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Toyota T100 (1998 year). Instruction - part 13

T100(U)

ENGINE OIL SELECTION

NOTICE

Use API SH,

”Energy-Conserving II” or

z Avoid overfilling, or the engine

SJ, ”Energy−Conserving” multigrade engine

could be damaged.

oil or ILSAC multigrade engine oil.

z Check the oil level on the dipstick

Recommended viscosity (SAE):

once again after adding the oil.

Oil identification marks

Either or both API registered marks are

added to some oil containers to help

SAE 5W-30 is the best choice for your

you select the oil you should use.

vehicle, for good fuel economy, and

good starting in cold weather.

The API Service Symbol is located any-

where on the outside of the container.

If you use SAE

10W-30 engine oil in

extremely low temperatures, the engine

The top portion of the label shows the oil

may become difficult to start, so SAE

quality by API

(American Petroleum Insti-

5W-30 engine oil is recommended.

tute) designations such as SJ. The center

portion of the label shows the SAE viscos-

ity grade such as SAE

5W-30.

”Energy-

Conserving” shown in the lower portion,

indicates that the oil has fuel-saving capa-

bilities.

180

T100(U)

Checking the engine coolant

level

Look at the see-through coolant reser-

Coolant type selection

voir when the engine is cold. The cool-

Your coolant must contain ethylene-glycol

ant level is satisfactory if it is between

antifreeze. In addition to preventing freez-

the

”FULL” and

”LOW” lines on the

ing and subsequent damage to the engine,

reservoir. If the level is low, add ethyl-

this will also prevent corrosion. Further

ene-glycol type coolant.

supplemental inhibitors or additives are

The coolant level in the reservoir will vary

neither needed nor recommended.

with engine temperature. However, if the

Read the antifreeze container for informa-

level is on or below the

”LOW” line, add

tion on freeze protection. Follow the

coolant. Bring the level up to the

”FULL”

manufacturer’s directions for how much to

line.

mix with water. The total capacity of the

Use only ethylene-glycol type coolant. See

cooling system is given in Part

8. We

information in the next column.

recommend 50% solution be used for your

Toyota, or a sufficient quantity to provide

The ILSAC

(International Lubricant Stan-

If the coolant level drops within a short

protection to about

-35°C (-31°F).

dardization and Approval Committee) Certi-

time after replenishing, there may be a

fication Mark is displayed on the front of

leak in the system. Visually check the

NOTICE

the container.

radiator, hoses, radiator cap and drain

cock and water pump.

Do not use alcohol type antifreeze or

If you can find no leak, have your Toyota

plain water alone.

dealer test the cap pressure and check

for leaks in the cooling system.

CAUTION

To prevent burning yourself, do not

remove the radiator cap when the en-

gine is hot.

181

T100(U)

Checking brake fluid

Checking power steering fluid

If the level is low, add SAE J1703 or

FMVSS No.116 DOT 3 brake fluid to the

brake reservoir.

Remove and replace the reservoir cover

by hand. Fill the brake fluid to the dotted

line. This brings the fluid to the correct

level when you put the cover back on.

Use only newly opened brake fluid. Once

opened, brake fluid absorbs moisture from

the air, and excess moisture can cause a

dangerous loss of braking.

CAUTION

To check the fluid levels, simply look at

Check the fluid level on the dipstick. If

Take care when filling the reservoir

the see-through reservoirs. The level

necessary, add automatic transmission

because brake fluid can harm your

should be between the

”MAX” and

fluid DEXRON®-II or -III.

eyes and damage painted surfaces. If

”MIN” lines on the reservoir.

If the vehicle has been driven around

80

fluid gets in your eyes, flush your

It is normal for the brake fluid level to go

km/h

(50 mph) for

20 minutes

(a little

eyes with clean water.

down slightly as the brake pads wear. So

more in frigid temperatures), the fluid is

be sure to keep the reservoir filled.

hot (40°C-80°C or 104°F-175°F). You may

If the reservoir needs frequent refilling, it

NOTICE

also check the level when the fluid is cold

(about room temperature,

0°C-40°C or

may indicate a serious mechanical prob-

If you spill the fluid, be sure to wash

32°F-104°F) if the engine has not been

lem.

it off with water to prevent it from

run for about five hours.

damaging the parts or paint.

a. Clean all dirt from outside of the reser-

voir tank.

b. Remove the filler cap by turning it

counterclockwise and wipe the dipstick

clean.

182

T100(U)

Checking tire pressure

c. Reinstall the filler cap.

Keep your tire pressures at the proper

The following instructions for checking

level.

tire pressure should be observed:

d. Remove the filler cap again and look

at the fluid level. If the fluid is cold,

The recommended cold tire pressures, tire

D The pressure should be checked only

the level should be in the

”COLD”

size and the cargo weight rating are given

when the tires are cold. If your ve-

range on the dipstick. Similarly, if it is

8.

in Part

hicle has been parked for at least

3

hot, the fluid level should be in the

hours and has not been driven for

You should check the tire pressures every

”HOT” range. If the level is at the low

more than 1.5 km or 1 mile since, you

two weeks, or at least once a month. And

side of either range, add automatic

will get an accurate cold tire pressure

don’t forget the spare!

transmission fluid DEXRON®-II or

-III

reading.

Incorrect tire pressure can reduce tire

to bring the level within the range.

D Always use a tire pressure gauge.

life and make your vehicle less safe to

e. After replacing the filler cap, visually

The appearance of a tire can be mis-

drive.

check the steering box case, vane

leading. Besides, tire pressures that

Low tire pressure results in excessive

pump and hose connections for leaks

are even just a few pounds off can

wear, poor handling, reduced fuel econo-

or damage.

degrade handling and ride.

my, and the possibility of blowouts from

D Do not bleed or reduce tire pressure

overheated tires. Also, low tire pressure

CAUTION

after driving. It is normal for the tire

can cause poor sealing of the tire bead.

pressure to be higher after driving.

If the tire pressure is excessively low,

The reservoir tank may be hot so be

there is the possibility of wheel deforma-

D Never exceed the cargo weight rat-

careful not to burn yourself.

tion and/or tire separation.

ing. The luggage weight should be dis-

tributed evenly.

High tire pressure produces a harsh ride,

NOTICE

handling problems, excessive wear at the

D Be sure to reinstall the tire inflation

center of the tire tread, and a greater

valve caps. Without the valve caps,

Avoid overfilling, or the power steer-

possibility of tire damage from road haz-

dirt or moisture could get into the valve

ing could be damaged.

ards.

core and cause air leakage. If the caps

have been lost, have new ones put on

If a tire frequently needs refilling, have it

as soon as possible.

checked by your Toyota dealer.

183

T100(U)

Checking and replacing tires

Check the tires regularly for damage

such as cuts, splits and cracks. If any

CAUTION

damage is found, consult with a techni-

D Do not mix radial, bias belted, or

cian and have the tire repaired or re-

bias-ply tires on your vehicle. It can

placed.

cause dangerous handling charac-

Even if the damage does not appear seri-

teristics, resulting in loss of con-

ous, a qualified technician should examine

trol.

the damage. Objects which have pene-

D Do not use tires or wheels other

trated the tire may have caused internal

damage.

than the manufacturer’s recom-

mended size.

Any tires which are over six years old

must be checked by a qualified techni-

Toyota recommends all four tires, or at

cian even if damage is not obvious.

least both of the front or rear tires be

CHECKING YOUR TIRES

Tires deteriorate with age even if they

replaced at a time as a set.

have never or seldom been used.

Check the tire tread for the tread wear

See ”If you have a flat tire” in Part

4 for

indicators. If the indicators show, re-

This also applies to the spare tire and

tire change procedure.

place the tires.

tires stored for future use.

When a tire is replaced, the wheel

The tires on your Toyota have built-in

REPLACING YOUR TIRES

should always be balanced.

tread wear indicators to help you know

When replacing a tire, use only the

An unbalanced wheel may affect vehicle

when the tires need replacement. When

same size and construction as original-

handling and tire life. Wheels can get out

the tread depth wears to

1.6 mm

(0.06

ly installed and with the same or great-

of balance with regular use and should

in.) or less, the indicators will appear. If

er load capacity.

therefore be balanced occasionally.

you can see the indicators in two or more

Using any other size or type of tire may

adjacent grooves, the tire should be re-

When replacing a tubeless tire, the air

seriously affect handling, ride, speedome-

placed. The lower the tread, the higher

valve should also be replaced with a

ter/odometer calibration, ground clearance,

the risk of skidding.

new one.

and clearance between the body and tires

The effectiveness of snow tires is lost

or snow chains.

if the tread wears down below

4 mm

(0.16 in.).

184

T100(U)

Rotating tires

Installing snow tires and chains

To equalize tire wear and help extend

WHEN TO USE SNOW TIRES OR

tire life, Toyota recommends that you

CHAINS

rotate your tires approximately every

Snow tires or chains are recommended

12000 km

(7500 miles). However, the

when driving on snow or ice.

most appropriate timing for tire rotation

On wet or dry roads, conventional tires

may vary according to your driving hab-

provide better traction than snow tires.

its and road surface conditions.

SNOW TIRE SELECTION

See ”If you have a flat tire” in Part

4 for

tire change procedure.

If you need snow tires, select the same

size, construction and load capacity as

When rotating tires, check for uneven

the original tires on your Toyota.

wear and damage. Abnormal wear is usu-

ally caused by incorrect tire pressure, im-

Do not use tires other than those men-

proper wheel alignment, out-of-balance

tioned above. Do not install studded tires

wheels, or severe braking.

without first checking local regulations for

possible restrictions.

SNOW TIRE INSTALLATION

Snow tires should be installed on all

wheels.

Installing snow tires on the rear wheels

only can lead to an excessive difference

in road grip capability between the front

and rear tires which could cause loss of

vehicle control.

When storing removed tires, you should

store them in a cool dry place.

Mark the direction of rotation and be sure

to install them in the same direction when

replacing.

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T100(U)

Replacing wheels

WHEN TO REPLACE YOUR WHEELS

CAUTION

CAUTION

If you have wheel damage such as

bending, cracks or heavy corrosion, the

D Do not drive with the snow tires

D Do not exceed 50 km/h (30 mph) or

wheel should be replaced.

incorrectly inflated.

the chain manufacturer’s recom-

mended speed limit, whichever is

If you fail to replace damaged wheels, the

D Never drive over 120 km/h (75 mph)

lower.

tire may slip off the wheel or they may

with any type of snow tires.

cause loss of handling control.

D Drive carefully avoiding bumps,

holes, and sharp turns, which may

WHEEL SELECTION

TIRE CHAIN SELECTION

cause the vehicle to bounce.

When replacing wheels, care should be

Use the tire chains of correct size.

D Avoid sharp turns or locked-wheel

taken to ensure that the wheels are re-

Regulations regarding the use of tire

braking as use of chains may ad-

placed by ones with the same load ca-

chains vary according to location or

versely affect vehicle handling.

pacity, diameter, rim width, and offset.

type of road, so always check them

Correct replacement wheels are available

before installing chains.

at your Toyota dealer.

CHAIN INSTALLATION

A wheel of a different size or type may

Install the chains on the rear tires as

adversely affect handling, wheel and bear-

tightly as possible. Do not use tire

ing life, brake cooling, speedometer/odom-

chains on the front tires. Retighten

eter calibration, stopping ability, headlight

chains after driving 0.5-1.0 km (1/4-1/2

aim, bumper height, vehicle ground clear-

mile).

ance, and tire or snow chain clearance to

the body and chassis.

When installing chains on your tires, care-

fully follow the instructions of the chain

Replacement with used wheels is not rec-

manufacturer.

ommended as they may have been sub-

jected to rough treatment or high mileage

If wheel covers are used, they will be

and could fail without warning. Also, bent

scratched by the chain band, so remove

wheels which have been straightened may

the covers before putting on the chains.

have structural damage and therefore

should not be used. Never use an inner

tube in a leaking wheel which is designed

for a tubeless tire.

186

T100(U)

Checking battery condition—

—Precautions

Part 7

D If electrolyte gets on your skin,

DO-IT-YOURSELF

CAUTION

thoroughly wash the contact area. If

MAINTENANCE—

BATTERY PRECAUTIONS

you feel pain or burning, get medi-

cal attention immediately.

The battery produces flammable and

D If electrolyte gets on your clothes,

Chapter 7−3

explosive hydrogen gas.

there is a possibility of its soaking

D Do not cause a spark from the bat-

Electrical components

through to your skin, so immediate-

tery with tools.

ly take off the exposed clothing and

D Do not smoke or light a match near

follow the procedure above, if nec-

D Checking battery condition

the battery.

essary.

D Battery recharging precautions

The electrolyte contains poisonous

D If you happen to swallow electro-

D Checking and replacing fuses

and corrosive sulfuric acid.

lyte, drink a large quantity of water

or milk. Follow with milk of magne-

D Adding washer fluid

D Avoid contact with eyes, skin or

sia, beaten raw egg or vegetable

clothes.

D Replacing light bulbs

oil. Then go immediately for emer-

D Never ingest electrolyte.

gency help.

D Wear protective safety glasses when

working near the battery.

D Keep children away from the bat-

tery.

EMERGENCY MEASURES

D If electrolyte gets in your eyes,

flush your eyes with clean water

immediately and get immediate

medical attention. If possible, con-

tinue to apply water with a sponge

or cloth while en route to the medi-

cal office.

189

T100(U)

—Checking battery exterior

—Checking battery fluid

NOTICE

z Be sure the engine and all accesso-

ries are off before performing main-

tenance.

z When checking the battery, remove

the ground cable from the negative

terminal

(”-” mark) first and rein-

stall it last.

z Take care no solution gets into the

battery when washing it.

z Be careful not to cause a short cir-

cuit with tools.

Check the battery for corroded or loose

CHECKING BY THE HYDROMETER

terminal connections, cracks, or loose

Check the battery condition by the

hold-down clamp.

hydrometer color.

a. If the battery is corroded, wash it off

Hydrometer color

with a solution of warm water and bak-

Condition

ing soda. Coat the outside of the termi-

Type A

Type B

nals with grease to prevent further cor-

GREEN

BLUE

Good

rosion.

Charging necessary. Have

b. If the terminal connections are loose,

DARK

WHITE

battery checked by your

Toyota dealer.

tighten their clamp nuts-but do not

overtighten.

CLEAR or

Have battery checked by

LIGHT

RED

c. Tighten the hold-down clamp only

your Toyota dealer.

YELLOW

enough to keep the battery firmly in

place. Overtightening may damage the

battery case.

190

T100(U)

Battery recharging precautions

Checking and replacing fuses

During recharging, the battery is pro-

NOTICE

ducing hydrogen gas.

Therefore, before recharging:

Never recharge the battery while the

engine is running. Also, be sure all

1. If recharging with the battery installed

accessories are turned off.

on the vehicle, be sure to disconnect

the ground cable.

2. Be sure the power switch on the re-

charger is off when connecting the

charger cables to the battery and when

disconnecting them.

CAUTION

D Always charge the battery in an un-

confined area. Do not charge the

battery in a garage or closed room

where there is not sufficient ventila-

tion.

D Only do a slow charge (5A or less).

Charging at a quicker rate is dan-

gerous. The battery may explode,

causing personal injuries.

191

T100(U)

If you are not sure whether the fuse has

blown, try replacing the suspected fuse

CAUTION

with one that you know is good.

Never use a fuse with a higher am-

If the fuse has blown, push a new fuse

perage rating, or any other object, in

into the clip.

place of a fuse. This may cause ex-

Only install a fuse with the amperage rat-

tensive damage and possibly a fire.

ing designated on the fuse box lid.

If you do not have a spare fuse, in an

emergency you can pull out the

”CIG.”,

”RADIO”,

”DOME” or

”A/C” fuse, which

may be dispensable for normal driving,

and use it if its amperage rating is the

same.

If the headlights or other electrical

If you cannot use one of the same amper-

components do not work, check the

age, use one that is lower, but as close

fuses. If any of the fuses are blown,

as possible to, the rating. If the amperage

they must be replaced.

is lower than that specified, the fuse

See ”Fuse locations” in Chapter

7−1 for

might blow out again but this does not

locations of the fuses.

indicate anything wrong. Be sure to get

the correct fuse as soon as possible and

Turn the ignition switch and inoperative

return the substitute to its original clip.

component off. Pull a suspected fuse

straight out and check it.

It is a good idea to purchase a set of

spare fuses and keep them in your ve-

Determine which fuse may be causing the

hicle for emergencies.

problem. The lid of the fuse box shows

the name of the circuit for each fuse. See

If the new fuse immediately blows out,

Part

8 of this manual for the functions

there is a problem with the electrical sys-

controlled by each circuit.

tem. Have your Toyota dealer correct it as

soon as possible.

Type A fuses can be pulled out by the

pull-out tool.

192

T100(U)

Adding washer fluid

Replacing light bulbs—

If any washer does not work, the wash-

The following illustrations show how to

er tank may be empty. Add washer

gain access to the bulbs. When replacing

fluid.

a bulb make sure the ignition switch and

light switch are off. Use bulbs with the

You may use plain water as washer fluid.

wattage ratings given in the table.

However, in cold areas where tempera-

tures range below freezing point, use

washer fluid containing antifreeze. This

CAUTION

product is available at your Toyota dealer

Halogen bulbs have pressurized gas

and most auto parts stores. Follow the

manufacturer’s directions for how much to

inside and require special handling.

mix with water.

They can burst or shatter if scratched

or dropped. Hold a bulb only by its

NOTICE

plastic or metal case. Do not touch

the glass part of a bulb with bare

Do not use engine antifreeze or any

hands.

NOTICE

other substitute because it may dam-

age your vehicle’s paint.

5VZ−FE engine vehicles for Canada:

NOTICE

When adding washer fluid, be careful

not to spill the fluid over the daytime

Only use a bulb of the listed type.

running light resistor.

193

T100(U)

—Headlights

Bulb

Light bulbs

W

Type

No.

Headlights

9003

60/55

A

Parking lights

168

5

C

Front turn signal lights

1156

27

B

Rear turn signal lights

1156

27

B

Stop and tail lights

1157

27/8

B

Back-up lights

1156

27

B

High mounted stoplight

168

5

C

License plate light

168

5

C

Interior light

—

8

D

Personal lights

—

5

D

1. Open the hood. Unplug the connec-

2.

Remove the rubber cover.

tor. Turn the plastic cover counter-

Glovebox light

—

5

C

clockwise and remove it.

Step lights

—

5

C

If the connector is tight wiggle it.

A: HB2 halogen bulbs

B: Single end bulbs

C: Wedge base bulbs

D: Double end bulbs

194

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