Dodge Dakota (R1). Manual - part 266

CONDITION

POSSIBLE CAUSES

CORRECTION

4. The cooling system is equipped
with air seals at the radiator and/or
A/C condensor. If these seals are
missing or damaged, not enough air
flow will be pulled through the
radiator and A/C condensor.

4. Check for missing or
damaged air seals. Repair as
necessary.

INADEQUATE HEATER

PERFORMANCE. MAY BE

ACCOMPANIED BY LOW

GAUGE READING

1. Diesel engines, due to their
inherent efficiency are slower to
warm up than gasoline powered
engines, and will operate at lower
temperatures when the vehicle is
unloaded.

1. The lower gauge reading
may be normal.

2. Coolant level low.

2. Pressure test cooling system.
Repair leaks as necessary.

3. Obstruction in heater hose fitting
at engine.

3. Remove heater hoses and
check for obstructions. Repair
as necessary.

4. Heater hose kinked.

4. Locate kinked area. Repair
as necessary.

5. Water pump is not pumping water
to heater core. When the engine is
fully warmed up, both heater hoses
should be hot to the touch. If only
one of the hoses is hot the water
pump may not be operating correctly.
The accessory drive belt may also
be slipping causing poor water pump
operation.

5. Refer to water pumps in this
group. Repair as necessary. If a
slipping belt is detected, refer to
Engine Accessory Drive Belts in
this group. Repair as
necessary.

HEAT ODOR

1. Various heat shields are used at
certain drive line components. One
or more of these shields may be
missing.

1. Locate missing shields.
Repair or replace as necessary.

2. Is temerature gauge reading
above the normal range?

2. Refer to the previous
Temperature Gauge Reads
High in these Diagnostic
Charts. Repair as necessary.

3. Is the Cooling fan operating
correctly?

3. Refer to Cooling System Fan
in this group for diagnosis.
Repair as necessary.

4. Has undercoating been applied to
any unnecessary components?

4. Clean undercoating as
necessary.

STEAM IS COMING FROM

FRONT OF VEHICLE

NEAR GRILL AREA WHEN

WEATHER IS WET,

ENGINE IS WARMED UP

AND RUNNING, AND

VEHICLE IS STATIONARY.

TEMPERATURE GAUGE

IS IN NORMAL RANGE

1. During wet weather, moisture
(snow, ice, or rain condensation) on
the radiator will evaporate when the
thermostat opens. This opening
allows heated water into the radiator.
When the moisture contacts the hot
radiator, steam may be emitted. This
usually occurs in cold weather with
no fan or airflow to blow it away.

1. Occasional steam emitting
from this area is normal. No
repair is necessary.

7a - 10

2.5L VM DIESEL

2.5L VM DIESEL (Continued)

CONDITION

POSSIBLE CAUSES

CORRECTION

COOLANT ODOR

1. Coolant color is not necessarily an
indication of adequate corrosion or
temperature protection. Do not rely
on coolant color for determining
condition of coolant.

1. Refer to Coolant in this group
for antifreeze tests. Adjust
antifreeze-to-water ratio as
necessary.

COOLANT LEVEL

CHANGES IN COOLANT

TANK. TEMPERATURE

GAUGE IS IN NORMAL

RANGE

1. Level changes are to be expected
as coolant volume fluctuates with
engine temperature. If the level in
the tank was between the HOT and
COLD marks at normal engine
operating temperature, the level
should return to within that range
after operation at elevated
temperatures.

1. This a normal condition. No
repair necessary.

STANDARD PROCEDURE - REFILLING
COOLING SYSTEM

The cooling system is equipped with a pressurized

coolant tank using a pressure/vent cap. Refilling of
the system is done through this tank.

NOTE: The radiator draincock is equipped with a
rubber o-ring. Do not over tighten draincock.

(1) Make sure the radiator draincock is closed

(rotate clockwise).

(2) Loosen the plastic radiator fill vent valve

(unscrews counter- clockwise) from the radiator. The
fill vent valve is located on the top of the radiator
tank.

(3) With the fill vent valve loose, proceed to fill the

system using a 50/50 mixture of water and antifreeze
as described in the Coolant section of this group.

(4) Continue to fill the cooling system tank until

the coolant level is even with the full mark on the
tank.

(5) Install and tighten the coolant tank pressure/

vent cap. Do not use any type of tool when tight-
ening the cap. Hand tighten only.

(6) Tighten the radiator fill vent valve.
(7) With the heater control unit in the HEAT posi-

tion, operate engine with coolant tank cap tightened.

(8)

After engine has reached normal operating

temperature, shut engine off and allow it to cool.

(9) Remove coolant tank cap.
(10) Add coolant into the coolant tank up to the

FULL mark. If possible, only add coolant when
the engine is cold. Coolant level in a warm
engine will be higher in the tank due to ther-
mal expansion.

(11) Continue this procedure until the coolant level

is maintained in the coolant tank.

STANDARD PROCEDURE - DRAINING COOLING
SYSTEM

The cooling system is equipped with a pressurized

coolant tank using a pressure/vent cap.

WARNING:

NOT

REMOVE

THE

CYLINDER

BLOCK DRAIN-PLUG, THE COOLANT TANK CAP,
THE RADIATOR FILL VENT VALVE, OR LOOSEN
THE RADIATOR DRAINCOCK WITH THE SYSTEM
HOT AND PRESSURIZED. SERIOUS BURNS FROM
COOLANT CAN OCCUR.

WARNING: IF VEHICLE HAS BEEN RUN RECENTLY,
WAIT AT LEAST 15 MINUTES BEFORE REMOVING
COOLANT TANK CAP. WITH A RAG, SQUEEZE THE
UPPER RADIATOR HOSE TO CHECK IF SYSTEM IS
UNDER PRESSURE. PLACE A RAG OVER THE CAP.
VERY

SLOWLY

ROTATE

THE

CAP

COUNTER-

CLOCKWISE ALLOWING PRESSURE TO SLOWLY
RELEASE. AFTER ALL PRESSURE

HAS

BEEN

RELEASED, REMOVE THE COOLANT TANK CAP
COMPLETELY.

DO NOT WASTE reusable coolant. If the solution

is clean, drain the coolant into a clean container for
reuse.

(1) Observe the previous WARNINGS and remove

the coolant tank pressure/vent cap.

(2) The plastic radiator draincock is located on the

bottom of the radiator tank. It can be accessed from
the bottom of vehicle.

(a) Attach one end of a 24 inch long X 1/4 inch

ID drain-hose to the nipple below the radiator
draincock.

(b) Put the other end of drain-hose into a clean

container.

2.5L VM DIESEL

7a - 11

2.5L VM DIESEL (Continued)

as viewed from the rear of the radiator) and drain
coolant from radiator.
(3) If the complete cooling system must be drained,

raise the vehicle and remove the cylinder block
drain-plug. This hex- headed plug is located on the
right/rear side of the engine above the starter motor.

CLEANING/REVERSE FLUSHING

CAUTION: The cooling system normally operates at
90-to-117 kPa (13- to-17 psi) pressure. Exceeding
this pressure may damage the radiator or hoses.

CLEANING

Drain cooling system and refill with water. Run

engine with coolant tank pressure/vent cap installed
until upper radiator hose is hot. Stop engine and
drain water from system. If water is dirty, fill system
with water, run engine and drain system. Repeat
until water drains clean.

REVERSE FLUSHING

Reverse flushing of the cooling system is the forc-

ing of water through the cooling system. This is done
using air pressure in the opposite direction of normal
coolant flow. It is usually only necessary with very
dirty systems with evidence of partial plugging.

REVERSE FLUSHING RADIATOR

Disconnect the radiator hoses from the radiator fit-

tings. Attach a section of radiator hose to the radia-
tor bottom outlet fitting and insert the flushing gun.
Connect a water supply hose and air supply hose to
the flushing gun.

CAUTION: The cooling system normally operates at
90-to-117 kPa (13- to-17 psi) pressure. Exceeding
this pressure may damage the radiator or hoses.

Allow the coolant tank and radiator to fill with

water. When radiator is filled, apply air in short
blasts allowing radiator to refill between blasts. Con-
tinue this reverse flushing until clean water flows
out through rear of radiator cooling tube passages.
For more information, refer to operating instructions
supplied with flushing equipment. Have radiator
cleaned more extensively by a radiator repair shop.

REVERSE FLUSHING ENGINE

Drain the cooling system. Remove the thermostat

housing and thermostat. Install the thermostat hous-
ing. Disconnect the radiator upper hose from the
radiator and attach the flushing gun to the hose. Dis-
connect the radiator lower hose from the water

pump. Attach a lead away hose to the water pump
inlet fitting.

CAUTION: Be sure that the heater water control
valve is closed (heat off). This is done to prevent
coolant flow with scale and other deposits from
entering the heater core.

Connect the water supply hose and air supply hose

to the flushing gun. Allow the engine to fill with
water. When the engine is filled, apply air in short
blasts, allowing the system to fill between air blasts.
Continue until clean water flows through the lead
away hose. For more information, refer to operating
instructions supplied with flushing equipment.

Remove the lead away hose, flushing gun, water

supply hose and air supply hose. Remove the thermo-
stat housing and install thermostat. Install the ther-
mostat housing with a new replacement rubber seal
(Refer to 7 - COOLING/ENGINE/THERMOSTAT
HOUSING - INSTALLATION). Refill the cooling sys-
tem with the correct antifreeze/water mixture.

CHEMICAL CLEANING

In some instances, use a radiator cleaner (Mopar

Radiator Kleen or equivalent) before flushing. This
will soften scale and other deposits and aid the flush-
ing operation.

CAUTION: Be sure instructions on the container are
followed.

SPECIFICATIONS

THERMOSTAT

Starts to open at 80°C (176°F).

COOLING SYSTEM CAPACITY

2.5L Diesel Engine: 9.8 Liters (10.4 qts.)

TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS

DESCRIPTION

TORQUE

Automatic Belt

Tensioner-to-Mounting

Bracket

Bolt (1)

75 N·m

Automatic Belt

Tensioner to Block

Bolts (2)

120 N·m

Coolant Tank

Cap

5 N·m

7a - 12

2.5L VM DIESEL

2.5L VM DIESEL (Continued)

DESCRIPTION

TORQUE

Fan Shroud-to-Radiator

Mounting

Bolts

3 N·m

Fan Blade-to-Thermal

Viscous Fan Drive

Bolts

23 N·m

Hose

Clamps

4 N·m

Radiator-to-A/C

Condenser Isolator

Nuts

6 N·m

Thermal Viscous Fan

Drive-to-Fan Hub

Bolts

56 N·m

Thermostat Housing

Bolts

11 N·m

Water Pump Mounting

Bolts

23 N·m

Water Pump Pulley

Bolts

27 N·m

COOLANT

DESCRIPTION

Coolant flows through the engine water jackets

and cylinder heads absorbing heat produced by the
engine during operation. The coolant carries heat to
the radiator and heater core. Here it is transferred to
the ambient air passing through the radiator and
heater core fins.

DESCRIPTION - COOLANT PERFORMANCE

The required ethylene-glycol (antifreeze) and water

mixture depends upon the climate and vehicle oper-
ating conditions. The recommended mixture of 50/50
ethylene-glycol and water will provide protection
against freezing to -37 deg. C (-35 deg. F). The anti-
freeze concentration must always be a minimum of
44 percent, year-round in all climates. If percentage
is lower than 44 percent, engine parts may be
eroded by cavitation, and cooling system com-
ponents may be severely damaged by corrosion.
Maximum protection against freezing is provided
with a 68 percent antifreeze concentration, which
prevents freezing down to -67.7 deg. C (-90 deg. F). A
higher percentage will freeze at a warmer tempera-
ture. Also, a higher percentage of antifreeze can
cause the engine to overheat because the specific
heat of antifreeze is lower than that of water.

100 Percent Ethylene-Glycol—Should Not Be Used in
Chrysler Vehicles

Use of 100 percent ethylene-glycol will cause for-

mation of additive deposits in the system, as the cor-
rosion inhibitive additives in ethylene-glycol require
the presence of water to dissolve. The deposits act as
insulation, causing temperatures to rise to as high as
149 deg. C (300) deg. F). This temperature is hot
enough to melt plastic and soften solder. The
increased temperature can result in engine detona-
tion. In addition, 100 percent ethylene-glycol freezes
at 22 deg. C (-8 deg. F ).

Propylene-glycol Formulations—Should Not Be Used in
Chrysler Vehicles

Propylene-glycol formulations do not meet

Chrysler coolant specifications. It’s overall effec-
tive temperature range is smaller than that of ethyl-
ene-glycol. The freeze point of 50/50 propylene-glycol
and water is -32 deg. C (-26 deg. F). 5 deg. C higher
than ethylene-glycol’s freeze point. The boiling point
(protection against summer boil-over) of propylene-
glycol is 125 deg. C (257 deg. F ) at 96.5 kPa (14 psi),
compared to 128 deg. C (263 deg. F) for ethylene-gly-
col. Use of propylene-glycol can result in boil-over or
freeze-up in Chrysler vehicles, which are designed for
ethylene-glycol. Propylene glycol also has poorer heat
transfer characteristics than ethylene glycol. This
can increase cylinder head temperatures under cer-
tain conditions.

Propylene-glycol/Ethylene-glycol Mixtures—Should Not Be
Used in Chrysler Vehicles

Propylene-glycol/ethylene-glycol

Mixtures

can

cause the destabilization of various corrosion inhibi-
tors, causing damage to the various cooling system
components. Also, once ethylene-glycol and propy-
lene-glycol based coolants are mixed in the vehicle,
conventional methods of determining freeze point will
not be accurate. Both the refractive index and spe-
cific gravity differ between ethylene glycol and propy-
lene glycol.

CAUTION - LOW COOLANT LEVEL – AERATION

CAUTION: Engine damage could occur if the cool-
ant level is allowed to get this low. Always ensure
that the coolant level is not below the full mark. For
better visibility of the coolant level use a shop lamp
to light the pressurized coolant tank and look
through the pressurized coolant tank.

2.5L VM DIESEL

7a - 13

2.5L VM DIESEL (Continued)

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