Volvo V90 Cross Country (2019 year). Instruction - part 25

•

•

Braking assist after a collision (p. 426)

•

•

Hill Start Assist (p. 426)

•

City Safety™ (p. 339)

•

Hill Descent Control (p. 445)

Brakes

The brake pedal is used to apply the vehicle's
regular brakes, which are part of the brake sys-
tem.

The vehicle is equipped with two brake circuits. If
one brake circuit is damaged, the brake pedal will
go down further when depressed. More pressure
will then be required from the driver for normal
braking effect.

The driver's pressure on the brake pedal is
enhanced by a power braking function.

WARNING

Power braking only functions if the engine is

running.

If the brake pedal is used when the engine is
turned off, the pedal will feel stiffer than usual
and greater pressure must be applied to brake
the vehicle.

In very hilly areas or when driving with a heavy
load, engine braking in manual gear should be
used to augment the brakes. Engine braking is
most effective if the same gear is used both
uphill and downhill. Use the Off Road drive mode
to increase the engine braking effect when driv-
ing on steep downgrades at low speeds.

STARTING AND DRIVING

419

Anti-lock brakes

The vehicle is equipped with an Anti-lock Braking
System (ABS), which helps prevent the wheels
from locking and helps maintain steering control
when braking. Vibrations may be felt from the
brake pedal when ABS is operating, which is nor-
mal.

After the vehicle is started, a brief test of the
ABS system is automatically performed when the
driver releases the brake pedal. An additional
automatic test of the system may be performed
when the vehicle is traveling at a low speed. Dur-
ing the test, the brake pedal may feel as though it
is pulsating.

Symbols in the instrument panel

Symbol

Meaning

Check the brake fluid level. If the
level is low, fill brake fluid and
check to determine the reason for
the loss of brake fluid.

Steady glow for 2 seconds after
the engine is started: Automatic
function check.

Steady glow for more than 2 sec-
onds: Fault in the ABS system. The
vehicle's regular brake system is
still working, but without the ABS
function.

In Canada.

In the US.

WARNING

If the warning symbols for both brake fault

and ABS fault are lit simultaneously, there

may be a fault in the brake system.

•

If the brake fluid reservoir level is normal
when this occurs, drive carefully to the
nearest workshop to have the brake sys-
tem checked - an authorized Volvo work-
shop is recommended.

•

If the brake fluid has fallen below the MIN
level in the brake fluid reservoir, the vehi-
cle should not be driven until the brake
fluid has been filled. The reason for the
brake fluid loss must be checked.

Related information

•

Brake Assist System (p. 420)

•

Hill Start Assist (p. 426)

•

•

Braking on wet roads (p. 420)

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Braking on salted roads (p. 420)

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Maintenance of the brake system (p. 421)

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Brake lights (p. 163)

STARTING AND DRIVING

420

Brake Assist System

The brake enhancing system, Brake Assist
System (BAS), helps increase braking force and
thereby reduce braking distance.

The system monitors the driver's braking habits
and increases braking force when necessary.
Braking force can be increased up to the point at
which the ABS intervenes. The function is deacti-
vated when pressure on the brake pedal is
decreased.

When BAS is activated, the brake pedal will
go down slightly more than usual. Press
(hold) down the brake pedal as long as nec-
essary.

When the brake pedal is released, all braking
ceases.

Related information

•

Braking on wet roads

Prolonged driving in heavy rain without braking
may cause braking effect to be slightly delayed
the first time the brakes are applied.

This may also occur after washing the vehicle. It
will then be necessary to apply greater pressure
to the brake pedal. You should therefore maintain
a greater distance to the vehicle ahead.

Firmly apply the brakes after washing the vehicle
or driving on wet roads. This helps warm up the
brake discs, enabling them to dry more quickly
and protecting them against corrosion. Consider
the current traffic situation when braking.

Related information

•

Braking on salted roads (p. 420)

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Braking on salted roads

When driving on salted roads, a layer of salt may
form on the brake discs and brake pads.

This could increase stopping distance. Maintain
an extra large safety distance to the vehicle
ahead. Make sure to also:

•

Apply the brakes from time to time to help
remove salt. Make sure braking does not
pose a risk to any other road users.

•

Gently apply the brakes when you have fin-
ished driving and before driving again.

Related information

•

Braking on wet roads (p. 420)

•

STARTING AND DRIVING

421

Maintenance of the brake system

Regularly check the brake system components
for wear.

To keep the vehicle as safe and reliable as possi-
ble, follow the Volvo service schedule specified in
the Warranty and Maintenance Records Informa-
tion booklet. New and replaced brake pads and
brake discs do not provide optimal braking effect
until they are "broken in" by driving a few hun-
dred kilometers (miles). Compensate for the
reduced braking effect by applying greater pres-
sure to the brake pedal. Volvo recommends only
using brake pads approved for your Volvo.

CAUTION

The brake system's components should be
regularly checked for wear.

Contact a workshop for advice on how to do
this or let a workshop perform the inspection
- an authorized Volvo workshop is recom-
mended.

Related information

•

Activating and deactivating the parking brake
(p. 422)

Parking brake

The parking brake helps keep the vehicle sta-
tionary by mechanically locking two wheels.

The parking brake controls are located in the tunnel
console between the seats.

When the electric parking brake is being applied,
a faint sound can be heard from the brake's elec-
tric motor. This sound can also be heard during
the automatic function check of the parking
brake.

If the vehicle is stationary when the parking brake
is applied, it will only be applied to the rear
wheels. If it is applied while the vehicle is moving,
the normal brakes will be used on all four wheels.
Braking will be transferred to only the rear
wheels when the vehicle is almost stopped.

Related information

•

•

Parking on a hill (p. 423)

•

Parking brake malfunction (p. 424)

•

STARTING AND DRIVING

422

Activating and deactivating the

parking brake

Use the parking brake to help keep the vehicle
stationary when it is parked.

Activating the parking brake

1. Pull up the control.

> The symbol in the instrument panel will

illuminate when the parking brake is acti-
vated.

2. Make sure the vehicle is stationary.

Symbol in the instrument panel

Symbol

Meaning

The symbol will be illuminated
when the parking brake is acti-
vated.

A flashing symbol indicates that a
fault has been detected. Read the
message in the instrument panel.

In Canada.

In the US.

Automatic activation

The parking brake is applied automatically:

•

when the ignition is switched off and the set-
ting for automatically activating the parking
brake is activated in the center display.

•

if the Auto-hold function (automatic brake
application when the vehicle is stationary) is
activated and the vehicle has been stationary
for a prolonged period of time (5-10
minutes).

•

when the gear selector is moved to P on a
steep hill.

Emergency braking

In an emergency, the parking brake can be acti-
vated when the vehicle is moving by pulling and

holding up the control. The braking process is
canceled when the control is released or if the
accelerator pedal is depressed.

In case of emergency braking at high speeds,
a signal sounds during the brake procedure.

Deactivating the parking brake

Deactivating manually

1. Depress the brake pedal firmly.

2. Press the control.

> The parking brake will release and the

symbol in the instrument panel will go out.

STARTING AND DRIVING

423

Deactivating automatically

1. Fasten your seat belt.

2. Depress the brake pedal firmly.

3. Start the vehicle.

4. Move the gear selector to D or R and press

the accelerator pedal.
> The parking brake will release and the

symbol in the instrument panel will go out.

Settings for automatically activating the park-
ing brake (p. 423)

When the vehicle is initially started, the park-
ing brake could disengage automatically even
if the driver's seat belt is not buckled.

Related information

•

•

Parking brake malfunction (p. 424)

•

Parking on a hill (p. 423)

•

Settings for automatically activating

the parking brake

Choose whether the parking brake should be
activated automatically when the vehicle is
switched off.

This selection is made in the Settings menu in
the center display.

1. Tap

Settings

in the Top view.

2. Tap

My Car

Parking Brake and

Suspension

and select or deselect the

Auto Activate Parking Brake

function.

Related information

•

Activating and deactivating the parking brake
(p. 422)

•

Activating and deactivating the parking brake
(p. 422)

Parking on a hill

Always use the parking brake when parking on a
hill.

WARNING

Always apply the parking brake when parking

on an incline. Selecting a gear or putting the

automatic transmission in P may not be suffi-

cient to keep the vehicle stationary in all sit-

uations.

If the vehicle is pointing uphill:

•

Turn the front wheels so they are pointing
away from the curb.

If the vehicle is pointing downhill:

•

Turn the front wheels so they are pointing
toward the curb.

Heavy load uphill

Heavy loads, such as a trailer, could cause the
vehicle to roll backward when the parking brake
is released automatically on steep uphill gradi-
ents. To help avoid this, pull the control upward
while you are driving away. Release the control
when the vehicle gains traction.

Related information

•

STARTING AND DRIVING

424

Parking brake malfunction

If you are unable to deactivate or activate the
parking brake after several attempts, contact an
authorized Volvo workshop.

A audible warning signal will sound if the parking
brake is applied while the vehicle is being driven.

If the vehicle must be parked before the problem
is rectified, turn the wheels as when parking on
an incline and put the gear selector in P.

Low battery charge level

If the battery charge level is too low, it will not be
possible to apply or release the parking brake.
Connect an auxiliary battery to the vehicle if the
battery is discharged.

Replacing brake pads

Due to the design of the electric parking brake,
the rear brake pads must be replaced by a work-
shop. An authorized Volvo workshop is recom-
mended.

Symbols in the instrument panel

Symbol

Meaning

A flashing symbol indicates that a
fault has been detected. See the
message in the instrument panel.

Fault in the brake system. See the
message in the instrument panel.

Information message in the instru-
ment panel.

In Canada.

In the US.

Related information

•

Activating and deactivating the parking brake
(p. 422)

•

Start battery (p. 612)

•

Volvo's service program (p. 588)

STARTING AND DRIVING

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425

Auto-hold brakes

With the Auto-hold brake function, the driver can
release the brake pedal and the brakes will
remain applied, for example, when the vehicle
has stopped at a traffic light or intersection.

When the vehicle stops, the brakes are activated
automatically. The function can use either the
normal brakes or the parking brakes to keep the
vehicle stationary and works on flat surfaces or
hills. When driving off, the brakes will be automat-
ically released if the driver's seat belt is buckled.

Activating and deactivating Auto-hold at a
standstill (p. 425)

When braking to a stop on an uphill or down-
hill gradient, depress the brake pedal with
slightly more force than usual before releas-
ing to ensure that the vehicle cannot move at
all.

The parking brake is activated if:

•

the vehicle is switched off

•

the driver's door is opened

•

the driver's seat belt is removed

•

the vehicle has been stationary for a pro-
longed period of time (5-10 minutes)

Symbols in the instrument panel

Symbol

Meaning

This symbol illuminates when the
function is using the normal brakes
to keep the vehicle stationary.

This symbol illuminates when the
function is using the parking brake
to keep the vehicle stationary.

Canadian models.

US models.

Related information

•

•

•

Hill Start Assist (p. 426)

•

Activating and deactivating Auto-

hold at a standstill

The Auto-hold brake function at a standstill is
activated with the button in the tunnel console.

–

Press the button in the tunnel console to
activate or deactivate the function.
> The indicator light in the button will illumi-

nate when the function is activated. The
function will remain active the next time
the vehicle is started.

STARTING AND DRIVING

426

When shutting off

If the function is active and holding the
vehicle stationary using the normal
brakes (A symbol lit), the brake pedal
must be depressed while pressing the

button in order to deactivate Auto-hold.

•

The function will remain off until it is reactiva-
ted.

•

When Auto-hold is switched off, Hill Start
Assist (HSA) will remain active to help pre-
vent the vehicle from rolling backward when
starting up a hill.

Related information

•

Hill Start Assist

The function for assisting when starting the vehi-
cle on inclines, Hill Start Assist (HSA), helps
prevent the vehicle from rolling backward when
starting on an uphill gradient. When backing up
a hill, HSA helps prevent the vehicle from rolling
forward.

The function retains pressure from the brake
pedal in the brake system for several seconds
after the brake pedal has been released.

This temporary braking effect is released after a
few seconds or when the driver begins driving.

Hill Start Assist is available even if the Auto-hold
brake function is switched off.

Related information

•

•

Rear Collision Warning (p. 352)

Braking assist after a collision

In a collision in which the activation level is
reached for the pyrotechnic seat belt tensioners
or airbags, or if a collision with a large animal is
detected, the vehicle's brakes will be automati-
cally activated. This function is intended to help
prevent or reduce the effects of any subsequent
collision.

After a serious collision, it may no longer be pos-
sible to control and steer the vehicle. In order to
avoid or mitigate a possible further collision with
a vehicle or an object in the vehicle's path, the
brake assist system is activated automatically to
help stop the vehicle safely.

The brake lights and hazard warning flashers are
activated during braking. When the vehicle has
stopped, the hazard warning flashers will con-
tinue to flash and the parking brake will be
applied.

If braking is not appropriate, e.g. if there is a risk
of being hit by passing traffic, the driver can over-
ride the system by depressing the accelerator
pedal.

This function assumes that the brake system is
intact after a collision.

Brake assist is part of the Rear Collision Warning
and Blind Spot Information safety systems.

STARTING AND DRIVING

* Option/accessory.

427

Related information

•

•

BLIS* (p. 353)

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Brake functions (p. 418)

Transmission

The transmission is part of the vehicle's driveline
(power transmission) between the engine and
the drive wheels. The function of the transmis-
sion is to change gears depending on speed
and power needs.

The vehicle has an 8-speed automatic transmis-
sion. The number of gears allows the engine's
torque and power band to be effectively utilized.
Two of the gears are overdrive gears that save
fuel when driving at a constant engine speed.
Manual shifting is also possible. The instrument
panel shows the gear currently in use.

CAUTION

Check the operating temperature of the
transmission to help avoid damage to any of
the drive system components. If there is a risk
of overheating, a warning symbol will appear
in the instrument panel and a text message
will be displayed. Follow the recommenda-
tions given.

Symbols in the instrument panel

If a problem should occur with the transmission, a
symbol and a message will appear in the instru-
ment panel.

Symbol

Meaning

Information and messages related
to the transmission. Follow the rec-
ommendations provided.

Hot or overheated transmission.
Follow the recommendations provi-
ded.

Reduced performance

Acceler-

ation performance reduced

In the event of a temporary fault in
the driveline, the vehicle may go
into a "limp home" mode with
reduced power output to help avoid
damage to the driveline.

Related information

•

Gear selector positions for automatic trans-
missions (p. 428)

STARTING AND DRIVING

428

Gear selector positions for

automatic transmissions

In vehicles with an automatic transmission, the
system selects the optimal gear for the current
driving conditions. The transmission also has a
manual mode.

The instrument panel shows which gear is cur-
rently in use:

In manual gear mode, the gear indicator in the
instrument panel displays the gear currently
being used.

Gear selector positions

Park - P

In P mode, the transmission is mechanically
locked.

Select P when the vehicle is parked or when star-
ting the engine. The vehicle must be stationary
when Park is selected.

To move to another gear from Park, the brake
pedal must be depressed and the ignition in
mode II.

When parking – apply the parking brake before
shifting to Park.

WARNING

Always apply the parking brake when parking

on an incline. Selecting a gear or putting the

automatic transmission in P may not be suffi-

cient to keep the vehicle stationary in all sit-

uations.

Using the steering wheel paddles* to shift
(p. 429)

The gear selector must be in the P position
before the vehicle can be locked and the
alarm set.

Reverse - R

Select R when backing up. The vehicle must be
stationary when Reverse is selected.

Neutral - N

No gear is selected and the engine can be
started. Apply the parking brake if the vehicle is
stationary with the gear selector in N.

To move the gear selector from Neutral to
another gear, the brake pedal must be depressed
and the ignition in mode II.

D drive mode

D is the normal driving gear position. The trans-
mission shifts up or down automatically depend-
ing on acceleration and speed. The vehicle must
be stationary when the gear selector is moved
from R to D.

STARTING AND DRIVING

}}

* Option/accessory.

429

Manual shifting mode - M

Manual shifting mode can be selected at any
time during a drive. Engine braking will occur
when the accelerator pedal is released.

Select manual shifting mode by moving the gear
selector sideways from D to

±. The current gear

will be displayed in the instrument panel.

•

Push the gear selector forward toward +
(plus) and release to shift up one gear.

•

Pull the gear selector backward toward –
(minus) and release to shift down one gear.

Manual shifting mode in the instrument panel

For smooth shifting and engine performance, the
transmission will shift down automatically if the
vehicle's speed becomes too low for the selected
gear.

Move the gear selector sideways to D at any time
to return to automatic shifting.

Related information

•

Shiftlock (p. 431)

•

•

The kickdown function (p. 432)

Using the steering wheel paddles*

to shift

The steering wheel paddles are a supplement to
the gear selector and make it possible to shift
manually without removing your hands from the
steering wheel.

Activating the steering wheel paddles

In order to shift gears using the paddles, they
must first be activated:

–

Pull one of the paddles toward the steering
wheel.
> A number in the instrument panel indi-

cates the current gear being used.

Instrument panel when the paddles are activated for
shifting.

The illustration is generic - details may vary according to vehicle model.

STARTING AND DRIVING

430

In shift mode M, the paddles are automatically
activated.

Instrument panel when the paddles are activated for
shifting in manual mode.

Change

To shift one gear:

–

Pull one of the paddles toward the steering
wheel and then release.

"-": Shift down one gear.

"+": Shift up one gear.

As long as the engine speed (rpm) is within the
permissible range for the selected gear, a gear
shift will take place each time a paddle is pulled.

After each gear shift, a number indicating the
current gear will be displayed in the instrument
panel.

Turning off Start/Stop

Manual deactivation in gear position D
–

Deactivate the paddles by pulling the right
paddle (+) toward the steering wheel and
holding it until the number of the current
gear is no longer displayed in the instrument
panel.

Automatic deactivation

In gear position D, the steering wheel paddles
are deactivated after a short period of time if they
are not used. The number of the current gear will
no longer be displayed in the instrument panel. If
engine braking is currently being used, the pad-
dles will remain active until engine braking stops.

In gear position M, the paddles will not activate
automatically.

Related information

•

Gear selector positions for automatic trans-
missions (p. 428)

STARTING AND DRIVING

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431

Shiftlock

The automatic transmission's shiftlock function
helps prevent inadvertently moving the gear
selector between different positions.

There are two types of shiftlocks: mechanical and
automatic.

Mechanical shiftlock

The gear selector can be moved back and forth
between N and D. The other positions have a
shiftlock that is operated using the lock button on
the gear selector.

Press and hold the shiftlock button and move the
gear selector forward or backward between P, R,
N and D.

Automatic shiftlock

The automatic shiftlock has a separate safety
system.

From Park - P

To move to another gear from P (Park), the brake
pedal must be depressed and the ignition in
mode II.

From Neutral - N

If the gear selector is in N and the vehicle has
been stationary for at least 3 seconds (with or
without the engine running), the gear selector will
be locked in that position.

To move the gear selector from N to another
gear, the brake pedal must be depressed and the
ignition in mode II.

Related information

•

Gear selector positions for automatic trans-
missions (p. 428)

•

Deactivating the automatic shiftlock (p. 431)

Deactivating the automatic shiftlock

The automatic shiftlock can still be disengaged
even when there is no electrical current to the
vehicle.

If the vehicle cannot be driven (e.g. due to a dis-
charged battery), the gear selector must be
moved to the N position so that the vehicle can
be moved.

Lift the rubber mat in the storage compart-
ment in front of the gear selector. Locate the
hole with a spring-loaded button in the bot-
tom of the compartment.

Press a small screwdriver or similar object
into the hole and hold it down.

Move the gear selector to N and release the
button.

4. Replace the rubber mat.

STARTING AND DRIVING

432

Related information

•

Shiftlock (p. 431)

•

Gear selector positions for automatic trans-
missions (p. 428)

The kickdown function

Kickdown

is used when maximum acceleration

is needed, e.g. when passing.

When the accelerator pedal is depressed all the
way to the floor (past the normal full accelerator
position), the transmission will automatically
engage kickdown, i.e. immediately shift down to a
lower gear.

If the accelerator pedal is released from the kick-
down position, the transmission will automatically
shift up again.

Safety function

The transmission control module is equipped with
a downshift protection feature to help prevent the
engine from overheating.

In some conditions, the transmission will prevent
downshifting/kickdown if this would lead to such
high engine speed (rpm) that the engine could
be damaged. If the driver still attempts downshift-
ing or kickdown at a high rpm, nothing will hap-
pen and the original gear will remain selected.

With kickdown, the vehicle can downshift one or
more steps at a time depending on the engine
speed. The vehicle upshifts when the engine rea-
ches its maximum rpm to prevent engine dam-
age.

Related information

•

Gear selector positions for automatic trans-
missions (p. 428)

Only possible with automatic transmission.

STARTING AND DRIVING

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* Option/accessory.

433

All Wheel Drive (AWD)

All-wheel drive, All Wheel Drive (AWD), also
called four-wheel drive, means that power is dis-
tributed to all four wheels, which improves trac-
tion.

To achieve the best traction, power is automati-
cally directed to the wheels that have the best
grip. The system continuously calculates the
need for torque to the rear wheels, and can
immediately redistribute up to half of the engine's
torque to the rear wheels.

All-wheel drive also has a stabilizing effect at
higher speeds. In normal driving conditions, most
of the engine's power is directed to the front
wheels. When the vehicle is stationary, all-wheel
drive is always activated in preparation for maxi-
mum traction during acceleration.

All-wheel drive reacts differently depending on
which drive mode is selected.

Related information

•

Drive modes* (p. 433)

•

Low Speed Control (p. 444)

•

Transmission (p. 427)

Drive modes*

Drive modes affect the vehicle's driving charac-
teristics in different ways to enhance and sim-
plify the driving experience in certain types of sit-
uations.

Drive modes enable easy access to the vehicle's
many functions and settings in different driving
situations. The following systems are adapted to
help optimize driving characteristics in each drive
mode:

•

Steering

•

Engine/transmission/all-wheel drive

•

Brakes

•

Shock absorbers

•

Instrument panel

•

Start/Stop function

•

Climate control settings

Select the drive mode that is best suited to the
current driving conditions. Keep in mind that not
all drive modes are available in all situations.

Available drive modes

COMFORT

•

This is the vehicle's default mode.

When the engine is started, the vehicle will be in
Comfort mode and the Start/Stop function will be
activated. This setting offers driving comfort, light
steering and soft suspension.

ECO

•

Adapt the vehicle for more fuel-efficient and
eco-friendly driving with Eco mode.

In this mode, the Start/Stop function is activated
and certain climate settings are reduced.

The instrument panel has an ECO gauge to facili-
tate fuel-efficient driving.

OFF ROAD

•

Helps maximize the vehicle's ability to tra-
verse difficult terrain or poor roads.

Steering is light and all-wheel drive and Hill
Descent Control are activated. The Start/Stop
function is deactivated.

This mode can only be activated at low speeds.
The permitted speed range will be shown in the
speedometer. If this speed is exceeded, Off road
mode will be deactivated and another drive mode
activated.

In Off road mode, a compass will be displayed
between the speedometer and the tachometer in
the instrument panel.