Nissan Pathfinder (2010 year). Manual - part 180

4WD SYSTEM

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FUNCTION DIAGNOSIS

4WD SYSTEM

System Diagram

INFOID:0000000005258228

COMPONENT DESCRIPTION

WDIA0164E

Components

Function

Transfer control unit

Controls transfer control device, control valves and shifts between 2WD/4WD and 4H/4LO.

Transfer control device

Integrates actuator motor and actuator position switch.

2-4WD shift solenoid valve

Controls oil pressure and allows shifting between 2WD and 4WD.

Clutch pressure solenoid valve

Controls oil pressure and distributes torque between front and rear tires.

Line pressure switch

Detects line pressure.

Clutch pressure switch

Detects clutch pressure.

Transfer fluid temperature sensor Detects transfer fluid temperature.

Actuator motor

Moves shift rods when signaled by transfer control unit.

Actuator position switch

Detects actuator motor position.

Wait detection switch

Detects whether or not 4WD lock gear is locked.

4LO switch

Detects if transfer case is in 4LO.

ATP switch

Detects if transfer case is in neutral.

4WD shift switch

Allows driver to select from 2WD/4WD, 4H/4LO and AUTO.

4WD warning lamp

• Illuminates if malfunction is detected in 4WD system.
• Flashes (1 flash / 2 seconds) if large difference in diameter of front and rear tires.
• Flashes (2 flashes / 1 second) if high transfer fluid temperature is detected.

ATP warning lamp

Indicates that A/T parking mechanism does not operate when A/T selector lever is in P position 
because transfer case is in neutral.

4WD shift indicator lamp

Displays driving range selected by 4WD shift switch.

4LO indicator lamp

Displays 4LO range.

2010 Pathfinder

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4WD SYSTEM

System Description

INFOID:0000000005258229

CONTROL SYSTEM

ABS actuator and electric unit 
(control unit)

Transmits vehicle speed signal via CAN communication to transfer control unit.

TCM

Transmits the following signal via CAN communication to transfer control unit.
• Output shaft revolution signal
• A/T position indicator signal (transmission range switch signal)

ECM

Transmits the following signals via CAN communication to transfer control unit.
• Engine speed signal
• Accelerator pedal position signal

Components

Function

2010 Pathfinder

4WD SYSTEM

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ALL-MODE 4WD Transfer Basic Control

SDIA3396E

2010 Pathfinder

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4WD SYSTEM

Hydraulic Control Circuits

TRANSFER CONTROL UNIT

• Transfer control unit controls transfer control device and it directs shifts from 4H-4LO and 2WD-4WD.

• Self-diagnosis can be done.

TRANSFER SHIFT HIGH AND LOW RELAYS

Transfer shift high and low relays apply power supply to transfer control device (actuator motor).

TRANSFER SHUT OFF RELAY

Transfer shut off relay applies power supply to transfer motor relay.

4WD SHIFT SWITCH AND INDICATOR LAMPS

4WD Shift Switch

Able to select from 2WD, AUTO, 4H or 4LO.

4WD Shift Indicator Lamp

• Displays driving conditions selected by 4WD shift switch with 2WD, AUTO and 4H indicators while engine is

running. (When 4WD warning lamp is turned on, all 4WD shift indicator lamps are turned off.)

• Turns ON for approximately 1 second when ignition switch is turned ON, for purpose of lamp check.

4LO Indicator Lamp

LDIA0055E

WDIA0163E

2010 Pathfinder

4WD SYSTEM

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• Displays 4LO condition while engine is running. 4LO indicator lamp flashes if transfer gear does not shift

completely under 2WD, AUTO, 4H

⇔

4LO. (When 4WD warning lamp is turned on, 4LO indicator lamp is

turned off.)

• Turns ON for approximately 1 second when ignition switch is turned ON, for purpose of lamp check.

4WD WARNING LAMP

Turns on or flashes when there is a malfunction in 4WD system.

Also turns on when ignition switch is turned ON, for purpose of lamp check. Turns OFF approximately 1 sec-

ond after the engine starts if system is normal.

4WD Warning Lamp Indication

ATP WARNING LAMP

When the A/T selector lever is in P position, the vehicle may move if the transfer case is in neutral.  ATP warn-

ing lamp is turned on to indicate this condition to the driver.

LINE PRESSURE SWITCH

• With the transfer system design, control of the oil pressure provides the transmission of drive torque to the

front wheels. The main pressure to control the oil pressure is referred to as the line pressure.

• The line pressure switch determines whether or not adequate line pressure has built up under different oper-

ating conditions. 

• The line pressure switch closes when line pressure is produced.

• The line pressure switch senses line pressure abnormalities and turns the 4WD warning lamp ON.

CLUTCH PRESSURE SWITCH

• The clutch pressure switch determines whether or not adequate clutch pressure has built up under different

operating conditions. 

• The clutch pressure switch closes when clutch pressure is produced.

• The clutch pressure switch senses clutch pressure abnormalities and turns the 4WD warning lamp ON.

WAIT DETECTION SWITCH

• The wait detection switch operates when there is circulating torque produced in the propeller shaft (L

→

H) or

when there is a phase difference between 2-4 sleeve and clutch drum (H

→

L). After the release of the circu-

lating torque, the wait detection switch helps provide the 4WD lock gear (clutch drum) shifts. A difference

may occur between the operation of the 4WD shift switch and actual drive mode. At this point, the wait

detection switch senses an actual drive mode.

• The wait detection switch operates as follows.

- 4WD lock gear (clutch drum) locked: ON

- 4WD lock gear (clutch drum) released: OFF

• The wait detection switch senses an actual drive mode and the 4WD shift indicator lamp indicates the vehi-

cle drive mode. 

ATP SWITCH

ATP switch detects if transfer case is in neutral by the position of the L-H shift fork.

NOTE:

Transfer case may be in neutral when shifting between 4H-4LO.

NEUTRAL-4LO SWITCH

The neutral-4LO switch detects that transfer gear is in neutral or 4LO (or shifting from neutral to 4LO) condi-

tion by L-H shift fork position.

Condition

4WD warning lamp

System normal

OFF

Lamp check

Turns ON when ignition switch is turned ON.

Turns OFF after engine start.

4WD system malfunction

ON

During self-diagnosis

Flashes malfunction mode.

Large difference in diameter of front/
rear tires

Flashes slow (1 flash / 2 seconds)

(Continues to flash until the ignition switch is turned OFF)

High fluid temperature in transfer case

Flashes rapidly (2 flashes / 1 second)

(Continues to flash until fluid temperature returns to normal)

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4WD SYSTEM

TRANSFER FLUID TEMPERATURE SENSOR

The transfer fluid temperature sensor detects the transfer fluid temperature and sends a signal to the transfer

control unit.

TRANSFER MOTOR

• The transfer motor drives the sub-oil pump to provide proper lubrication and oil pressure control when the

vehicle is at standstill, during low-speed operations or is being driven in reverse.

• The main oil pump is operated by the driving force of the mainshaft. In other words, sufficient oil pressure

buildup does not occur when the vehicle is at standstill or during low-speed operations. While the vehicle is

being driven in reverse, the main oil pump rotates in the reverse direction. Therefore the main oil pump does

not discharge oil pressure. During any of the above vehicle operations, the transfer motor drives the sub-oil

pump to compensate for insufficient oil pressure.

• The transfer motor operates as follows:

- The motor relay turns OFF in the 2WD mode.

- The motor relay operates as described in the table below in modes other than the 2WD mode.

• 4WD shift switch, transmission range switch, Neutral-4LO switch, vehicle speed sensor and throttle position

sensor are used in conjunction with the transfer motor.

Transfer Motor Relay Operation

*: After 2.5 seconds have elapsed.

CLUTCH PRESSURE SOLENOID VALVE

The clutch pressure solenoid valve distributes front and rear torque in AUTO mode.

2-4WD SHIFT SOLENOID VALVE

The 2-4WD shift solenoid valve operates to apply oil pressure to the wet-multiplate clutch, depending on the

drive mode. The driving force is transmitted to the front wheels through the clutch so the vehicle is set in the

4WD mode. Setting the vehicle in the 2WD mode requires no pressure buildup. In other words, pressure force

applied to the wet-multiplate clutch becomes zero. 

TRANSFER CONTROL DEVICE

Integrates actuator motor and actuator position switch.

4WD shift switch

A/T selector lever position

Vehicle speed

(VSS)

Accelerator pedal position

Motor relay drive 

command

2WD

—

—

—

OFF

4H (LOCK) and 4LO

N position

0

—

 ON

P position

0

0 - 0.07/8

OFF*

0.07/8 - 1/8

 HOLD

1/8 - MAX

 ON

Other than R position

0 < VSS 

≤

 50 km/h (31 MPH)

—

 ON

50 km/h (31 MPH) < VSS < 55 

km/h (34 MPH)

 HOLD

55 km/h (34 MPH) 

≤

 VSS

OFF

R position

—

—

 ON

R position

—

—

 ON

AUTO

P or N position

0

0 - 0.07/8

OFF*

0.07/8 - 1/8

 HOLD

1/8 - MAX

 ON

0 < VSS 

≤

 50 km/h (31 MPH)

—

 ON

50 km/h (31 MPH) < VSS < 55 

km/h (34 MPH)

 HOLD

55 km/h (34 MPH) 

≤

 VSS

OFF

Other than R, P and N posi-
tion

0 < VSS 

≤

 50 km/h (31 MPH)

—

 ON

50 km/h (31 MPH) < VSS < 55 

km/h (34 MPH)

 HOLD

55 km/h (34 MPH) 

≤

 VSS

OFF

2010 Pathfinder

4WD SYSTEM

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Actuator Motor

Moves shift rods when signaled by transfer control unit.

Actuator Position Switch

Detects actuator motor position and then sends signal to transfer control unit.

Component Parts Location

INFOID:0000000005258230

WDIA0124E

2010 Pathfinder

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4WD SYSTEM

CAN Communication

INFOID:0000000005258231

Refer to 

LAN-52, "CAN System Specification Chart"

.

Cross-Sectional View

INFOID:0000000005258232

Power Transfer

INFOID:0000000005258233

POWER TRANSFER DIAGRAM

1.

Center case

2.

Front case

3.

Internal gear

4.

Planetary carrier assembly

5.

Sun gear assembly

6.

Main shaft

7.

L-H sleeve

8.

L-H fork

9.

Shift rod

10. 2-4 sleeve

11. 2-4 fork

12. Drive chain

13. Front drive shaft

14. Control valve assembly

15. Transfer motor

16. Rear case

17. Clutch piston

18. Press flange

19. Multiple disc clutch

20. Clutch hub assembly

21. Clutch drum assembly

WDIA0202E

2010 Pathfinder