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SINUMERIK 840D sl. Service - Functions. Manual (2018-2020) - page 46

Protection areas

6.1 Function

The protection zone definitions are stored in the following files:

File

Blocks

_N_NCK_PRO

Data block for machine-specific protection zones

_N_CHAN1_PRO

Data block for channel-specific protection zones in channel 1

_N_CHAN2_PRO

Data block for channel-specific protection zones in channel 2

Data backup

The protection zone definitions are saved in the following files:

File

Blocks

_N_INITIAL_INI

All data blocks of the protection zones

_N_COMPLETE_PRO

All data blocks of the protection zones

_N_CHAN_PRO

All data blocks of the channel-specific protection zones

Activating, preactivating and deactivating protection zones

Activation state

The activation state of a protection zone can have the following values:

• Activated

• Preactivated

• Preactivated with conditional stop

• Deactivated

The activation state is always channel-specific even for machine specific protection zones.

Activating, preactivating and deactivating in the part program

The activation state of a protection zone can be changed in the part program at any time using

commands (see "Activating/deactivating protection zones (CPROT, NPROT) (Page 120)").

Note

A protection zone is only taken into account after the referencing of all geometry axes of the

channel in which it has been activated.

Protection zones that are to be activated at a later time from the PLC user program (see below)

must be preactivated in the part program:

Preactivated protection zones are displayed via the following NC/PLC interface signals:

• DB21, ... DBX272.0 - 273.1 (machine-specific protection zone 1 - 10 preactivated) == 1

• DB21, ... DBX274.0 - 275.1 (channel-specific protection zone 1 - 10 preactivated) ==== 1

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6.1 Function

Preactivated with conditional stop

NOTICE

Protection zone violation possible

If a preactivated protection zone with conditional stop is not activated in good time, the NC may

no longer be able to stop before the protection zone in good time because the braking distance

after the activation point has not been taken into account.

In the case of a preactivated protection zone with conditional stop, a traversing motion is not

stopped before this if the traversing motion goes into the protection zone. A stop is only

performed when the protection zone has been activated. This behavior is to enable

uninterrupted machining controlled by the user when the protection zone is only required

temporarily.

Activating using NC/PLC interface signals

Only protection zones that have been preactivated via the part program can be activated in the

PLC user program via the NC/PLC interface signals:

• DB21, ... DBX8.0 - 9.1 (activate machine-specific protection zone 1 - 10 ) = 1

• DB21, ... DBX10.0 - 11.1 (activate channel-specific protection zone 1 - 10) = 1

The activation of preactivated protection zones must be performed prior to the traversing

motion of the geometry axes! If the activation is performed during the traversing motion, these

protection zones are not taken into account in the current traversing motion. Response:

• Alarm "10704 "Protection zone monitoring is not guaranteed"

• DB21, ... DBX39.0 (protection-zone monitoring not guaranteed) = 1

Note

The activation of preactivated protection zones must be performed prior to the traversing

motion of the geometry axes!

Deactivating using NC/PLC interface signals

Only protection zones that have been preactivated via a part program and activated via the NC/

PLC interface signals, can be deactivated again via the NC/PLC interface signals:

• DB21, ... DBX8.0 to DBX9.1 (activate machine-specific protection zone 1 - 10 ) = 0

• DB21, ... DBX10.0 to DBX11.1 (activate channel-specific protection zone 1 - 10) = 0

Protection zones that have been activated directly via a part program cannot be deactivated

from the PLC user program.

Automatic deactivation for transformation change/geometry axis interchange

In the default setting, when changing a transformation, or for a geometry axis interchange, the

active protection zones are automatically deactivated. On the other hand, if active protection

zones should remain active, then the bit-coded machine data MD10618

$MN_PROTAREA_GEOAX_CHANGE_MODE must be correspondingly adapted (see "Machine

data (Page 116)").

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Protection areas

6.2 Commissioning

6.2

Commissioning

6.2.1

Machine data

Memory requirements

The memory required for protection zones is parameterized via the following machine data:

• Persistent memory

- MD18190 $MN_MM_NUM_PROTECT_AREA_NCK (number of available machine-specific

protection zones)

- MD28200 $MC_MM_NUM_PROTECT_AREA_CHAN (number of available channel-specific

protection zones)

• Dynamic memory

- MD28210 $MC_MM_NUM_PROTECT_AREA_ACTIVE (maximum number of protection

zones that can be activated simultaneously in the channel)

- MD28212 $MC_MM_NUM_PROTECT_AREA_CONTUR (maximum number of definable

contour elements per protection zone)

Response for a transformation change/geometry axis interchange

The following machine data can be used to define as to whether, when changing a

transformation or for a geometry axis interchange, active protection zones should be kept or

deactivated:

MD10618 $MN_PROTAREA_GEOAX_CHANGE_MODE

Bit

Value

Meaning

0

0

The active protection zones are deactivated during the transformation change.

1

The active protection zones remain active during the transformation change.

1

0

The active protection zones are deactivated during the geometry axis change.

1

The active protection zones remain active during the geometry axis change.

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Protection areas

6.3 Programming

6.3

Programming

6.3.1

Defining protection zones (CPROTDEF, NPROTDEF)

Protection zones, which protect machine elements against collisions, are defined in the part

program in blocks. These contain the following elements:

1. Definition of the machining plane

Before the actual protection zone definition, the machining plane must be selected, to which

the contour description of the protection zone refers.

2. Start of the definition

Depending on the particular NC command, either a channel-specific or machine-specific

protection zone is created.

3. Contour description of the protection zone

The contour of a protection zone is defined with traversing motion. These are not executed

and have no connection to previous or subsequent geometry descriptions. They only define

the protection zone.

4. End of definition

Syntax

DEF INT <Var>

G17/G18/G19

CPROTDEF/NPROTDEF(<n>,<t>,<AppLim>,<AppPlus>,<AppMinus>)

G0/G1/... X/Y/Z

EXECUTE(<Var>)

Meaning

DEF INT <Var>:

Definition of a local help variable, of the INTEGER data type

<Var>:

Name of the Help variable

G17/G18/G19:

Machining plane

Note:

It is not permissible to change the machining plane before the

end of the definition. Programming the applicate is not permit-

ted between start and end of the definition.

CPROTDEF():

Predefined procedure to define a channel-specific protection

zone

NPROTDEF():

Predefined procedure to define a machine-specific protection

zone

<n>:

Number of defined protection zone

Data type:

INT

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6.3 Programming

<t>:

Type of protection zone

Data type:

BOOL

Value:

TRUE

Tool-related protection zone

FALSE

Workpiece-related protection zone

<AppLim>:

Type of limitation in the third dimension

Data type:

INT

Value:

0

No limitation

1

Limit in plus direction

2

Limit in minus direction

3

Limit in positive and negative direction

<AppPlus>:

Value of the limit in the positive direction in the 3rd dimension

Data type:

REAL

<AppMinus>:

Value of the limit in the negative direction in the 3rd dimension

Data type:

REAL

G0/G1/... X/Y/Z

:

The contour of a protection zone is specified with up to 11 tra-

versing movements in the selected machining plane. The first

traversing movement is the movement to the contour. The last

point in the contour description must always coincide with the

first point of the contour description.

The valid protection zone is the zone left of the contour:

• Internal protection zone

The contour of an internal protection zone must described in

the counterclockwise direction.

• External protection zones (permitted only for workpiece-re-

lated protection zones)

The contour for an external protection zone must be descri-

bed in the clockwise direction.

The following contour elements are permissible:

• G0, G1 for straight contour elements

• G2 for circle segments in the clockwise direction

Permissible only for workpiece-related protection zones. Not

permissible for tool-related protection zones because they

must be convex.

• G3 for circular segments in the counter-clockwise direction

Note:

A protection zone cannot be described by a complete circle. A

complete circle must be divided into two semicircles.

Note:

The sequence G2 → G3 or G3 → G2 is not permissible! A short G1

block must be inserted between the two circular blocks.

EXECUTE(<Var>):

Predefined procedure that marks the end of the definition

A switch is made back to normal program processing

with EXECUTE.

Example

See example under "Activating/deactivating protection zones (CPROT, NPROT) (Page 120)".

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6.3 Programming

Additional information

Machine-specific protection zones

A machine-specific protection zone or its contour is defined using the geometry axis, i.e.

referenced to the basic coordinate system (BCS) of a channel. In order that correct protection-

zone monitoring can take place in all channels in which the machine-specific protection zone is

active, the basic coordinate system (BCS) of all of the channels involved must be identical:

• position of the coordinate origin referred to the machine zero

• Orientation of the coordinate axes

Reference point for contour description

• Tool-related protection zones

Coordinates for tool-related protection zones must be specified as absolute values referred

to the tool holder reference point F.

• Workpiece-related protection zones

Coordinates for workpiece-related protection zones must be specified as absolute values

referred to the zero point of the basic coordinate system (BCS).

Protection zones symmetrical around the center of rotation

For protection zones symmetrical around the axis or rotation (e.g. spindle chuck), you must

describe the complete contour and not only the contour up to the center of rotation.

Tool-related protection zones

Tool-related protection zones must always be convex. If a concave protected zone is desired, this

should be subdivided into several convex protection zones.

)

① Convex protection zones

② Concave protection zones (not permissible!)

F

Toolholder reference point

General conditions

During the definition of a protection zone, the following functions must not be active or used:

• Tool radius compensation (cutter radius compensation, tool nose radius compensation)

• Transformation

• Reference point approach (G74)

• Fixed point approach (G75)

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Protection areas

6.3 Programming

• Dwell time (G4)

• Block search stop (STOPRE)

• End of program (M17, M30)

• M functions: M0, M1, M2

6.3.2

Activating/deactivating protection zones (CPROT, NPROT)

Protection zones previously defined in the part program can be activated at any time - or can be

preactivated for subsequent activation by the PLC user program. Active protection zones can be

deactivated at any time.

When activating or preactivating, it is also possible to relatively shift the reference point of the

protection zone.

Note

A protection zone is only taken into account after the referencing of all geometry axes of the

channel in which it has been activated.

Note

Monitoring protection zones

If a tool-related protection area is not active, the tool path is checked against the workpiece-

related protection zones.

If no workpiece-oriented protection zone is active, then there is no protection zone monitoring.

Syntax

CPROT(<n>,<Status>,<XMov>,<YMov>,<ZMov>)

NPROT(<n>,<Status>,<XMov>,<YMov>,<ZMov>)

Meaning

CPROT:

Predefined procedure to activate a channel-specific protection zone

NPROT:

Predefined procedure to activate a machine-specific protection

zone

<n>:

Number of the protection zone

Data type:

INT

<Status>:

The channel-specific activation status is set using this parameter

Data type:

INT

Value:

0

Deactivate protection zone

1

Preactivate protection zone

2

Activate protection zone

3

Preactivate protection zone with conditional

stop

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6.3 Programming

<XMov>,<YMov>,<ZMov>:

Additive offset values in the X/Y/Z direction

The offset can take place in 1, 2, or 3 dimensions. The offset values

refer to:

• The machine zero for a workpiece-related protection zone

• The tool carrier reference point F for a tool-specific protection

zone

Data type:

REAL

Example

Possible collision of a milling cutter with the measuring probe is to be monitored on a milling

machine. The position of the measuring probe is to be defined by an offset when the function is

activated.

The following protection zones are defined for this:

• A machine-specific and a workpiece-related protection zone for both the measuring probe

holder (n-PZ1) and the measuring probe itself (n-PZ2).

• A channel-specific and a tool-related protection zone for the milling cutter holder (c-PZ1), the

cutter shank (c-PZ2) and the milling cutter itself (c-PZ3).

The orientation of all protection zones is in the Z direction.

The position of the reference point of the measuring probe on activation of the function must

be X = -120, Y = 60 and Z = 80.

Q 3=

Q 3=

)

F 3=

F 3=

=

š

F 3=

;

š

① Name for the protection zone of the probe

F

Toolholder reference point

Program code

Comment

DEF INT PROTZONE

; Definition of a Help variable

G17

; machining plane XY

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6.3 Programming

Meaning

CALCPOSI(...):

Predefined function for testing limit violations regarding the geometry axes

Preprocessing stop:

No

Alone in the block:

Yes

<status>:

Function return value. Negative values indicate error states.

(Part 1)

Data type:

INT

Value range:

-8 ≤ x ≤ 100000

Value:

0

The distance can be traversed completely.

-1

At least one component is negative in <Limit>.

-2

Error in a transformation calculation.

Example: The traversing distance passes through a singularity

so that the axis positions cannot be defined.

-3

The specified traversing distance <Dist> and the maximum

possible traversing distance <MaxDist> are linearly depend-

ent.

Note

Can only occur in conjunction with <TestLim>, bit 4 == 1.

-4

The projection of the traversing direction contained in <Dist>

on to the limitation surface is the zero vector, or the traversing

direction is perpendicular to the violated limitation surface.

Note

Can only occur in conjunction with <TestLim>, bit 5 == 1.

-5

In <TestLim>, bit 4 == 1 AND bit 5 == 1

-6

At least one machine axis that has to be considered for check-

ing the traversing limits has not been referenced.

-7

Collision avoidance function: Invalid definition of the kine-

matic chain or the protection zones.

-8

Collision avoidance function: This command cannot be exe-

cuted because of insufficient memory.

<status>:

Units digit

(Part 2)

Note

If several limits are violated simultaneously, the limit with the greatest restriction on

the specified traversing distance is signaled.

Value:

1

Software limit switches are limiting the traversing distance

2

Working area limits are limiting the traversing distance

3

Protection zones are limiting the traversing distance

4

Collision avoidance function: Protection zones are limiting the

traversing path

Tens digit

Value:

1x

The initial value violates the limit

2x

The specified straight line violates the limit.

This value is returned even if the end point does not violate

any limit itself, but the path from the starting point to the end

point would cause a limit value to be violated (e.g. by passing

through a protection zone, curved software limit switches in

the WCS for non-linear transformations, e.g. transmit).

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6.3 Programming

<status>:

Hundreds digit

(Part 3)

Value:

1xx

AND units digit == 1 or 2:

The positive limit value has been violated.

AND units digit == 3 ¹⁾:

An NC-specific protection zone has been violated.

2xx

AND units digit == 1 or 2:

The negative limit value has been violated.

AND units digit == 3 ¹⁾:

A channel-specific protection zone is violated.

<status>:

Thousands digit

(Part 4)

Value:

1xxx

AND units digit == 1 or 2:

Factor with which the axis number is multiplied that violates

the limit. Numbering of the axes begins with 1.

Reference:

• Software limit switches: Machine axes

• Working area limitation: Geometry axes

AND units digit == 3 ¹⁾:

Factor with which the number of the violated protection zone

is multiplied.

<status>:

Hundred thousands digit

(Part 5)

Value:

0xxxxx

Hundred thousands digit == 0: <Dist> remains unchanged

1xxxxx

A direction vector is returned in <Dist>, which defines the

further motion direction on the limitation surface.

Can only occur with the following supplementary conditions:

• Software limit switch or working area limit violated (not in

the starting point)

• A transformation is not active

• <TestID>, bit 4 or bit 5 == 1

<Start>:

Reference to a vector with the start positions:

• <Start> [0]: 1st geometry axis

• <Start> [1]: 2nd geometry axis

• <Start> [2]: 3rd geometry axis

Parameter type:

Input

Data type:

VAR REAL [3]

Value range:

-max. REAL value ≤ x[<n>] ≤ +max. REAL value

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Protection areas

6.3 Programming

<Dist>:

Reference to a vector.

Input: Incremental traversing distance

• <Dist> [0]: 1st geometry axis

• <Dist> [1]: 2nd geometry axis

• <Dist> [2]: 3rd geometry axis

Output (only for set hundred thousands digit in <Status>):

<Dist> contains a unit vector v as output value which defines the further tra-

versing direction in the WCS.

Case 1: Formation of vector v for <TestID>, bit 4 == 1

The input vectors <Dist> and <MaxDist> span the motion plane. This plane is

cut by the violated limitation surface. The intersecting line of the two planes

defines the direction of vector v.The orientation (sign) is selected so that the

angle between the input vector <MaxDist> and v is not greater than 90 de-

grees.

Case 2: Formation of vector v for <TestID>, bit 5 == 1

Vector v is the unit vector in the projection direction of the traversing vector

contained in <Dist> on the limitation surface. If the projection of the traversing

vector on the limitation surface is the zero vector, an error is returned.

Parameter type:

Input/output

Data type:

VAR REAL [3]

Value range:

-max. REAL value ≤ x[<n>] ≤ +max. REAL value

<Limit>:

Reference to an array of length 5.

• <Limit> [0 - 2]: Minimum clearance of the geometry axes to the limits:

- <Limit> [0]: 1st geometry axis

- <Limit> [1]: 2nd geometry axis

- <Limit> [2]: 3rd geometry axis

The minimum clearances are observed with:

- Working area limitation: No restrictions

- Software limit switches: If no transformation is active, or a transformation is

active in which a clear assignment of the geometry axes to the linear ma-

chine axes is possible, e.g. 5-axis transformations.

• <Limit> [3]: Contains the minimum clearance for linear machine axes which, for

example, cannot be assigned a geometry axis because of a non-linear transfor-

mation. This value is also used as limit value for the monitoring of the conven-

tional protection zones and the collision avoidance protection zones.

• <Limit> [4]: Contains the minimum clearance for rotary machine axes which,

for example, cannot be assigned a geometry axis because of a non-linear trans-

formation.

Note

This value is only active for the monitoring of the software limit switches for

special transformations.

Parameter type:

Input

Data type:

VAR REAL [5]

Value range:

-max. REAL value ≤ x[n] ≤ +max. REAL value

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6.3 Programming

<MaxDist>:

Reference to a vector with the incremental traversing distance in which the speci-

fied minimum clearance of an axis limit is not violated by any of the relevant ma-

chine axes:

• <Dist> [0]: 1st geometry axis

• <Dist> [1]: 2nd geometry axis

• <Dist> [2]: 3rd geometry axis

If the traversing distance is not restricted, the contents of this return parameter are

the same as the contents of <Dist>.

For <TestID>, bit 4 == 1: <Dist> and <MaxDist>

<MaxDist> and <Dist> must contain vectors as input values that span a motion

plane. The two vectors must be mutually linearly independent. The absolute value

of <MaxDist> is arbitrary. For the calculation of the motion direction, see the de-

scription for <Dist>.

Parameter type:

Output

Data type:

VAR REAL [3]

Value range:

-max. REAL value ≤ x[<n>] ≤ +max. REAL value

<MeasSys>:

Measuring system (inch/metric) for position and distance specifications (optional)

Data type:

BOOL

Value:

FALSE

System of units corresponding to the currently active G com-

mand from the G group 13 (G70, G71, G700, G710).

(De-

fault)

Note

If G70 is active and the basic system is metric (or G71 is active

and the basic system is inch), the system variables $AA_IW

and $AA_MW are provided in the basic system and, if used,

must be converted for CALCPOSI.

TRUE

System of units according to the set basic system:

MD52806 $MN_ISO_SCALING_SYSTEM

<TestLim>:

Bit-coded selection of the limits to be monitored (optional)

Data type:

INT

Default value:

Bits 0, 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 == 1 (207)

Bit

Decimal

Meaning

0

1

Software limit switch

1

2

Working area limitation

2

4

Activated conventional protection zones

3

8

Preactivated conventional protection zones

4

16

With violated software limit switches or working area limits in

<Dist>, return the traversing direction as in Case 1 (see

above).

5

32

With violated software limit switches or working area limits in

<Dist>, return the traversing direction as in Case 2 (see

above).

6

64

Activated collision avoidance protection zones

7

128

Preactivated collision avoidance protection zones

8

256

Pairs of activated and preactivated collision avoidance protec-

tion zones

¹⁾ If several protection zones are violated, the protection zone with the greatest restriction on the speci-

fied traversing distance is returned.

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Protection areas

6.3 Programming

Example

Limitations

<

6RIWZDUH OLPLW VZLWFK

&

1

1

:RUNLQJ DUHD OLPLWDWLRQ

1

1

1

&

;

1

1

In the example, the active software limit switches and working area limits in the X-Y plane and

the following three protection zones are displayed:

• C2: Tool-related, channel-specific protection zone, active, circular, radius = 2 mm

• C4: Workpiece-related, channel-specific protection zone, preactivated, square, side length =

10 mm

• N3: Machine-specific protection zone, active, rectangular, side length = 10 mm x 15 mm

NC program

The protection zones and working area limits are defined first in the NC program. The

CALCPOSI() function is then called with different parameter assignments.

Program code

N10 DEF REAL _START[3]

N20 DEF REAL _DIST[3]

N30 DEF REAL _LIMIT[5]

N40 DEF REAL _MAXDIST[3]

N50 DEF INT _PA

N60 DEF INT _STATUS

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6.3 Programming

Program code

N540 _STATUS = CALCPOSI(_START, _DIST, _LIMIT, _MAXDIST,, 6)

N550 _START[0] = 27.

N560 _START[1] = 17.1

N570 _START[2] =

0.

N580 _DIST[0] =-27.

N590 _DIST[1] =

0.

N600 _DIST[2] =

0.

N610 _LIMIT[3] = 2.

N620 _STATUS = CALCPOSI(_START, _DIST, _LIMIT, _MAXDIST,,12)

N630 _START[0] = 0.

N640 _START[1] = 0.

N650 _START[2] = 0.

N660 _DIST[0] =

0.

N670 _DIST[1] = 30.

N680 _DIST[2] =

0.

N690 TRANS X10

N700 AROT Z45

N710 _STATUS = CALCPOSI(_START,_DIST, _LIMIT, _MAXDIST)

; delete frames from N690 and N700 again

N720 TRANS

N730 _START[0] =

0.

N740 _START[1] = 10.

N750 _START[2] =

0.

; vectors_DIST and _MAXDIST define the motion plane

N760 _DIST[0] = 30.

N770 _DIST[1] = 30.

N780 _DIST[2] =

0.

N790 _MAXDIST[0] = 1.

N800 _MAXDIST[1] = 0.

N810 _MAXDIST[2] = 1.

N820 _STATUS = CALCPOSI(_START, _DIST, _LIMIT, _MAXDIST,,17)

N830 M30

Results of CALCPOSI()

N...

<status>

<MaxDist>[0] ≙ X

<MaxDist>[1] ≙ Y

Remarks

420

3123

8.040

4.594

N3 is violated.

430

1122

20.000

11.429

No protection zone monitoring,

working area limitation is violated.

440

1121

30.000

17.143

Only software limit monitoring is still active.

510

4213

0.000

0.000

Starting point violates C4

520

0000

0.000

-27.000

Preactivated C4 is not monitored. The speci-

fied distance can be traversed completely.

540

2222

0.000

-25.000

Because _LIMIT[1] = 2, the traversing dis-

tance is restricted by the working area limi-

tation.

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6.3 Programming

N...

<status>

<MaxDist>[0] ≙ X

<MaxDist>[1] ≙ Y

Remarks

620

4223

-13.000

0.000

Clearance to C4 is a total of 4 mm due to C2

and _LIMIT[3]. Clearance C2 → N3 of 0.1

mm does not result in limitation of the tra-

versing distance.

710

1221

0.000

21.213

Frame with translation and rotation active.

The permissible traversing distance in _DIST

applies in the shifted and rotated WCS.

820

102121

18.000

18.000

The software limit switch of the Y axis is

violated. The calculation of a further tra-

versing direction is requested with <_TES-

TLIM> = 17. This direction is in _DIST (0.707,

0.0, 0.707). It is valid because the hundred

thousands digit is set in <_STATUS>.

Additional information

"Referenced" axis status

All machine axes considered by CALCPOSI() must be homed.

Circle-related distance specifications

All circle-related distance specifications are always interpreted as radius specifications. This

must be taken into account particularly for transverse axes with activated diameter

programming (DIAMON/DIAM90).

Traversing distance reduction

If the specified traversing distance of an axis is limited, the traversing distance of the other axes

is also reduced proportionally in the <MaxDist> return value. The resulting end point is

therefore still on the specified path.

Rotary axes

Rotary axes are only monitored when they are not modulo rotary axes.

It is permissible that no software limit switches, working area limits or protection zones are

defined for one or more of the relevant axes.

Software limit switch and working area limitation status

Software limit switches and working area limits are only taken into account if they are active

during the execution of CALCPOSI(). The status can be influenced, for example, via:

• Machine data: MD21020 $MC_WORKAREA_WITH_TOOL_RADIUS

• Setting data: $AC_WORKAREA_CS_...

• NC/PLC interface signals DB31, ... DBX12.2 / 3

• Commands: WALIMON / WALIMOF

Software limit switches and transformations

With CALCPOSI(), the positions of the machine axes (MCS) cannot always be uniquely

determined from the positions of the geometry axes (WCS) during various kinematic

transformations (e.g. TRANSMIT) because of ambiguities at certain positions of the traversing

Monitoring and compensating

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131

Protection areas

6.4 Special situations

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Figure 6-2

Motion range of the geometry axes at the start time

At the start time of traversing motion of axes X and Y, the axis-specific traversing range limits are

determined from the start time:

• X axis

- Positive traversing direction: Protection zone 2

- Negative traversing direction: Absolute traversing range limit (e.g. software limit

switches)

• Y axis

- Positive traversing direction: Protection zone 1

- Negative traversing direction: Absolute traversing range limit (e.g. working area

limitation)

The resulting maximum traversing range at the start time does not take protection zone 3 into

account. As a consequence, protection zone 3 could be violated.

Note

Activated and preactivated protection zones are also monitored in the manual operating modes

JOG, INC and DRF.

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Protection areas

6.6 Example

6.6

Example

6.6.1

Protection zone on a lathe

The following internal protection zones are to be defined for a turning machine:

• one machine-specific and workpiece-related protection zone for the spindle chuck, without

limitation in the 3rd dimension

• one channel-specific protection zone for the workpiece, without limitation in the 3rd

dimension

• one channel-specific, tool-related protection zone for the tool carrier, without limitation in

the 3rd dimension

The workpiece zero is placed at machine zero to define the protection zone for the workpiece.

When activated, the protection zone is then offset by 100 mm in the Z axis in the positive

direction.

)

;

3

=

0

:

5

① Starting point

② Protection zone for spindle chuck

③ Protection zone for workpiece

④ Protection area for tool carrier

⑤ Tool carrier

⑥ Drill

Monitoring and compensating

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Protection areas

6.6 Example

6.6.2

Protection zone definition in the part program

Part program excerpt for protection zone definition:

Program code

Comment

DEF INT AB

G18

; Working plane ZX

NPROTDEF(1,FALSE,0,0,0)

; Start of definition: Protection zone for spindle

chuck

G01 X100 Z0

; Contour description: Traversing motion along the

contour

G01 X-100 Z0

; Contour description: 1st Contour element

G01 X-100 Z110

; Contour description: 2nd Contour element

G01 X100 Z110

; Contour description: 3rd Contour element

G01 X100 Z0

; Contour description: 4th Contour element

EXECUTE(AB)

; End of definition: Protection zone for spindle

chuck

CPROTDEF(1,FALSE,0,0,0)

; Start of definition: Protection zone for work-

piece

G01 X80 Z0

; Contour description: Traversing motion along the

contour

G01 X-80 Z0

; Contour description: 1st Contour element

G01 X-80 Z40

; Contour description: 2nd Contour element

G01 X80 Z40

; Contour description: 3rd Contour element

G01 X80 Z0

; Contour description: 4th Contour element

EXECUTE(AB)

; End of definition: Protection zone for workpiece

CPROTDEF(2,TRUE,0,0,0)

; Start of definition: Protection zone for tool-

holder

G01 X0 Z-50

; Contour description: Traversing motion along the

contour

G01 X-190 Z-50

; Contour description: 1st Contour element

G03 X-210 Z-30 I-20

; Contour description: 2nd Contour element

G01 X-210 Z20

; Contour description: 3rd Contour element

G01 X0 Z50

; Contour description: 4th Contour element

G01 X0 Z-50

; Contour description: 5th Contour element

EXECUTE(AB)

; End of definition: Protection zone for toolholder

6.6.3

Protection zone definition with system variables

Machine-specific protection zone for the spindle chuck

System variable

Val-

Description

ue

$SN_PA_ACTIV_IMMED[0]

0

Protection zone for spindle chuck not immediately active

$SN_PA_T_W[0]

0

The protection zone for the spindle chuck is workpiece-related

$SN_PA_ORI[0]

1

Orientation of the protection zone: 1 = 3rd and 1st geometry axis

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Protection areas

6.6 Example

System variable

Val-

Description

ue

$SN_PA_LIM_3DIM[0]

0

Type of limitation in the 3rd dimension: 0 = No limit

$SN_PA_PLUS_LIM[0]

0

Value of the limit in the positive direction in the 3rd dimension

$SN_PA_MINUS_LIM[0]

0

Value of the limit in the minus direction in the 3rd dimension

$SN_PA_CONT_NUM[0]

4

Number of valid contour elements

$SN_PA_CONT_TYP[0,0]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 1

$SN_PA_CONT_TYP[0,1]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 2

$SN_PA_CONT_TYP[0,2]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 3

$SN_PA_CONT_TYP[0,3]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 4

$SN_PA_CONT_TYP[0,4]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 5

$SN_PA_CONT_TYP[0,5]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 6

$SN_PA_CONT_TYP[0,6]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 7

$SN_PA_CONT_TYP[0,7]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 8

$SN_PA_CONT_TYP[0,8]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 9

$SN_PA_CONT_TYP[0,9]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 10

$SN_PA_CONT_ORD[0,0]

-100

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 1

$SN_PA_CONT_ORD[0,1]

-100

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 2

$SN_PA_CONT_ORD[0,2]

100

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 3

$SN_PA_CONT_ORD[0,3]

100

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 4

$SN_PA_CONT_ORD[0,4]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 5

$SN_PA_CONT_ORD[0,5]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 6

$SN_PA_CONT_ORD[0,6]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 7

$SN_PA_CONT_ORD[0,7]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 8

$SN_PA_CONT_ORD[0,8]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 9

$SN_PA_CONT_ORD[0,9]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 10

$SN_PA_CONT_ABS[0,0]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 1

Monitoring and compensating

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Protection areas

6.6 Example

System variable

Val-

Description

ue

$SN_PA_CONT_ABS[0,1]

110

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 2

$SN_PA_CONT_ABS[0,2]

110

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 3

$SN_PA_CONT_ABS[0,3]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 4

$SN_PA_CONT_ABS[0,4]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 5

$SN_PA_CONT_ABS[0,5]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 6

$SN_PA_CONT_ABS[0,6]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 7

$SN_PA_CONT_ABS[0,7]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 8

$SN_PA_CONT_ABS[0,8]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 9

$SN_PA_CONT_ABS[0,9]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 10

$SN_PA_CENT_ORD[0,0]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 1

$SN_PA_CENT_ORD[0.1]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 2

$SN_PA_CENT_ORD[0,2]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 3

$SN_PA_CENT_ORD[0,3]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 4

$SN_PA_CENT_ORD[0,4]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 5

$SN_PA_CENT_ORD[0,5]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 6

$SN_PA_CENT_ORD[0,6]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 7

$SN_PA_CENT_ORD[0,7]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 8

$SN_PA_CENT_ORD[0,8]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 9

$SN_PA_CENT_ORD[0,9]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 10

$SN_PA_CENT_ABS[0,0]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 1

$SN_PA_CENT_ABS[0.1]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 2

$SN_PA_CENT_ABS[0,2]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 3

$SN_PA_CENT_ABS[0,3]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 4

Monitoring and compensating

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Protection areas

6.6 Example

System variable

Val-

Description

ue

$SN_PA_CENT_ABS[0,4]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 5

$SN_PA_CENT_ABS[0,5]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 6

$SN_PA_CENT_ABS[0,6]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 7

$SN_PA_CENT_ABS[0,7]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 8

$SN_PA_CENT_ABS[0,8]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 9

$SN_PA_CENT_ABS[0,9]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for spindle chuck, contour element 10

Channel-specific protection zone for the workpiece

System variable

Val-

Remark

ue

$SC_PA_ACTIV_IMMED[0]

0

Protection zone for workpiece not immediately active

$SC_PA_TW[0]

0

Protection zone for workpiece is workpiece-related

$SC_PA_ORI[0]

1

Orientation of the protection zone: 1 = 3rd and 1st geometry axis

$SC_PA_LIM_3DIM[0]

0

Type of limitation in the 3rd dimension: 0 = no limitation

$SC_PA_PLUS_LIM[0]

0

Value of the limit in the positive direction in the 3rd dimension

$SC_PA_MINUS_LIM[0]

0

Value of the limit in the minus direction in the 3rd dimension

$SC_PA_CONT_NUM[0]

4

Number of valid contour elements

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[0,0]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone workpiece, contour element 1

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[0,1]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone workpiece, contour element 2

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[0,2]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone workpiece, contour element 3

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[0,3]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone workpiece, contour element 4

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[0,4]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone workpiece, contour element 5

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[0,5]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 6

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[0,6]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 7

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[0,7]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 8

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[0,8]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 9

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[0,9]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 10

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[0,0]

-80

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 1

Monitoring and compensating

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Protection areas

6.6 Example

System variable

Val-

Remark

ue

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[0,1]

-80

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 2

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[0,2]

80

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 3

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[0,3]

80

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 4

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[0,4]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 5

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[0,5]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 6

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[0,6]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 7

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[0,7]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 8

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[0,8]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 9

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[0,9]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 10

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[0,0]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 1

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[0,1]

40

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 2

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[0,2]

40

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 3

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[0,3]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 4

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[0,4]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 5

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[0,5]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 6

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[0,6]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 7

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[0,7]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 8

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[0,8]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 9

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[0,9]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 10

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[0,0]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 1

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[0,1]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 2

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[0,2]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 3

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[0,3]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 4

Monitoring and compensating

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Protection areas

6.6 Example

System variable

Val-

Remark

ue

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[0,4]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 5

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[0,5]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 6

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[0,6]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 7

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[0,7]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 8

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[0,8]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 9

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[0,9]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 10

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[0,0]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 1

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[0,1]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 2

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[0,2]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 3

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[0,3]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 4

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[0,4]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 5

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[0,5]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 6

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[0,6]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 7

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[0,7]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 8

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[0,8]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 9

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[0,9]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for workpiece, contour element 10

Channel-specific protection zone for the tool holder

System variable

Val-

Remark

ue

$SC_PA_ACTIV_IMMED[1]

0

Protection zone for tool holder not immediately active

$SC_PA_TW[1]

3

Protection zone for the tool holder is tool-related

$SC_PA_ORI[1]

1

Orientation of the protection zone: 1 = 3rd and 1st geometry axis

$SC_PA_LIM_3DIM[1]

0

Type of limitation in the 3rd dimension: 0 = no limitation

$SC_PA_PLUS_LIM[1]

0

Value of the limit in the positive direction in the 3rd dimension

$SC_PA_MINUS_LIM[1]

0

Value of the limit in the minus direction in the 3rd dimension

$SC_PA_CONT_NUM[1]

5

Number of valid contour elements

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[1,0]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone tool holder, contour element 1

Monitoring and compensating

144

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Protection areas

6.6 Example

System variable

Val-

Remark

ue

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[1,1]

3

Contour type[<i>] : 3 = G3 for circle element, counter clockwise,

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 2

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[1,2]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 3

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[1,3]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 4

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[1,4]

1

Contour type[<i>] : 1 = G1 for straight line,

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 5

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[1,5]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 6

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[1,6]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 7

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[1,7]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 8

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[1,8]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 9

$SC_PA_CONT_TYP[1,9]

0

Contour type[<i>] : 0 = not defined,

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 10

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[1,0]

-190

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 1

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[1,1]

-210

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 2

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[1,2]

-210

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 3

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[1,3]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 4

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[1,4]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 5

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[1,5]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 6

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[1,6]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 7

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[1,7]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 8

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[1,8]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 9

$SC_PA_CONT_ORD[1,9]

0

End point of contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 10

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[1,0]

-50

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 1

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[1,1]

-30

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 2

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[1,2]

20

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 3

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[1,3]

50

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 4

Monitoring and compensating

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145

Protection areas

6.6 Example

System variable

Val-

Remark

ue

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[1,4]

-50

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 5

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[1,5]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 6

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[1,6]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 7

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[1,7]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 8

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[1,8]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 9

$SC_PA_CONT_ABS[1,9]

0

End point of contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 10

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[1,0]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 1

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[1,1]

-190

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 2

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[1,2]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 3

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[1,3]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 4

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[1,4]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 5

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[1,5]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 6

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[1,6]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 7

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[1,7]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 8

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[1,8]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 9

$SC_PA_CENT_ORD[1,9]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], ordinate value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 10

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[1,0]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 1

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[1,1]

-30

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 2

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[1,2]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 3

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[1,3]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 4

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[1,4]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 5

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[1,5]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 6

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[1,6]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 7

Monitoring and compensating

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Protection areas

6.7 Data lists

System variable

Val-

Remark

ue

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[1,7]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 8

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[1,8]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 9

$SC_PA_CENT_ABS[1,9]

0

Center point of circular contour[<i>], abscissa value

protection zone for tool holder, contour element 10

6.6.4

Activating protection zones

Part program excerpt for activating protection zones for spindle chuck, workpiece, and

tool holder:

Program code

Comment

NPROT(1,2,0,0,0)

; Protection zone: Spindle chuck

CPROT(1,2,0,0,100)

; Protection zone: Workpiece with 100 mm offset in the

Z axis

CPROT(2,2,0,0,0)

; Protection zone: Toolholder

6.7

Data lists

6.7.1

Machine data

6.7.1.1

NC-specific machine data

Number

Identifier: $MN_

Description

10618

PROTAREA_GEOAX_CHANGE_MODE

Response for a transformation change and geometry

axis interchange

18190

MM_NUM_PROTECT_AREA_NCK

Number of available machine-specific protection zones

6.7.1.2

Channelspecific machine data

Number

Identifier: $MC_

Description

28200

MM_NUM_PROTECT_AREA_CHAN (SRAM)

Number of available channel-specific protection zones

28210

MM_NUM_PROTECT_AREA_ACTIVE

Maximum number of protection zones that can be acti-

vated simultaneously in the channel

28212

MM_NUM_PROTECT_AREA_CONTUR

Maximum number of definable contour elements in the

channel

Monitoring and compensating

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147

Axis monitoring functions

7.1 Contour monitoring

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Following-error monitoring

Effectiveness

The following-error monitoring only operates with active position control and the following axis

types:

• Linear axes with and without feedforward control

• Rotary axes with and without feedforward control

• Position-controlled spindles

Fault

If the configured tolerance limit is exceeded, the following alarm appears:

25050 "Axis <Axis name> Contour monitoring"

The affected axis/spindle is stopped via the configured braking ramp in follow-up mode:

MD36610 $MA_AX_EMERGENCY_STOP_TIME

(maximum time for braking ramp when an error occurs)

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151

Axis monitoring functions

7.2 Positioning, zero speed and clamping monitoring

7.2

Positioning, zero speed and clamping monitoring

7.2.1

Correlation between positioning, zero-speed and clamping monitoring

Overview

The following overview shows the correlation between the positioning, zero speed and

clamping monitoring functions:

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Positioning monitoring

Function

At the end of a positioning operation:

• Set velocity = 0 AND

• DB31, ... DBX64.6/7 (motion command minus/plus) = 0

Monitoring and compensating

152

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Axis monitoring functions

7.2 Positioning, zero speed and clamping monitoring

checks the position monitoring to ensure that the following error of every participating machine

axis is smaller than the exact-stop fine tolerance during the delay time.

MD36010 $MA_STOP_LIMIT_FINE (exact stop fine)

MD36020 $MA_POSITIONING_TIME (delay time exact stop fine)

After reaching "Exact stop fine", the position monitoring is deactivated.

Note

The smaller the exact stop fine tolerance is, the longer the positioning operation takes and the

longer the time until block change.

Rules for MD setting

MD36010 $MA_STOP_LIMIT_FINE

MD36020 $MA_POSITIONING_TIME

Large

Can be selected relatively short

Small

Must be selected relatively long

MD32200 $MA_POSCTRL_GAIN

MD36020 $MA_POSITIONING_TIME

(servo gain factor)

Small

Must be selected relatively long

Large

Can be selected relatively short

Effectiveness

The position monitoring only operates with active position control and the following axis types:

• Linear axes

• Rotary axes

• Position-controlled spindles

Fault

If the configured position-monitoring time is exceeded, the following alarm appears:

25080 "Axis <Axis name> Position monitoring"

The affected axis is stopped via the configured braking ramp in follow-up mode:

MD36610 $MA_AX_EMERGENCY_STOP_TIME

(maximum time for braking ramp when an error occurs)

Monitoring and compensating

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153

Axis monitoring functions

7.2 Positioning, zero speed and clamping monitoring

An alarm is not output, if the clamping tolerance is fallen below again before the alarm delay

time lapses.

The alarm delay time is restarted when the clamping tolerance is exceeded again.

Special clamping functions

The special clamping functions that automate the release and set of the part program execution

sequence are activated bit-by-bit using machine data:

MD36052 $MA_STOP_ON_CLAMPING[<Achse>], <bit> = <value>

<Bit>

<Val-

Meaning

ue>

0

Automatic stop to release the clamping

0

Not active

1

Active

1

Optimized clamping release

0

Not active

1

Active, precondition: Bit 0 == 1

2

Automatic stop to set the clamping

0

Not active

1

Active

7.2.5.3

NC/PLC interface signals

Activating the clamping monitoring

The clamping monitoring is activated by setting the NC/PLC interface signal:

DB31, ... DBX2.3 = 1 (clamping in progress)

Overshooting the clamping tolerance

Overshooting the clamping tolerance is indicated with the NC/PLC interface signal:

DB31, ... DBX102.3 == 1 (clamping tolerance overshot)

The signal is set when the clamping tolerance is overshot within the alarm delay time.

The signal is reset when the clamping tolerance is undershot within the alarm delay time or the

follow-up mode is activated for the axis.

7.2.5.4

Fault responses

Fault responses when the clamping tolerance is exceeded:

• Alarm 26000 "Clamping monitoring" is indicated

• The axis is brought to a standstill with the parameterized maximum acceleration:

MD32300 $MA_MAX_AX_ACCEL

Whereby, the maximum duration of the braking ramp for error states is monitored:

MD36610 $MA_AX_EMERGENCY_STOP_TIME

Monitoring and compensating

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Axis monitoring functions

7.2 Positioning, zero speed and clamping monitoring

• Follow-up mode is activated for the axis:

DB31, ... DBX61.3 == 1

• The "clamping tolerance exceeded" signal is reset:

DB31, ... DBX102.3 == 0

7.2.5.5

"Automatic stop to release the clamping" clamping function

The "Automatic stop to release the clamping" clamping function adds an NC-internal stop before

the traversing block of the clamping axis for continuous-path mode.

The stop is not effective or the continuous-path mode is not interrupted if the controller enable

signal (DB31, ... DBX2.1) of the clamping axis is set prior to the block change.

If the controller enable signal of the clamping axis is not set prior to the block change, the stop

acts.

Parameterization

MD36052 $MA_STOP_ON_CLAMPING[<clamping axis>] = 'H01'

Requirements/assumptions

• If, for the clamping axis there is a traversing command (DB31, ... DBX64.6 / .7), then the

clamping is released by the PLC user program.

• The following relationship must exist between the controller enable signal (DB31, ... DBX2.1)

and the clamping of the clamping axis:

Controller enable

⇒

Clamping axis

not set

⇒

Clamped

Set

⇒

Not clamped

Example:

Program code

Comment

N100 G0 X0 Y0 Z0 A0 G90 G54 F500

; Approach initial state

N101 G641 ADIS=.1 ADISPOS=5

; Activate continuous-path mode

N210 G1 X10

; Traversing block

N220 G1 X5 Y20

; "

N310 G0 Z50

; Positioning block

N410 G0 A90

; " (clamping axis)

N510 G0 X100

; "

N520 G0 Z2

; "

N610 G1 Z-4

; Traversing block

N620 G1 X0 Y-20

; "

Schematic change of the NC/PLC interface signals and states for the N310 and N410 blocks:

Monitoring and compensating

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Axis monitoring functions

7.2 Positioning, zero speed and clamping monitoring

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① NC: The automatically inserted stop causes a stop at the N310 block end.

② NC → PLC: After the block change, the travel command for the clamping axis is set.

PLC: The clamping is released based on the travel command.

③ PLC → NC: The clamping pressure is removed appropriately. The clamping axis is enabled for

traversal.

7.2.5.6

"Time-optimized release of the clamping" clamping function

The "Time-optimized release of the clamping" clamping function in conjunction with the

"Automatic stop to release the clamping" clamping function" for continuous-path mode requests

the release of the clamping NC-internal by the Look Ahead setting of the travel command for the

clamping axis. The travel command is set only when until the traversal of the clamping axis,

positioning (G0 blocks) but no processing (G1 blocks) is performed.

To obtain the reference to the traversing block of the clamping axis, the travel command

prefixes a maximum of two rapid traverse blocks (G0), including any internally generated

intermediate blocks, to the traversing block.

Activation

MD36052 $MA_STOP_ON_CLAMPING[<clamping axis>] = 'H03'

Requirements/assumptions

• If, for the clamping axis there is a traversing command (DB31, ... DBX64.6 / .7), then the

clamping is released by the PLC user program.

• While other axes are traversing with rapid traverse (G0), the clamping axis must not be

clamped.

Monitoring and compensating

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Axis monitoring functions

7.2 Positioning, zero speed and clamping monitoring

Example:

Program code

Comment

N100 G0 X0 Y0 Z0 A0 G90 G54 F500

; Approach initial state

N101 G641 ADIS=.1 ADISPOS=5

; Activate continuous-path mode

N210 G1 X10

; Machining block

N220 G1 X5 Y20

; "

N310 G0 Z50

; Positioning block

N410 G0 A90

; " (clamping axis)

N510 G0 X100

; "

N520 G0 Z2

; "

N610 G1 Z-4

; Machining block

N620 G1 X0 Y-20

; "

Schematic change of the NC/PLC interface signals and states for the N220 to N410 blocks:

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① NC → PLC: The travel command for the clamping axis is set because of the block change.

PLC: The clamping is released based on the travel command.

② PLC → NC: The clamping pressure is removed appropriately. The clamping axis is enabled for

traversal.

7.2.5.7

"Automatic stop to set the clamping" clamping function

The clamping process takes a while. In continuous-path mode, an explicit stop of the traversing

must be provided by programming, e.g. G09, G60 or auxiliary function output, so that the

clamping is reliably active before machining started.

Monitoring and compensating

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159

Axis monitoring functions

7.2 Positioning, zero speed and clamping monitoring

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① NC → PLC: The travel command for the clamping axis is reset because of the block change.

② PLC: The clamping is initiated

③ PLC → NC: The clamping pressure is sufficiently large to reset the controller enable

④ PLC → NC: Enable the N610 machining by setting the channel-specific feedrate override not 0%.

7.2.5.8

Supplementary conditions

Interrupted continuous-path mode

If during the above-described clamping functions, the continuous-path mode and thus also the

"LookAhead" function is interrupted by blocks without traversing (e.g. output of an M function

M82/M83), the functions behave as follows:

• Clamping function: "Time-optimized release of the axis clamping"

(MD36052 $MA_STOP_ON_CLAMPING[<axis>] = 'B011')

The function no longer acts because the travel command is set in Look Ahead mode only for

blocks with active continuous-path mode. The output of the M function M82 in block N320

of the sample program below stops the traversing and so interrupts the continuous-path

mode.

The Look Ahead stopping on N410 by the function is not necessary because stopping occurs

anyway by N320.

• Clamping function: "Automatic stop to set the clamping":

(MD36052 $MA_STOP_ON_CLAMPING[<axis] = 'B100')

The function generates a stop irrespective of M83 that is executed as a function of "feedrate

override 0%". The axis is thus stopped before the first machining block.

Monitoring and compensating

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161

Axis monitoring functions

7.3 Speed-setpoint monitoring

controller enable signal. Repositioning depends on whether "Follow-up mode" was activated for

the axis during the clamping process:

• DB31, ... DBX1.4 == 0 (follow-up mode not active) ⇒ Abrupt by the position controller

• DB31, ... DBX1.4 == 1 (follow-up mode active) ⇒ interpolatory method

Note

The following data can be evaluated by the PLC user program as the criterion for activating the

follow-up mode (DB31, ... DBX1.4):

• DB31, ... DBX60.6/.7 (position reached with coarse/fine exact stop)

• Actual position of the clamping axis

Follow-up mode

The clamping monitoring is not active in follow-up mode

DB31, ... DBX1.4 == 1 (follow-up mode).

7.3

Speed-setpoint monitoring

Function

The speed setpoint comprises:

• Speed setpoint of the position controller

• Speed setpoint portion of the feedforward control (with active feedforward control only)

• Dift compensation (only for drives with analog setpoint interface)

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Speed setpoint calculation

The speed-setpoint monitoring ensures by limiting the control or output signal (10 V for analog

setpoint interface or rated speed for digital drives) that the physical limitations of the drives are

not exceeded:

MD36210 $MA_CTRLOUT_LIMIT (maximum speed setpoint)

Monitoring and compensating

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163

Axis monitoring functions

7.3 Speed-setpoint monitoring

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Speed setpoint limitation

Speed-setpoint monitoring delay

To prevent an error reaction from occurring in every speed-limitation instance, a delay time can

be configured:

MD36220 $MA_CTRLOUT_LIMIT_TIME (speed-setpoint monitoring delay)

Only if the speed limitation is required for longer than the configured time does the

corresponding error reaction occur.

Effectiveness

The speed-setpoint monitoring is only active for closed-loop position-controlled axes and cannot

be deactivated.

Fault

If the configured delay time is exceeded, the following alarm appears:

25060 "Axis <Axis name> Speed-setpoint limitation"

The affected axis is stopped via the configured braking ramp in follow-up mode:

MD36610 $MA_AX_EMERGENCY_STOP_TIME

(maximum time for braking ramp when an error occurs)

Note

Upon reaching the speed-setpoint monitoring, the position feedback loop of the axis becomes

non-linear due to the limitation. Contour errors result if the axis is involved in generating the

contour.

Monitoring and compensating

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Axis monitoring functions

7.5 Measuring system monitoring

Monitoring functions in the drive

• Monitoring of hardware faults (e.g. measuring system failure, wire breakage)

• Zero mark monitoring

Further information:

Function Manual Drive Functions SINAMICS S120

Measuring system monitoring functions carried out in the drive are mapped on the NC alarms

(alarm 25000 and following) or NC reactions (e.g. abort of referencing or on-the-fly measuring).

The exact behavior of the NC depends on the setting in the machine data:

MD36310 $MA_ENC_ZERO_MONITORING

Value

Meaning

= 0

Monitoring of HW faults:

ON

If a hardware fault is detected in the active measuring system, POW-

ER ON alarm 25000 is displayed:

"Axis <Axis name> Hardware fault active encoder"

The affected axis is stopped via the configured braking ramp in fol-

low-up mode:

MD36610 $MA_AX_EMERGENCY_STOP_TIME (maximum time for

braking ramp when a fault occurs)

If a hardware fault is detected in the passive measuring system,

alarm 25001 is displayed:

"Axis <Axis name> Hardware fault passive encoder"

There is no further alarm response.

Zero-mark monitoring:

OFF

Alarms 25020 and 25021 (see below) are suppressed.

= 100

No zero-mark monitoring as well as hiding of all encoder monitoring functions, i.e. in addition to alarm

25020 (25021), alarms 25000 (25001) and 25010 (25011) are suppressed.

> 0 but < 100

Monitoring of HW faults:

ON (see above)

Zero-mark monitoring:

ON

If zero-mark monitoring is tripped in the active measuring system,

alarm 25020 is displayed:

"Axis <Axis name> Zero-mark monitoring active encoder"

The affected axis is stopped via the configured braking ramp in fol-

low-up mode:

MD36610 $MA_AX_EMERGENCY_STOP_TIME (maximum time for

braking ramp when a fault occurs)

If zero-mark monitoring is tripped in the passive measuring system,

alarm 25021 is displayed:

"Axis <Axis name> Zero-mark monitoring passive encoder"

There is no further alarm response.

> 100

Monitoring of HW faults:

ON with attenuated error message:

The POWER ON alarm 25000 is replaced by the reset alarm 25010

and the reset alarm 25001 replaced by the cancel alarm 25011.

Zero-mark monitoring:

ON (see above)

For details on the alarms, see:

Monitoring and compensating

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7.5 Measuring system monitoring

Fault

Upon exceeding of the encoder limit frequency, the following occurs:

• Message to the PLC:

DB31, ... DBX60.2 or 60.3 = 1 (encoder limit frequency exceeded 1 or 2)

• Spindles

Spindles are not stopped but continue to turn with speed control.

If the spindle speed is reduced so much that the encoder frequency passes below the encoder

limit frequency, the actual value system of the spindle is automatically resynchronized.

• Axes

The following alarm is displayed:

21610 "Channel <Channel number> Axis <Axis name> Encoder <Encoder number >

Frequency exceeded"

The affected axis is stopped via the configured braking ramp in follow-up mode:

MD36610 $MA_AX_EMERGENCY_STOP_TIME

(maximum time for braking ramp when an error occurs)

Note

If the encoder limit frequency is exceeded, a position-controlled machine axis must be re-

referenced (see Function Manual "Axes and Spindles", Section "R1: Referencing").

7.5.2

Plausibility check for absolute encoders

Function

With absolute encoders (MD30240 $MA_ENC_TYPE = 4), absolute values supplied by the

measuring system are used to check the plausibility of the actual value.

During the check, the NC compares the cyclic position value held in the position control cycle

clock based on the incremental information from the encoder with a new position value

generated directly from the absolute and incremental information and checks that the

calculated position difference does not exceed the permissible deviation.

MD36310 $MA_ENC_ZERO_MONITORING (permissible deviation in 1/2 coarse increments

between the absolute and the incremental encoder track)

Note

The plausibility check of absolute encoders specifically detects all deviations caused by dirt on

the absolute track or by faults when transferring the absolute value. However, small errors in the

incremental track (burst interference, impulse errors) are not detected. In such instances the

plausibility check only responds to deviations in the millimeter range. This form of monitoring

should therefore serve as additional monitoring to assist the diagnosis of absolute-position

faults.

Monitoring and compensating

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Axis monitoring functions

7.5 Measuring system monitoring

Note

Rotary absolute encoders

If the plausibility check is to be used for a rotary absolute encoder, the SINAMICS parameter

p0979 must be taken into account when setting the modulo range (MD34220

$MA_ENC_ABS_TURNS_MODULO).

Note

Upgrading the NC software

If the plausibility check is activated in absolute encoders (MD36310 > 0), the existing MD36310

settings must be checked and, if necessary, increased during an upgrade of the NC software.

Zero mark diagnostics

With absolute encoders, the permissible deviation must be determined for the plausibility check

during commissioning. This can be performed via the machine data:

MD36312 $MA_ENC_ABS_ZEROMON_WARNING (zero-mark monitoring warning threshold)

Value

Meaning

0

No zero mark diagnostics

> 0

Permissible deviation in 1/2 coarse increments between the absolute and the incremental en-

coder track

Procedure when commissioning the system:

1. Deactivate zero-mark monitoring:

MD36310 $MA_ENC_ZERO_MONITORING = 0

2. Activate zero-mark diagnostics:

MD36312 $MA_ENC_ABS_ZEROMON_WARNING = 1

3. Move axis and monitor system variable $VA_ENC_ZERO_MON_ERR_CNT (number of

detected limit value violations).

4. If $VA_ENC_ZERO_MON_ERR_CNT ≠ 0:

Increase MD36312 value and repeat step 3.

5. If $VA_ENC_ZERO_MON_ERR_CNT = 0 (over a longer period of time!):

The correct value for MD36310 is located! Apply the value from MD36312 to MD36310 and

then set MD36312 to "0".

Note

Depending on the rigidity of the machine (minimal load masses / moments of inertia are

optimum) and the controller settings, the control play "oscillates" with varying degrees of

intensity. Account must be taken of this by entering machine-specific limit values in MD36310.

Monitoring and compensating

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169

Axis monitoring functions

7.5 Measuring system monitoring

Fault

Alarm 25020

If the plausibility check is tripped in the active measuring system, alarm 25020 is displayed:

"Axis <Axis name> Zero-mark monitoring active encoder"

The affected axis is stopped via the configured braking ramp in follow-up mode:

MD36610 $MA_AX_EMERGENCY_STOP_TIME

(maximum time for braking ramp when an error occurs)

Alarm 25021

If the plausibility check is tripped in the passive measuring system, alarm 25021 is displayed:

"Axis <Axis name> Zero-mark monitoring passive encoder"

There is no further alarm response.

Note

In the event of a fault, the adjustment of the absolute encoder is lost and the axis is no longer

referenced. The absolute encoder must be readjusted (see Function Manual "Axes and Spindles,

Section "Referencing for absolute encoders").

Note

Errors in the incremental track that cannot be detected with amplitude monitoring can cause

position deviations in the millimeter range. The deviation depends on the lattice pitch/line count

and the traversing velocity of the axis when the error occurs.

Complete position monitoring is only possible through redundancy, i.e. through comparison

with an independent second measuring system.

7.5.3

Customized error reactions

Customized zero-mark monitoring

The default alarm and reaction behavior of the zero-mark monitoring can be adapted in absolute

measuring systems (MD30240 $MA_ENC_TYPE = 4) with the aid of system variables. This allows

you to perform your own monitoring using a synchronized action or OEM application and to use

all of the reaction options available in this application, e.g.:

• Transmit alarm

• Use cycles (e.g. approach tool-change position)

• ...

Example:

Users can adjust the alarm and reaction behavior so that when machining an expensive

workpiece, which could be damaged if the axis is stopped as a result of an alarm, machining

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7.5 Measuring system monitoring

stops before the machining quality of the workpiece is assessed using appropriate synchronized

action commands.

Effectiveness

Customized monitoring can be activated in parallel to or as an alternative to standard zero-mark

monitoring, depending on the setting in machine data:

MD36310 $MA_ENC_ZERO_MONITORING

Value

Meaning

0

If only user-specific monitoring is to be implemented, the default zero-mark monitoring

must be deactivated:

MD36310 = 0

and

MD36312 = 0

> 0

Customized monitoring and standard zero-mark monitoring operate in parallel.

100

All encoder monitoring functions are deactivated.

If both monitoring functions are active (MD36310 > 0), you can perform cascaded monitoring.

Example:

If a value falls below the threshold specified in MD36310, customized monitoring triggers a

prewarning; standard zero-marking monitoring will only detect a fault if the threshold is

exceeded and will then deactivate automatically.

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Axis monitoring functions

7.5 Measuring system monitoring

System variables

You can implement customized error reactions using the following system variables:

System variable

Meaning

$VA_ENC_ZERO_MON_ERR_CNT[<n>,<axis>]

Number of detected limit value violations.

Contains the current number of detected limit value violations

when comparing the absolute and the incremental encoder

tracks.

The value is reset to 0 at:

• POWER ON

• Selection/deselection of parking

Reset does not cause a reset.

$VA_ABSOLUTE_ENC_DELTA_INIT[<n>,<axis>]

Initial difference for absolute encoders.

Contains the initial difference between the last buffered absolute

position in the static NC memory and the current absolute posi-

tion.

Format of the difference value: Number of internal increments

(see MD10200 $MN_INT_INCR_PER_MM or MD10210

$MN_INT_INCR_PER_DEG)

The value is updated at:

• POWER ON

• Warm restart

• Deselection of parking

• Return below the encoder limit frequency

There is no reset at reset.

<n>: Encoder number

<axis>: Axis name

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7.6 Limit switch monitoring

7.6

Limit switch monitoring

Overview of the end stops and possible limit-switch monitoring:

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7.6.1

Hardware limit switch

Function

A hardware limit switch is normally installed at the end of the traversing range of a machine axis.

It serves to protect against accidental overtravelling of the maximum traversing range of the

machine axis while the machine axis is not yet referenced.

If the hardware limit switch is triggered, the PLC user program created by the machine

manufacturer sets the corresponding interface signal:

DB31, ... DBX12.0/1 = 1 (hardware limit switch minus/plus)

Parameterization

The braking behavior of the machine axis upon reaching the hardware limit switch is

configurable via the machine data:

MD36600 $MA_BRAKE_MODE_CHOICE (braking behavior on hardware limit switch)

Value

Meaning

0

Braking with the configured axial acceleration

1

Rapid stop (set velocity = 0)

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Axis monitoring functions

7.7 Working area limitation monitoring

Powerup response

If an axis moves outside the permissible working area when activating the working area limits,

it will be immediately stopped with the maximum permissible acceleration.

Overrunning of the working area limitation in JOG mode

In JOG mode, an axis is moved to no further than its working area limit by the control system.

When the traverse button is pressed again, an alarm is displayed and the axis does not traverse

any further.

Geo-axis replacement

Through the following machine data it is adjustable, whether during geometry axis change the

active working area limitation is retained or deactivated:

MD10604 $MN_WALIM_GEOAX_CHANGE_MODE = <value>

<value>

Meaning

0

The working area limitation is deactivated during the geometry axis change.

1

The working area limitation remains activated during the geometry axis change.

7.7.2

Working area limitation in BCS

Application

Using the "working area limitation in BCS", the working area of a machine tool is limited so that

the surrounding devices (e.g. tool revolver, measuring stations) are protected against damage.

Working area limits

The lower and upper working area limits of each axes are adjusted through setting data or

programmed through part program commands:

Working area limitation through setting data

The adjustments are done through the immediately effective axis-specific setting data:

SD43420 $SA_WORKAREA_LIMIT_PLUS (working area limitation plus)

SD43430 $SA_WORKAREA_LIMIT_MINUS (working area limitation minus)

Programmed working area limitation

The programming is done using the G commands:

G25 X… Y… Z… lower working area limitation

G26 X… Y… Z… upper working area limitation

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7.7 Working area limitation monitoring

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Programmed working area limitation

The programmed working area limitation has priority and overwrites the values entered in

SD43420 and SD43430.

Activation/Deactivation

Working area limitation through setting data

The activation/deactivation of the working area limitation for each axis takes place in a direction-

specific manner via the immediately effective setting data:

SD43400 $SA_WORKAREA_PLUS_ENABLE (working area limitation active in the positive

direction)

SD43410 $SA_WORKAREA_MINUS_ENABLE (working area limitation active in the negative

direction)

Value

Meaning

0

The working area limitation in positive or negative direction is switched off.

1

The working area limitation in positive or negative direction is active.

Programmed working area limitation

Activation or deactivation of the overall "working area limitation in the BCS" is arranged via part

program commands:

WALIMON

Working area limitation ON

or

WALIMOF

Working area limitation OFF

Changing the working area limitation

Working area limitation through setting data

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