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HUAWEI OptiX OSN 8800 T64/T32 Intelligent Optical Transport Platform. Product Overview - part 4

Figure 3-4 Hybrid transmission of 40 Gbit/s and 10 Gbit/s signals in the non-coherent system

10 Gbit/s

OTU

DCM

Client

services

40 Gbit/s

OTU

40 Gbit/s

T: Tributary boards

N: Line boards

3.4.3 Transmission Distance

 For 40 Gbit/s rate in the 40-wavelength system, a maximum of 20 x 22 dB transmission

without electrical regenerator is supported.

 For 40 Gbit/s rate in the 80-wavelength system, a maximum of 18 x 22 dB transmission

without electrical regenerator is supported.

 For 10 Gbit/s rate in the 40-wavelength system, a maximum of 32 x 22 dB transmission

without electrical regenerator is supported.

 For 10 Gbit/s rate in the 80-wavelength system, a maximum of 25 x 22 dB transmission

without electrical regenerator is supported.

 For 2.5 Gbit/s rate, a maximum of 25 x 22 dB transmission without electrical regenerator

is supported.

 For 10 Gbit/s rate system, supports a maximum of 1 x 82 dB single-span ultra

long-distance transmission.

 For the CWDM systems, a maximum of 80 km transmission distance is supported.

Huawei OSN series WDM equipment supports various links or spans based on different

modulation schemes for systems with diversified channel spacing.

Table 3-7 2.5 Gbit/s system span

Channel Spacing

Modulation Scheme

22 dB Span

100 GHz

NRZ

25 x 22 dB

Table 3-8 10 Gbit/s system span

Channel Spacing

Modulation Scheme

22 dB Span

100 GHz

DRZ

32 x 22 dB

NRZ

27 x 22 dB

Channel Spacing

Modulation Scheme

22 dB Span

NRZ (XFP)

27 x 22 dB

50 GHz

DRZ

25 x 22 dB

NRZ

22 x 22 dB

NRZ (XFP)

22 x 22 dB

Table 3-9 40 Gbit/s system span

Channel Spacing

Modulation Scheme

22 dB Span

100 GHz

DQPSK

20 x 22 dB

50 GHz

ODB

8 x 22 dB

DQPSK

18 x 22 dB

3.5 Protection

The OptiX OSN 8800 T32/8800 T64 provides various types of equipment-level protection

and network-level protection.

3.5.1 Equipment Level Protection

The OptiX OSN 8800 T32 and OptiX OSN 8800 T64 provide cross-connect board 1+1

protection, SCC board 1+1 protection, STG board 1+1 protection, inter-subrack

communication protection, DC input protection, redundancy protection for fans and

redundancy protection for optical and performance monitoring boards.

Cross-Connect Board 1+1 Protection

The cross-connect board adopts 1+1 backup. It is recommended that active and standby

cross-connect boards be of the same type.

Service boards receive signals and process overheads. Then, the boards transmit the signals to

the active and the standby cross-connect boards. The active and the standby cross-connect

boards send the data after cross-connection to service boards. Service boards select the data

from the cross-connect boards. Configuration of the active cross-connect board is the same as

the configuration of the standby cross-connect board. The two boards are independent of each

other. Forcible switching can be performed between the two cross-connection boards without

affecting the existing services.

The cross matrix of the active cross-connect board is the same the cross matrix of the standby

cross-connect board. When the standby cross-connect board receives information about

abnormal active cross-connect board or when the NM system issues a switching command,

the standby cross-connect board takes over the work from the active cross-connect board, sets

itself to be in working status, and reports a switching event.

There are two types of switching for the 1+1 protection switching of cross-connect boards:

 Automatic switching

When the service boards detect the abnormal status of cross-connect boards or buses, a

switching is performed automatically. The switching does not need to be performed

manually.

 Manual switching

When a switching is required in a test during the normal running of the active and the

standby cross-connect boards, the switching can be performed manually.

When a switching occurs between the cross-connect boards, a switching also occurs between the active

and standby clock boards.

SCC Board 1+1 Protection

The SCC adopts 1+1 backup.

The service boards receive signals and process overheads. Then, the boards transmit the

overheads to both the active and the standby SCCs. The active and the standby SCCs send the

data after overhead processing to service boards. The service boards select the data according

to the status of SCCs. Configuration of the active SCC is the same as the configuration of the

standby SCC. The two boards are independent of each other.

The communication between SCCs and other boards is performed mainly through Ethernet.

When the status is normal, the data on service boards and the standby SCC is from the active

SCC. There is no inter-board communication between the standby SCC and service boards.

Only when the standby SCC is in the working mode, it has inter-board communication with

other boards.

When the active SCC is in normal status, the standby SCC is in backup status. When the

standby SCC receives information about abnormal active SCC or when the NM system issues

a switching command, the standby SCC takes over the work from the active SCC, sets itself

to be in working status, and reports a switching event.

There are two types of switching for the 1+1 protection switching of SCCs:

 Automatic switching

The SCC detects its own status through hardware or software. If it is in the abnormal

status, a switching is performed automatically. The switching is performed by the board

and no manual operation is required.

 Manual switching

When a switching is required in a test during the normal running of the active and the

standby SCCs, the switching can be performed manually.

STG Board 1+1 Protection

The clock board STG adopts 1+1 backup. The two STGs serve as mutual backups. When both

of them are normal, one of them functions as the active board, and the other functions as the

standby board. Service boards select the clock source according to the status of the two STGs.

When the active STG is faulty, an active/standby switching occurs. Then, the standby STG

becomes active, and the services boards select the clock from the current active STG

according to the status of the two STGs.

Configuration of the active STG is the same as the configuration of the standby STG. The two

boards are independent of each other. When the active clock board is in abnormal state, the

standby clock board automatically takes over the work. Hence, there is no impact on the

normal operation of the equipment.

There are two types of switching for the 1+1 protection switching of STGs:

 Automatic switching

The STG detects its own status through hardware or software. If it is in the abnormal

status, a switching is performed automatically. The switching is performed by the board

and no manual operation is required.

 Manual switching

When a switching is required in a test during the normal running of the active and the

standby STGs, the switching can be performed manually.

When a switching occurs between the clock boards, a switching also occurs between the active and

standby cross-connect boards.

DC Input Protection

The power supply system supports four -48 V/-60 V DC power inputs for mutual backup in

OptiX OSN 8800 T32 subrack. The power supply system adopts the switched-mode power

supply mode for two areas, that is, the blue-slot area and the yellow-slot area, as shown in

Figure 3-5. Each area is configured with a pair of power supplies of mutual backup: one pair

is IU39 and IU45, and the other pair is IU40 and IU46. The normal operation of the

equipment is not affected in the case of failure of any external input -48 V/-60V power supply.

Figure 3-5 shows the two pairs of power supplies of mutual backup.

The power supply system supports eight -48 V/-60 V DC power inputs for mutual backup in

OptiX OSN 8800 T64 subrack. The subrack adopts switched-mode power supply scheme for

four areas which are shown in Figure 3-6. The area has the same color is defined as one area.

Each area is configured with a pair of power supplies in mutual backup: IU69 and IU78, IU70

and IU79, IU80 and IU88, and IU81 and IU89. The normal operation of the equipment is not

affected in the case of failure of any external input -48 V/-60V power supply. Figure 3-6

shows the four pairs of power supplies of mutual backup.

Figure 3-5 Power distribution and supply in 8800 T32 subrack

FAN

IU51

AUX

STG

EFI2

EFI1

PIU

IU43

PIU

STI

ATE

IU37

IU38

IU39

IU40

IU41 IU42

IU44

IU45

IU46

IU47

IU48

OTU

SCC

OTU

IU2

IU28

IU29

IU30

IU31

IU32

IU33

IU34

IU35

IU36

XCH

IU9

IU10

OTU

SCC

OTU

IU11

IU12

IU13

IU14

IU15

IU16

IU17

IU18

IU19

IU1

IU2

IU3

IU4

IU5

IU6

IU7

IU8

FAN

IU50

Figure 3-6 Power distribution and supply in 8800 T64 subrack

Front

Rear

IU91

IU93

SCC

STG

SCC

STG

PIU

EFI2

PIU

STI

ATE

PIU

IU69

IU70

IU71

IU74

IU75

IU78

IU79

IU80

IU81

IU82

IU85

IU86

IU87

IU88

IU89

XCT

SXM

XCT

SXM

IU90

IU92

Redundancy Protection for Fans

In the OptiX OSN 8800 T32 system, each subrack has two fan areas. In the OptiX OSN 8800

T64 system, each subrack has four fan areas. And each fan area has three fans for heat

dissipation. The speed of each fan can be adjusted independently and the failure of any fan

does not affect the other fans.

Inter-Subrack Communication Protection

Subracks of an NE can be cascaded in various modes. When subracks are cascaded to form a

ring, the NE provides working and protection Ethernet communication channels for

communication between the master and slave subracks. In this case, when the working

channel is faulty, services are switched to the protection channel, achieving protection for

inter-subrack communication.

3.5.2 Network Level Protection

OptiX OSN 8800 T32/8800 T64 provides various network protection schemes, including

WDM protection schemes and a great variety of data service protection schemes.

The security and survivability of a network can be further enhanced through an automatic

switched optical network (ASON), which is generally referred to as intelligent optical

network.

As a main networking mode of ASON, mesh features high flexibility and scalability. On a

mesh network, to make the interrupted services available, you can immediately restore the

services through the rerouting mechanism in addition to the traditional protection scheme

such as 1+1 protection and shared protection scheme such as ODUk SPRing. That is, the

mesh network can support traditional protection schemes, dynamic restoration of services, and

service restoration mechanisms in case of protection failures. In this manner, services are not

interrupted if the resources are available.

WDM Protection

The OptiX OSN 8800 T32/8800 T64 provides various types of WDM protection, as listed in

Table 3-10.

For principles of the protections, refer to the Feature Description.

Table 3-10 WDM protection

Category

Sub-Category

Description

Optical line

It uses the dual fed and selective receiving function of

protection

the OLP board to protect line fibers between adjacent

stations by using diverse routing.

Optical

Client-side 1+1

It uses the dual fed and selective receiving function of

channel

protection

the OLP/DCP/SCS board to protect the OTU and the

protection

OCh fibers.

Intra-board

It uses the dual fed and selective receiving function of

1+1 protection

the OTU/OLP/DCP board to protect the OCh fibers by

using diverse routing.

SNCP

SW SNCP

The intra-board cross-connections on the TOM board

implement the dual fed and selective receiving function.

Category

Sub-Category

Description

Protection

In this manner, the SW SNCP protection protects the

OCh fiber.

ODUk SNCP

It uses the dual fed and selective receiving function of

protection

the electrical layer grooming to protect the line board

and the OCh fibers. The cross-connect granularity is

ODU0 signals, ODU1 signals, ODU2 signals and ODU3

signals.

Tributary

Protects the tributary service by using the dual-fed and

SNCP

selectively-receiving function at the electrical

cross-connect layer. The cross-connect granularity is

ODU0 signals, ODU1 signals, ODU2 signals and ODU3

signals.

VLAN SNCP

Uses the dual-fed selective receiving function of a L2

protection

module to protect Ethernet services. The protection

granularity is the service with VLAN.

ODUk

ODUk SPRing

It applies to the ring network with distributed services.

SPRing

protection

This protection uses two different ODU1 or ODU2

protection

channels to achieve the protection of multiple services

between all stations.

OWSP

It applies to the ring networks. This protection uses two

different wavelengths to achieve the protection of one

wavelength of service between all stations.

ASON

Optical-layer

Protects services of OCh wavelength level.

protection

ASON

Electrical-layer

Protects services of ODUk wavelength level.

ASON

SDH Protection

The OptiX OSN 8800 T32/8800 T64 provides various types of SDH protection, as listed in

Table 3-11.

For details on the working principle of each type of protection, see the Feature Description.

Table 3-11 Service protection classifications

Category

Subcategory

Description

Linear MSP

1+1 linear MSP

It realizes dual transmitting and selective

receiving by using two fibers. In this manner, it

provides protection for the services on the link.

1:N (N ≤ 14) linear

It protects services by providing one protection

MSP

fiber for N working fibers.

MSP Ring

Two-fiber

In this protection mode, half of the capacity of

bidirectional MSP

the fibers in each transmission direction is

Category

Subcategory

Description

ring

assigned to the service channel, and the other

half of the capacity is assigned for the

protection channel. The service timeslot and

protection timeslot in each direction are

transmitted over the same fiber. That is, the

service signals and protection signals are

transmitted at the same time over the same

fiber.

Four-fiber

In this protection mode, two fibers are used in

bidirectional MSP

the transmit and protection directions. One of

ring

the fibers in each direction is used to transmit

the working service, and the other fiber is used

to transmit the protection service.

Transoceanic MSP

A transoceanic MSP ring can be a two-fiber bidirectional MS shared

Ring

protection ring or a four-fiber bidirectional MS shared protection

ring. When the network fails, the ring path is switched between the

source and sink nodes of the service rather than on two adjacent

nodes of the failed node to avoid multiple transoceanic events of the

services, which increase the delay of transmission in the long-haul

transmission network (for example, the marine system).

SNCP

In this protection mode, the service protection is implemented by

means of dual transmitting and selective receiving. That is, the

services are dual transmitted at the source but selectively received at

the sink.

Sub-network

The SNCTP provides the protection path at the VC-4 level. When the

connection tunnel

working path is faulty, all its services are switched to the protection

protection

path.

(SNCTP)

Ethernet protection

Ethernet ring

This protection type is based on the traditional

protection

Ethernet mechanism and uses the Ethernet

operation, administration, and maintenance

(OAM) function and ring network automatic

protection switching (R-APS) protocol to

realize quick protection switching in the

Ethernet ring network.

LCAS

This protection type dynamically adjusts the

number of virtual containers required for

service mapping to provide protection for

virtually concatenated services.

LAG

In this protection mode, multiple links that are

connected to the same equipment are bundled

together to increase the bandwidth and improve

link reliability.

STP/RSTP

When the STP or RSTP is started, it logically

modifies the network topology to avoid a

broadcast storm. The STP or RSTP realizes

link protection by restructuring the topology.

Category

Subcategory

Description

MSTP

In the case of the Ethernet user network where

loops exist, the MSTP generates the tree

topology according to VLAN IDs of the

Ethernet packets. Thus, the broadcast storm is

avoided and the network traffic is balanced

according to the VLAN IDs of the Ethernet

packets.

DLAG

The distributed link aggregation group

(DLAG) is a board-level port protection

technology used to detect unidirectional fiber

cuts and to negotiate with the opposite end. In

the case of a link down failure on a port or a

hardware failure on a board, the services can

automatically be switched to the slave board,

thus realizing 1+1 protection for the

inter-board ports.

ASON protection

Protects services of STM-N, VC-4, VC-3.

Data Protection

The OptiX OSN 8800 T32/8800 T64 provides various types of data protection, as listed in

Table 3-12.

For details on the working principle of each type of protection, see the Feature Description.

Table 3-12 Data protection

Protect

Description

ion

DBPS

DBPS protection works with Ethernet ring protection to protect the links

protecti

between Ethernet boards and BRAS, and also protect services at 10GE and GE

ports on Ethernet boards.

Etherne

Based on the traditional Ethernet mechanism and APS protocol specific to a ring

t ring

network, Ethernet ring protection achieves fast protection switching of an

protecti

Ethernet ring network.

LAG

An LAG binds multiple links on the same equipment, increasing the bandwidth

and improving link reliability.

STP

When the STP or RSTP is running, it modifies the logical network topology to

and

avoid a broadcast storm. The RSTP can achieve link protection by restructuring

RSTP

the network topology.

MSTP

In the case of a user Ethernet network with a loop, MSTP can generate a tree

topology by VLAN IDs of Ethernet packets to avoid a broadcast storm, and can

also achieve load sharing by VLAN IDs of user packets.

LPT

The link state pass through (LPT) is used to detect and report the faults that

Protect

Description

ion

occur at the service access node and in the intermediate transmission network.

The LPT notifies the equipment at two ends in the transmission network of

starting the backup network at the earliest time for communication, thus making

sure the normal transmission of the important data.

3.6 Data Characteristics

The OptiX OSN 8800 T32/8800 T64 supports the Ethernet features and mainly supports the

following Ethernet services: EPL, EVPL (QinQ), and EPLAN.

3.6.1 OAM

The OptiX OSN 8800 T32/8800 T64 provides rich OAM functions to monitor services, detect

faults, and identify faults at each service layer.

ETH-OAM

ETH-OAM improves the Ethernet Layer 2 maintenance method and provides powerful

maintenance functions for service connectivity verification, deployment commissioning, and

network fault location.

The ETH-OAM is a protocol based on the MAC layer. It checks Ethernet links by

transmitting OAM protocol packets. The protocol is independent from the transmission

medium. The OAM packets are processed only at the MAC layer, having no impact on other

layers on the Ethernet. In addition, as a low-rate protocol, the ETH-OAM protocol occupies

low bandwidth. Therefore, this protocol does not affect services carried on the link.

Comparison between ETH-OAM and the maintenance and fault locating method on the

existing network:

 The current frame test method is based on only the encapsulation format where the same

type of data is contained. This test method is not applicable to other encapsulation

formats (such as GFP encapsulation format and HDLC encapsulation format) where

different types of data is contained.

 The current port loopback function focuses on all packets at the port. The loopback

cannot be performed for a specific service selectively.

 ETH-OAM can detect hardware faults.

 ETH-OAM can detect and locate faults automatically.

Huawei Ethernet service processing boards realize the ETH-OAM function that complies with

IEEE 802.1ag and IEEE 802.3ah. The combination of IEEE 802.1ag and IEEE 802.3ah

provides a complete Ethernet OAM solution.

The IEEE 802.1ag OAM function can be achieved through the continuity test, loopback test,

link trace test, and OAM_Ping test.

 The link trace (LT) test is used to locate the faulty point.

 The loopback (LB) is used to test the link state bidirectionally.

 The continuity check (CC) is used to test the link state unidirectionally.

 The OMA_Ping test is used to test the in-service packet loss ratio and hold-off time.

IEEE 802.3ah OAM is realized through the OAM auto-discovery, link performance detection,

fault locating, remote loopback, self-loop test, and loop port shutdown.

 The OAM auto-discovery is used to check whether the opposite end supports the IEEE

802.3ah OAM protocol.

 The link performance monitoring is used to monitor the BER performance.

 The fault detection is used to detect faults and inform the opposite end of the detected

faults.

 The remote loopback is used to locate fault test the link performance.

 The self-loop test is used to test the self-loop ports.

 The loop port shutdown is used to block self-loop ports to solve the port loop problems.

RMON

Remote monitoring (RMON) is intended to monitor performance of Ethernet ports (ports and

VCTRUNK) and collect performance data for fault detection and performance reporting.

RMON supports Ethernet statistics groups and history Ethernet groups as follows:

 Ethernet statistics group: supports real-time statistics and query of packet length and

packet status at an Ethernet port.

 History Ethernet group: supports statistics and query of history performance data such as

packet length and packet status at an Ethernet port. This enables a user to query the

history statistics data at an Ethernet port in a given period.

Test Frame

Test frames are data packets used to test connectivity of a network that carries Ethernet

services. Test frames are mainly used to commission Ethernet services during deployment and

identify faults of Ethernet services.

Test frames can be encapsulated in GFP packets. The test frames on interconnected boards

must be encapsulated in the same format.

 GFP packets: GFP management frame format. The packets are sent along the same path

as GFP management frames.

3.7 Optical Power Management

The optical power management includes IPA, IPA of Raman System, IPA of PID, ALC, APE ,

EAPE, OPA and AGC.

With the IPA, IPA of Raman System, IPA of PID, ALC, APE, EAPE, OPA and AGC functions,

the WDM equipment of Huawei OSN series provides optical power equalization of all

channels, groups of channels and a particular channel.

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