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27
ɆɈɇɈɏɊɈɆɇɕɃ ȾɂɋɉɅȿɃ ȼ
ɗɬɨɬ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸ-
ɳɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ:
-
ɜɪɟɦɹ,
-
ɞɚɬɭ,
-
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ* (ɨɧɚ
ɦɢɝɚɟɬ ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɨɬ -3 ɞɨ 3 °C),
-
ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɞɜɟɪɟɣ ɢ ɤɪɵɲɟɤ.
ɉɢɤɬɨɝɪɚɦɦɚ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɭɤɚɠɟɬ, ɤɚɤɚɹ
ɞɜɟɪɶ ɧɟ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɚ,
-
ɤɪɚɬɤɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɚɜɚɪɢɣ-
ɧɨɦ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ: "ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɡɚɪɹɞ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɹɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɛɚɬɚɪɟɢ"), ɢɥɢ ɢɧ-
ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ: "ɦɚɥɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɜ
ɛɚɤɟ"), ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɞɚɥɢɬɶ, ɧɚɠɢɦɚɹ
ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɢ
1
ɢɥɢ
2
,
-
ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ.
ɇɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɚ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ
ɍɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɨɣ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ
1
ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ
ɞɜɭɯ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ
ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭ-
ɸɳɢɣ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɦɢɝɚɬɶ: ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɭ
ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɬɶ.
Ɂɚɬɟɦ ɤɚɠɞɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ
1
ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɤ ɜɵɡɨɜɭ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ
ɞɥɹ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɣɤɢ:
-
ɹɡɵɤ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɯ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ,
-
ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ (ɤɦ/ɱ ɢɥɢ
ɦɢɥɶ/ɱ),
-
ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ (ɝɪɚ-
ɞɭɫɵ ɐɟɥɶɫɢɹ ɢɥɢ Ɏɚɪɟɧɝɟɣɬɚ),
-
ɮɨɪɦɚɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ (12-ɬɢ ɢɥɢ 24-ɯ ɱɚɫɨɜɨɣ
ɮɨɪɦɚɬ),
-
ɱɚɫɵ,
-
ɦɢɧɭɬɵ,
-
ɝɨɞ,
-
ɦɟɫɹɰ,
-
ɱɢɫɥɨ.
ȼɵɛɪɚɧɧɵɣ
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ
ɦɨɠɧɨ
ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶ
ɤɪɚɬɤɢɦɢ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɹɦɢ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ
2
. ɉɪɢ ɞɥɢ-
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɧɢɤɚɤɢɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɜ
ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ 7 ɫɟɤɭɧɞ, ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɜɟɪɧɟɬɫɹ ɤ ɬɟɤɭ-
ɳɟɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ, ɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ
ɨɫɬɚɧɭɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ.
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ:
Ʉɪɚɬɤɢɦ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ
2
ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɧɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɜɵɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɡɚ ɛɨɪɬɨɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɡɚ ɛɨɪɬɨɦ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɫɹ
ɜ ɞɢɚɩɚɡɨɧɟ ɨɬ -3° ɞɨ 3 °C, ɨɧɚ ɜɵɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɞɢɫ-
ɩɥɟɣ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ, ɚ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɨɜ - ɜɨ
ɜɬɨɪɭɸ.
*
Ɍɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɤɥɢɦɚɬ-ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ.
ɄɈɇɌɊɈɅɖɇɕȿ ɉɊɂȻɈɊɕ, ɂɇȾɂɄȺɌɈɊɕ ɂ ɋɂȽɇȺɅɂɁȺɌɈɊɕ
28
ȾɂɋɉɅȿɃ ȼ
ȻɈɊɌɈȼɈɃ ɄɈɆɉɖɘɌȿɊ
ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄȺ ɇȺ ɇɈɅɖ
ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɢ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɣɬɟ ɟɟ ɜ ɬɟɱɟ-
ɧɢɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ.
Ɂɚɩɚɫ ɯɨɞɚ ("ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɶ")
ɗɬɨɬ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɫɭɞɢɬɶ ɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬ-
ɜɟ ɤɢɥɨɦɟɬɪɨɜ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɟɳɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɟɯɚɬɶ
ɫ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ, ɨɫɬɚɜɲɢɦɫɹ ɜ ɛɚɤɟ.
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ:
ɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɨɡ-
ɪɚɫɬɚɬɶ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɢɥɹ ɜɨɠ-
ɞɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɥɶɟɮɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵ ɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ
ɬɟɤɭɳɢɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ.
Ʉɚɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɡɚɩɚɫ ɯɨɞɚ ɫɬɚɧɟɬ ɦɟɧɟɟ 30 ɤɦ,
ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ ɡɚɝɨɪɹɬɫɹ ɬɪɢ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɚ.
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɞɨɡɚɩɪɚɜɤɢ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɨɦ, ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ
ɡɚɩɚɫɟ ɯɨɞɚ ɜɧɨɜɶ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɵɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɶ
ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɢɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ 100 ɤɦ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɜɦɟɫɬɨ ɰɢɮɪ ɞɨɥɝɨ ɜɵɫɜɟ-
ɱɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɟɝɦɟɧɬɵ, ɨɛɪɚɬɢ-
ɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸ ɫɟɬɶ PEUGEOT.
ɉɪɢ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɭɸ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ
ɪɵɱɚɝɚ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɹ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɨɱɢɫɬɢɬɟɥɹ
ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ:
-
ɡɚɩɚɫ ɯɨɞɚ ɩɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɭ (ɚɜɬɨɧɨɦɧɨɫɬɶ),
-
ɩɪɨɣɞɟɧɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ,
-
ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ,
-
ɬɟɤɭɳɢɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ,
-
ɫɪɟɞɧɸɸ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ.
ɋɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ
Ɉɧ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬ-
ɜɚ ɢɡɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɤ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ,
ɩɪɨɣɞɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɨɛɧɭɥɟɧɢɹ
ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ.
Ɍɟɤɭɳɢɣ ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ
ɗɬɨɬ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɧɢɣ
ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ ɡɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ.
Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɟɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɫɤɨɪɨ-
ɫɬɹɯ, ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɸɳɢɯ 30 ɤɦ/ɱɚɫ.
ɉɪɨɣɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ
ɗɬɨ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ, ɩɪɨɣɞɟɧɧɨɟ ɫ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ
ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɨɛɧɭɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨɝɨ
ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ.
ɋɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ
ɋɪɟɞɧɹɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɫ
ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɨɛɧɭɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɣ ɛɨɪɬɨɜɨ-
ɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɚ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɣɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ
ɩɭɬɢ ɧɚ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɩɨɟɡɞɤɢ, ɢɫɱɢɫɥɹɟɦɨɟ ɫ ɦɨ-
ɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ.
29
ȼȿɇɌɂɅəɐɂə
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ, ɫɥɭɠɚɳɚɹ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟ-
ɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɤɪɨɤɥɢɦɚɬɚ ɜ ɫɚɥɨɧɟ
ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ.
ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɉɨ ɜɵɛɨɪɭ ɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɶ-
ɫɹ ɜ ɫɚɥɨɧ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɩɭɬɹɦɢ:
-
ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɧɚɪɭɠɢ, ɦɢɧɭɹ ɫɢɫɬɟ-
ɦɵ ɬɟɪɦɨɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ,
-
ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɩɨɞɨɝɪɟɜɚ (ɨɬɨɩ-
ɥɟɧɢɹ),
-
ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹ
ɱɟɪɟɡ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɨɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ
(ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ).
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɨɣ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹ-
ɟɬ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬ ɜ ɫɚɥɨɧɟ
ɩɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɸ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɩɟɪɟɦɟ-
ɲɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɯ ɩɨɬɨɤɨɜ.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɦɢ ɩɨɬɨɤɚɦɢ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɩɨ ɫɚɥɨɧɭ
ɱɟɪɟɡ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɜɨɞɵ.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɨɡ-
ɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɬɶ ɧɚɩɨɪ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɬɨɪɚ, ɩɨɞɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɜ ɫɚɥɨɧ.
ȼɨɡɞɭɯ, ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɸɳɢɣ ɜ ɫɚɥɨɧ, ɮɢɥɶɬɪɭɟɬɫɹ
ɢ ɩɨɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɝɨ ɥɢɛɨ ɫɧɚɪɭɠɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɪɚɫɩɨ-
ɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚ ɤɚɩɨɬɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɡɚɛɨɪɧɢɤ, ɥɢɛɨ
ɩɪɨɝɨɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɡɚɦɤɧɭɬɨɦɭ ɤɪɭɝɭ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɫɢɫ-
ɬɟɦɭ ɪɟɰɢɪɤɭɥɹɰɢɢ.
ɉɚɧɟɥɶ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
Ɉɪɝɚɧɵ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɪɚɫɩɨ-
ɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɧɚ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɨɥɢ. ȼ ɡɚɜɢ-
ɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɬɚɰɢɢ, ɨɧɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ:
-
ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɚ ɩɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɭɫ-
ɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɸ,
-
ɪɚɫɯɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ,
-
ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɨ ɫɚɥɨɧɭ,
-
ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɟɹ ɢ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɚ ɫɨ ɫɬɟɤɨɥ,
-
ɪɭɱɧɨɟ ɢɥɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɟɪɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ.
Ɋɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɨ ɫɚɥɨɧɭ
1.
ɋɨɩɥɚ ɨɛɞɭɜɚ ɜɟɬɪɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɬɟɤɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚ-
ɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɟɹ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɚ.
2.
ɋɨɩɥɚ ɨɛɞɭɜɚ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɟɤɨɥ
ɞɥɹ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɟɹ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɚ.
3.
Ȼɨɤɨɜɵɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɫ ɡɚ-
ɫɥɨɧɤɨɣ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡ-
ɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɨɤɚ.
4.
ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ
ɫ ɡɚɫɥɨɧɤɨɣ ɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ
ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɨɤɚ.
5.
ɉɨɞɚɱɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɤ ɧɨɝɚɦ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɩɚɫɫɚɠɢɪɨɜ.
6.
ɇɢɠɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɜɨɞɵ (ɩɨɞ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɦɢ ɫɢ-
ɞɟɧɶɹɦɢ).*
*
ɂɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɤɥɢɦɚɬɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ.
i
30
ȼ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ
ɧɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɢɬɫɹ ɯɥɨɪɨɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ ɤɨɦ-
ɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɭɝɪɨɡɭ ɨɡɨ-
ɧɨɜɨɦɭ ɫɥɨɸ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɵ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ:
ȿɫɥɢ, ɩɨɫɥɟ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɛɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɫɨɥɧɰɟ, ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɫɚɥɨɧɚ
ɨɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ, ɟɝɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɬɶ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ.
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɧɚ ɪɟɠɢɦ, ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ
ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɚɥɨɧɚ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɜɨɡɞɭɲɧɵɟ ɩɨɬɨɤɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɢɫɶ ɩɨ ɫɚɥɨɧɭ ɪɚɜɧɨɦɟɪɧɨ, ɫɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ
ɱɢɫɬɨɬɨɣ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɤɚɩɨɬɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɡɚɛɨɪɧɵɯ ɪɟɲɟɬɨɤ, ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɪɵɜɚɣɬɟ
ɜɟɧɬɢɥɹɰɢɨɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɜɨɞɵ, ɩɪɨɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɩɨɞ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹɦɢ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɞɨɥɝɭɸ ɢ ɛɟɡɨɬɤɚɡɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɟɪɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɣɬɟ
ɟɝɨ ɯɨɬɹ ɛɵ ɧɚ 5-10 ɦɢɧɭɬ ɧɟ ɪɟɠɟ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ-ɞɜɭɯ ɪɚɡ ɜ ɦɟɫɹɰ.
ɋɥɟɞɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɱɢɫɬɨɬɨɣ ɫɚɥɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɚ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɚɦɟɧɹɣɬɟ ɜɫɟ
ɮɢɥɶɬɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ (ɫɦ. ɝɥɚɜɭ "ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ").
Ɋɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɞɚɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɟɧɢɟ ɫɚɥɨɧɧɨɦɭ ɮɢɥɶɬɪɭ ɤɨɦɛɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ.
ȼ ɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɞɭɛɥɢɪɭɸɳɚɹ ɩɪɨɫɥɨɣɤɚ ɫ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ,
ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɱɢɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɢ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ ɱɢɫɬɨɬɵ ɜ ɫɚɥɨɧɟ (ɮɢɥɶɬɪ
ɭɞɚɥɹɟɬ ɜɫɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɚɥɥɟɪɝɟɧɵ, ɭɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬ ɧɟɩɪɢɹɬɧɵɟ ɡɚɩɚɯɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɩɹɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ
ɨɫɟɞɚɧɢɸ ɠɢɪɨɜɵɯ ɩɹɬɟɧ).
Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɦɵ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɭɟɦ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɫɬɚɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɚɬ ɟɟ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɚɛɨɬɭ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɟɪ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɚɥ ɨɯɥɚɠɞɚɬɶ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ, ɩɪɟɤɪɚɬɢɬɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɢɦ ɢ
ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɜ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸ ɫɟɬɶ PEUGEOT.
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɛɭɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɰɟɩɚ ɫ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɦɚɫɫɨɣ ɜ ɝɨɪɭ ɩɪɢ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɟ
ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɟɪɚ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɢɬɶ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɭ
ɧɚ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶ ɢ, ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɬɹɝɨɜɵɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ.
ɉɪɢ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɤɨɧɞɢɰɢɨɧɟɪɚ ɧɚ ɫɬɨɹɧɤɟ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɞɹɧɨɝɨ
ɤɨɧɞɟɧɫɚɬɚ, ɫɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɞ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ.
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