Ford Festiva. Instruction - part 57

ENGINE PERFORMANCE 

CARBURETOR TROUBLE SHOOTING: 

BASIC COLD START SYMPTOMS TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART 

BASIC HOT START SYMPTOMS TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART 

BASIC COLD ENGINE DRIVEABILITY SYMPTOMS TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART 

Improper connecting rod alignment

Remove and realign 

connecting rods

Excessively worn ring grooves

Replace pistons, See 

ENGINES

Improperly assembled piston pins

Re-assemble pin-to-piston, 

See ENGINES

Insufficient ring gap clearance

Install new rings, See 

ENGINES

Engine overheating

Check cooling system

Incorrect ignition timing

Re-adjust ignition timing, See 

TUNE-UP

Excessive Exhaust Noise

Leaks at manifold to head, or to pipe

Replace manifold or pipe 

gasket

Exhaust manifold cracked or broken

Replace exhaust manifold, See 

ENGINES

NOTE:

This is GENERAL information. This article is not intended to be specific to any unique situation or 
individual vehicle configuration. The purpose of this Trouble Shooting information is to provide a list 
of common causes to problem symptoms. For model-specific Trouble Shooting, refer to SUBJECT, 
DIAGNOSTIC, or TESTING articles available in the section(s) you are accessing.

CONDITION & POSSIBLE CAUSE

CORRECTION

Engine Won't Start

Choke not closing

Check choke operation, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Choke linkage bent

Check linkage, see FUEL 

SYSTEM

Engine Starts, Then Dies

Choke vacuum kick setting too wide

Check setting and adjust see, 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Fast idle RPM too low

Reset RPM to specification, 

see TUNE-UP

Fast idle cam index incorrect

Reset fast idle cam index, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Vacuum leak

Inspect vacuum system for 

leaks

Low fuel pump outlet

Repair or replace pump, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Low carburetor fuel level

Check float setting see FUEL 

SYSTEM

Engine Quits Under Load

Choke vacuum kick setting incorrect

Reset vacuum kick setting,see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Fast idle cam index incorrect

Reset fast idle cam index, see 

FUEL SYSTEM

Incorrect hot fast idle speed RPM

Reset fast idle RPM, see 

TUNE-UP

Engine Starts, Runs Up, Then Idles, Slowly With Black Smoke

Choke vacuum kick set too narrow

Reset vacuum kick, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Fast idle cam index incorrect

Reset fast idle cam index, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Hot fast idle RPM too low

Reset fast idle RPM, see 

TUNE-UP

CONDITION & POSSIBLE CAUSE

CORRECTION

Engine Won't Start

Engine flooded

Allow fuel to evaporate

CONDITION & POSSIBLE CAUSE

CORRECTION

Engine Stalls in Gear

Choke vacuum kick setting incorrect

Reset choke vacuum kick, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Fast idle RPM incorrect

Reset fast idle RPM, see 

TUNE-UP

Fast idle cam index incorrect

Reset fast idle cam see FUEL 

BASIC WARM ENGINE DRIVEABILITY SYMPTOMS TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART 

DIESEL ENGINE TROUBLE SHOOTING 

BASIC DIESEL ENGINE TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART 

SYSTEMS

Acceleration Sag or Stall

Defective choke control switch

Replace choke control switch

Choke vacuum kick setting incorrect

Reset choke vacuum kick see, 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Float level incorrect (too low)

Adjust float level, FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Accelerator pump defective

Repair or replace pump see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Secondary throttles not closed

Inspect lockout adjustment, 

see FUEL SYSTEMS

Sag or Stall After Warmup

Defective choke control switch

Replace choke control switch, 

see FUEL SYSTEMS

Defective accelerator pump

Replace pump, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Float level incorrect (too low)

Adjust float level, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Backfiring & Black Smoke

Plugged heat crossover system

Remove restriction

CONDITION & POSSIBLE CAUSE

CORRECTION

Hesitation With Small Amount of Gas Pedal Movement

Vacuum leak

Inspect vacuum lines

Accelerator pump weak or inoperable

Replace pump, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Float level setting too low

Reset float level, see,FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Metering rods sticking or binding

Inspect and/or replace rods, 

see FUEL SYSTEMS

Carburetor idle or transfer system plugged

Inspect system and remove 

restriction

Frozen or binding heated air inlet

Inspect heated air door for 

binding

Hesitation With Heavy Gas Pedal Movement

Defective accelerator pump

Replace pump, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Metering rod carrier sticking or binding

Remove restriction

Large vacuum leak

Inspect vacuum system and 

repair leak

Float level setting too low

Reset float level, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Defective fuel pump, lines or filter

Inspect pump, lines and filter

Air door setting incorrect

Adjust air door setting, see 

FUEL

NOTE:

This is GENERAL information. This article is not intended to be specific to any unique situation or 
individual vehicle configuration. The purpose of this Trouble Shooting information is to provide a list 
of common causes to problem symptoms. For model-specific Trouble Shooting, refer to SUBJECT, 
DIAGNOSTIC, or TESTING articles available in the section(s) you are accessing.

NOTE:

Diesel engines mechanical diagnosis is the same as gasoline engines for items such as noisy valves, 
bearings, pistons, etc. The following trouble shooting covers only items pertaining to diesel engines.

CONDITION & POSSIBLE CAUSE

CORRECTION

Engine Won't Crank

Bad battery connections or dead batteries

Check connections and/or 

replace batteries

Bad starter connections or bad starter

Check connections and/or 

replace starter

Engine Cranks Slowly, Won't Start

Bad battery connections or dead batteries

Check connections and/or 

replace batteries

Engine oil too heavy

Replace engine oil

Engine Cranks Normally, But Will Not Start

Glow plugs not functioning

Check glow plug system, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Glow plug control not functioning

Check controller, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Fuel not injected into cylinders

Check fuel injectors, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

No fuel to injection pump

Check fuel delivery system

Fuel filter blocked

Replace fuel filter

Fuel tank filter blocked

Replace fuel tank filter

Fuel pump not operating

Check pump operation and/or 

replace pump

Fuel return system blocked

Inspect system and remove 

restriction

No voltage to fuel solenoid

Check solenoid and 

connections

Incorrect or contaminated fuel

Replace fuel

Incorrect injection pump timing

Re-adjust pump timing, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Low compression

Check valves, pistons, rings, 

see ENGINES

Injection pump malfunction

Inspect and/or replace 

injection pump

Engine Starts, Won't Idle

Incorrect slow idle adjustment

Reset idle adjustment, see 

TUNE-UP

Fast idle solenoid malfunctioning

Check solenoid and 

connections

Fuel return system blocked

Check system and remove 

restrictions

Glow plugs go off too soon

See glow plug diagnosis in 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Injection pump timing incorrect

Reset pump timing, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

No fuel to injection pump

Check fuel delivery system

Incorrect or contaminated fuel

Replace fuel

Low compression

Check valves, piston, rings, see 

ENGINES

Injection pump malfunction

Replace injection pump, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Fuel solenoid closes in RUN position

Check solenoid and 

connections

Engines Starts/Idles Rough W/out Smoke or Noise

Incorrect slow idle adjustment

Reset slow idle, see TUNE-UP

Injection line fuel leaks

Check lines and connections

Fuel return system blocked

Check lines and connections

Air in fuel system

Bleed air from system

Incorrect or contaminated fuel

Replace fuel

Injector nozzle malfunction

Check nozzles, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Engines Starts and Idles Rough W/out Smoke or Noise, But Clears After Warm-Up

Injection pump timing incorrect

Reset pump timing, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Engine not fully broken in

Put more miles on engine

Air in system

Bleed air from system

Injector nozzle malfunction

Check nozzles, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Engine Idles Correctly, Misfires Above Idle

Blocked fuel filter

Replace fuel filter

Injection pump timing incorrect

Reset pump timing, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Incorrect or contaminated fuel

Replace fuel

Engine Won't Return To Idle

Fast idle adjustment incorrect

Reset fast idle, see TUNE-UP

Internal injection pump malfunction

Replace injection pump, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

External linkage binding

Check linkage and remove 

binding

Fuel Leaks On Ground

Loose or broken fuel line

Check lines and connections

Internal injection pump seal leak

Replace injection pump, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Cylinder Knocking Noise

Injector nozzles sticking open

Test injectors, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Very low nozzle opening pressure

Test injectors and/or replace

Loss of Engine Power

Restricted air intake

Remove restriction

VACUUM PUMP DIAGNOSIS 

FUEL INJECTION TROUBLE SHOOTING 

BASIC FUEL INJECTION TROUBLE SHOOTING CHART 

EGR valve malfunction

Replace EGR valve

Blocked or damaged exhaust system

Remove restriction and/or 

replace components

Blocked fuel tank filter

Replace filter

Restricted fuel filter

Remove restriction and/or 

replace filter

Block vent in gas cap

Remove restriction and/or 

replace cap

Tank-to-injection pump fuel supply blocked

Check fuel lines and 

connections

Blocked fuel return system

Remove restriction

Incorrect or contaminated fuel

Replace fuel

Blocked injector nozzles

Check nozzle for blockage, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Low compression

Check valves, rings, pistons, 

see ENGINES

Loud Engine Noise With Black Smoke

Basic timing incorrect

Reset timing, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

EGR valve malfunction

Replace EGR valve

Internal injection pump malfunction

Replace injection pump, see 

FUEL SYSTEMS

Incorrect injector pump housing pressure

Check pressure, see FUEL 

SYSTEMS

Engine Overheating

Cooling system leaks

Check cooling system and 

repair leaks

Belt slipping or damaged

Check tension and/or replace 

belt

Thermostat stuck closed

Remove and replace 

thermostat, see ENGINE 

COOLING

Head gasket leaking

Replace head gasket

Oil Light on at Idle

Low oil pump pressure

Check oil pump operation, see 

ENGINES

Oil cooler or line restricted

Remove restriction and/or 

replace cooler

Engine Won't Shut Off

Injector pump fuel solenoid does not return fuel valve to OFF position

Remove and check solenoid 

and replace if needed

CONDITION & POSSIBLE CAUSE

CORRECTION

Excessive Noise

Loose pump-to-drive assembly screws

Tighten screws

Loose tube on pump assembly

Tighten tube

Valves not functioning properly

Replace valves

Oil Leakage

Loose end plug

Tighten end plug

Bad seal crimp

Remove and re-crimp seal

NOTE:

This is GENERAL information. This article is not intended to be specific to any unique situation or 
individual vehicle configuration. The purpose of this Trouble Shooting information is to provide a list 
of common causes to problem symptoms. For model-specific Trouble Shooting, refer to SUBJECT, 
DIAGNOSTIC, or TESTING articles available in the section(s) you are accessing.

CONDITION & POSSIBLE CAUSE

CORRECTION

Engine Won't Start (Cranks Normally)

Cold start valve inoperative

Test valve and circuit

Poor connection;vacuum or wiring

Check vacuum and electrical 

connections

Contaminated fuel

Test fuel for water or alcohol

Defective fuel pump relay or circuit

Test relay and wiring

Battery too low

Charge and test battery

Low fuel pressure

Test pressure regulator and 

fuel pump, check for restricted 

lines and filters

No distributor reference pulses

Repair ignition system as 

necessary