFN programmed to calculate the perpendicular offset to the

limitation surface.

The generated part program does not specify whether the surface to be machined is to the right

or left of the path. It is therefore assumed that the radius is a positive value and the wear value

of the original tool is a negative value. A negative wear value always describes a tool with a

reduced diameter.

Tools

266

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.3 Programming

Using cylindrical tools

When cylindrical tools are used, infeed is only necessary if the machining surface and the surface

of limitation form an acute angle (less than 90 degrees). If a toroidal miller (end mill with corner

rounding) is used, tool infeed in the longitudinal direction is required for both acute and obtuse

angles.

3D TRC with CUT3DCC: Contour on the machining surface

If CUT3DCC is active with a toroidal miller, the programmed path refers to a fictitious cylindrical

milling tool having the same diameter. The resulting path reference point is shown in the

following diagram for a toroidal miller.

5

① Toroidal miller

② Limitation surface

③ Path reference point

④ Machining surface

R

Shaft radius (tool radius)

The angle between the machining and limitation surfaces may change from an acute to an

obtuse angle and vice versa even within the same block.

The tool actually being used may either be larger or smaller than the standard tool. However, the

resulting corner radius must not be negative and the sign of the resulting tool radius must be

kept.

For CUT3DCC, the NC part program refers to the contour on the machining surface. As for

conventional tool radius compensation, the total tool radius is used that comprises the following

components:

• Tool radius (tool parameter $TC_DP6)

• Wear value (tool parameter $TC_DP15)

• A tool offset OFFN programmed to calculate the perpendicular offset to the limitation surface

The position of the limitation surface is defined from the following difference:

Dimensions of the standard tool - tool radius (tool parameter $TC_DP6)

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

267

3D tool radius compensation

4.5 Examples

Advanced Surface / Top Surface

Note

When applying tool radius compensation CUT3DCC / CUT3DCCD in combination with the

"Advanced Surface" or "Top Surface" function (requiring a license), the setting

recommendations regarding "Advanced Surface" / "Top Surface" must be observed. Special test

programs are provided in the SIOS portal for checking the set data.

→ Test program for Advanced Surface / Top Surface (https://

support.industry.siemens.com/cs/ww/en/view/109738423)

4.4

Boundary conditions

Boundary conditions for face milling

Functions with high-order geometry information

Functions with high-order geometry information (e.g. polynomials or spline interpolation)

cannot be used.

Top Surface

3D face milling with CUT3DFD is only possible in conjunction with the "Top Surface" function,

which requires a license.

Bottleneck detection

A "bottleneck detection" is not possible, and therefore the user is solely responsible.

Traversing movements in the orientation direction of the tool

For traversing motion in the orientation direction of the tool, and alarm is displayed and

machining stopped.

4.5

Examples

4.5.1

Example 1: Orientation change at outside corner during 3D circumferential

milling

Orientation change at outside corner with ORIC active

Program code

Comment

N10 A0 B0 X0 Y0 Z0 F5000

N20 T1 D1

; Selection of the tool (radius=5).

Tools

268

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.5 Examples

Program code

Comment

N30 TRAORI(1)

; Activation of transformation.

N40 CUT3DC

; Selection of 3D TRC for circumferential milling.

N50 ORIC

; Orientation changes at outside corners are super-

imposed on the circle block to be inserted.

N60 G42 X10 Y10

; Activation of TRC.

N70 X60

N80 A3=1 B3=0 C3=1

; change in orientation of external corner gener-

ated from N70 and N90

N90 Y60

N100 X10

N110 G40 X0 Y0

; Deactivation of TRC.

N120 M30

The circular motion and change in orientation are executed in parallel in block N80 (ORIC active):

<

2XWVLGH FRUQHU ZLWK FRQVWDQW

RULHQWDWLRQ LQVHUWHG EORFN QRW

SURJUDPPHG

1

1

7RRO LQFOLQHG

1

2XWVLGH FRUQHU ZLWK FRQVWDQW

1

1

RULHQWDWLRQ LQVHUWHG EORFN QRW

SURJUDPPHG

;

7RRO YHUWLFDO

Figure 4-13

ORIC: Change in orientation and path movement in parallel

Special case:

Intermediate blocks without traversing and orientation motions are executed at the

programmed positions, e.g. auxiliary functions.

Example:

Program code

Comment

N70 X60

N75 M20

; auxiliary function call

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

269

3D tool radius compensation

4.5 Examples

<

2XWVLGH FRUQHU ZLWK FRQVWDQW

RULHQWDWLRQ LQVHUWHG EORFN QRW

SURJUDPPHG

1

7RRO LQFOLQHG

1

1

7RRO DW VWDUW SRLQW RI 1

1

1

;

7RRO DW HQG RI 1

7RRO YHUWLFDO

2ULHQWDWLRQ FKDQJH LV SHUIRUPHG LQ

VXFK D ZD\ WKDW WKH WRRO DOZD\V

7RRO DW HQG RI 1

WRXFKHV WKH

HQGSRLQW RI 1

Figure 4-14

ORID: Change in orientation and path movement consecutively

4.5.2

Example 2: Orientation change at inside corner during 3D circumferential

milling

Program code

Comment

N10 A0 B0 X0 Y0 Z0 F5000

N20 T1 D1

; Selection of the tool (radius=5).

N30 TRAORI(1)

; Activation of transformation.

N40 CUT3DC

; Selection of 3D TRC for circumferential milling.

N50 ORID

N60 G42 X10 Y10 G451

; Activation of TRC.

N70 Y60

N80 A3=1 B3=0 C3=1

; change in orientation of inside corner generated

from N70 and N90.

N90 X60 Y90

N100 G40 X... Y...

N190 CDOF

N200 M30

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

271

3D tool radius compensation

4.6 Data lists

4.6

Data lists

4.6.1

General machine data

Number Identifier: $MN_

Description

18094

MM_NUM_CC_TDA_PARAM

Number of TDA data

18096

MM_NUM_CC_TOA_PARAM

Number of TOA data, which can be set up per tool and

evaluated by the CC

18100

MM_NUM_CUTTING_EDGES_IN_TOA

Tool offsets per TOA module

18110

MM_NUM_TOA_MODULES

Number of TOA modules

Tools

272

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

3D tool radius compensation

4.6 Data lists

4.6.2

Channelspecific machine data

Number

Identifier: $MC_

Description

20110

RESET_MODE_MASK

Definition of the control basic setting after power-up and

RESET / part program end

20120

TOOL_RESET_VALUE

Definition of the tool from which the tool length com-

pensation is selected during run-up and upon RESET or

part program end, dependent upon MD 20110.

20130

CUTTING_EDGE_RESET_VALUE

Definition of tool cutting edge for which tool length com-

pensation is selected during power-up or on reset or

parts program end as a function of MD20110

20140

TRAFO_RESET_VALUE

Definition of transformation block which is selected dur-

ing power-up and or RESET or parts program end as a

function of MD20110

20210

CUTCOM_CORNER_LIMIT

Max. angle for intersection calculation with tool radius

compensation

20220

CUTCOM_MAX_DISC

Behavior of the TRC at outside corners

20230

CUTCOM_CURVE_INSERT_LIMIT

Minimum value for intersection calculation with tool ra-

dius compensation

20240

CUTCOM_MAXNUM_CHECK_BLOCKS

Blocks for predictive contour calculation with tool radius

compensation

20250

CUTCOM_MAXNUM_DUMMY_BLOCKS

Number of blocks without traversing motion for tool ra-

dius compensation

20270

CUTTING_EDGE_DEFAULT

Selected cutting edge after tool change

20610

ADD_MOVE_ACCEL_RESERVE

Acceleration reserve for overlaid motions

21080

CUTCOM_PARALLEL_ORI_LIMIT

Minimal angle between path tangent and tool orienta-

tion for 3D-TRC

21082

CUTCOM_PLANE_ORI_LIMIT

Minimal angle between surface normal vector and tool

orientation (for 3D face milling)

21084

CUTCOM_PLANE_PATH_LIMIT

Minimal angle between surface normal vector and path

tangent vector (for 3D face milling)

22550

TOOL_CHANGE_MODE

New tool offset with M function

22560

TOOL_CHANGE_M_CODE

M function for tool change

28291

MM_SMOOTH_SURFACE_NORMALS

Interpolation of the surface normals via polynomials (for

3D face milling)

Tools

Function Manual, 10/2020, 6FC5397-6GP40-0BA1

273

Content      ..     93      94      95      96     ..