Volvo XC90 Twin Engine (2019 year). Instruction - part 33

Symbols in the center display status bar
(p. 124)

Activation of Wi-Fi hotspot can cause addi-
tional charges from your network operator.

Contact your network operator about data
traffic costs.

The connection status is shown by a symbol in
the center display's status bar.

Tap

Connected devices

to see a list of cur-

rently connected devices.

Related information

•

•

No or poor Internet connection (p. 546)

•

No or poor Internet connection

Factors affecting the Internet connection.

The amount of data transmitted depends on the
services or apps currently in use in the vehicle.
Streaming music, for example, involves the trans-
mission of a large amount of data, and this
requires a good connection and a strong signal.

Phone to vehicle

Internet connection speed may vary depending
on the location of the cellular phone in the vehi-
cle. Move the phone closer to the center display
to increase signal strength. Make sure that noth-
ing is between the phone and center display that
could be blocking the signal.

Phone to network operator

The speed of the mobile network varies depend-
ing on the coverage in the vehicle's current loca-
tion. Coverage may be poorer in e.g. tunnels,
mountainous areas, deep valleys or indoors. Con-
nection speed is also dependent on the subscrip-
tion you have with your service provider.

If you experience any problems with data traf-
fic, contact your network service provider.

This does not apply when the vehicle is connected to the Internet via Wi-Fi.

AUDIO, MEDIA AND INTERNET

* Option/accessory.

547

Restarting the phone

If you experience any Internet connection prob-
lems, it may help to restart your phone.

Related information

•

Wi-Fi technology and security (p. 547)

•

Deleting Wi-Fi networks

Networks that are not needed can be deleted.

1. Tap

Settings

in the Top view.

2. Proceed to

Communication

Wi-Fi

Saved networks

3. Tap

Forget

to delete the network.

4. Confirm the selection.

> The vehicle will no longer connect to the

deleted network.

Deleting all networks

All networks can be deleted at once by perform-
ing a factory reset. Please note that all user data
and system settings will be restored to original
default factory settings.

Related information

•

No or poor Internet connection (p. 546)

•

•

Resetting center display settings (p. 134)

•

Connecting the vehicle to the Internet via a
phone (Wi-Fi) (p. 543)

Wi-Fi technology and security

Networks must meet certain criteria in order for
the vehicle to connect.

It is possible to connect to the following types of
networks:

•

Frequency - 2.4 or 5 GHz

•

Standards - 802.11 a/b/g/n.

•

Security type - WPA2-AES-CCMP.

The vehicle's Wi-Fi system is designed to handle
Wi-Fi devices inside the vehicle.

Performance may be impaired if multiple devices
are using a frequency at the same time.

Related information

•

Activating and deactivating data sharing
(p. 548)

Selecting a frequency is not possible on all markets.

AUDIO, MEDIA AND INTERNET

548

The first time certain services and apps are
started, a pop-up window with the heading

Terms and conditions

and

Data sharing

may

open.

The aim is to inform the user about Volvo's terms
of use and data sharing policy. By accepting data
sharing, the user accepts that certain information
will be sent from the vehicle. This is required for
certain services and apps to work with full func-
tionality.

Data sharing can be set from the center display's
Settings menu.

Related information

•

Activating and deactivating data

sharing

Data sharing for relevant services and apps can
be set via the Settings menu in the center dis-
play.

1. Tap

Settings

in the Top view in the center

display.

2. Tap

System

Privacy and data

3. Select to activate or deactivate data sharing

for individual services and all apps.

Checking tire pressure (p. 567)

After visiting a Volvo workshop, you may need
to reactivate data sharing so that services and
apps will work again.

Related information

•

Hard disk storage space

It is possible to view how much space is remain-
ing on the vehicle's hard disk.

Storage information for the vehicle's hard disk
can be shown, including total capacity, available
capacity and how much space is used for instal-
led apps. The information is found under

Settings

System

System Information

Storage

Related information

•

Apps (p. 498)

AUDIO, MEDIA AND INTERNET

}}

549

License agreement for audio and

media

A license is an agreement on the right to con-
duct a certain activity or the right to use some-
one else's right according to terms and condi-
tions specified in the agreement. The following
texts are Volvo's agreements with manufactur-
ers/developers.

Bowers & Wilkins

Bowers & Wilkins and B&W are trademarks of
the B&W Group Ltd. Nautilus is a trademark of
B&W Group Ltd. Kevlar is a registered trademark
of DuPont.

Dirac Unison

Dirac Unison co-optimizes the loudspeakers in
frequency, time and space for the best possible
bass integration and clarity. It enables a faithful
reproduction of the acoustic characteristics of
specific performance venues. Using advanced
algorithms, Dirac Unison controls all loudspeak-
ers digitally based on acoustic high-precision
measurements. Like a conductor of an orchestra,
it guarantees that the loudspeakers perform in
perfect unison.

DivX

, DivX Certified

and associated logos are

trademarks of DivX, LLC and are used under
license.

This DivX Certified

device can play DivX

® Home

Theater Home Theater video files up to 576p
(including .avi, .divx). Download free software at
www.divx.com to create, play and stream digital
video.

ABOUT DIVX VIDEO-ON-DEMAND: This DivX
Certified

device must be registered in order to

play purchased DivX Video-on-Demand (VOD)
movies. To obtain your registration code, locate
the DivX VOD section in your device setup menu.
Go to vod.divx.com for more information on com-
pleting the registration process.

Patent number

Covered by one or more of the following patents
in the US: 7,295,673; 7,460,668; 7,515,710;
8,656,183; 8,731,369; RE45,052.

Gracenote

AUDIO, MEDIA AND INTERNET

550

Portions of the content are copyright

Gracenote or its providers.

Gracenote, the Gracenote logo and logotype,
"Powered by Gracenote" and Gracenote MusicID
are either registered trademarks of Gracenote,
Inc. in the United States and/or other countries.

Gracenote

End User License Agreement

This application or device contains software from
Gracenote, Inc. in Emeryville, California, United
States (“Gracenote”). The software from Grace-
note (the “Gracenote Software”) enables this
application to perform disc and/or file identifica-
tion and obtain music-related information, includ-
ing name, artist, track, and title information
(“Gracenote Data”) from online servers or embed-
ded databases (collectively “Gracenote Servers”)
and to perform other functions. You may use
Gracenote Data only by means of the intended
End-User functions of this application or device.

You agree that you will use Gracenote Data, the
Gracenote Software, and Gracenote Servers for
your own personal non-commercial use only. You
agree not to assign, copy, transfer or transmit the
Gracenote Software or any Gracenote Data to
any third party. YOU AGREE NOT TO USE OR
EXPLOIT GRACENOTE DATA, THE GRACE-
NOTE SOFTWARE, OR GRACENOTE SERVERS,
EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PERMITTED HEREIN.

You agree that your non-exclusive license to use
the Gracenote Data, the Gracenote Software, and
Gracenote Servers will terminate if you violate

these restrictions. If your license terminates, you
agree to cease any and all use of the Gracenote
Data, the Gracenote Software, and Gracenote
Servers. Gracenote reserves all rights in all
Gracenote Data, all Gracenote Software, and all
Gracenote Servers, including all ownership rights.
Under no circumstances will Gracenote become
liable for any payment to you for any information
that you provide. You agree that Gracenote, Inc.
may enforce its rights under this Agreement
against you directly in its own name.

The Gracenote service uses a unique identifier to
track queries for statistical purposes. The pur-
pose of a randomly assigned numeric identifier is
to allow the Gracenote service to count queries
without knowing anything about who you are. For
more information, see the web page for the
Gracenote Privacy Policy for the Gracenote serv-
ice.

The Gracenote Software and each item of Grace-
note Data are licensed to you “AS IS.” Gracenote
makes no representations or warranties, express
or implied, regarding the accuracy of any Grace-
note Data from in the Gracenote Servers. Grace-
note reserves the right to delete data from the
Gracenote Servers or to change data categories
for any cause that Gracenote deems sufficient.
No warranty is made that the Gracenote Software
or Gracenote Servers are error-free or that func-
tioning of Gracenote Software or Gracenote
Servers will be uninterrupted. Gracenote is not
obligated to provide you with new enhanced or

additional data types or categories that Grace-
note may provide in the future and is free to dis-
continue its services at any time.

GRACENOTE DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
LIMITED TO, IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MER-
CHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, TITLE, AND NON-INFRINGEMENT.
GRACENOTE DOES NOT WARRANT THE
RESULTS THAT WILL BE OBTAINED BY YOUR
USE OF THE GRACENOTE SOFTWARE OR
ANY GRACENOTE SERVER. IN NO CASE WILL
GRACENOTE BE LIABLE FOR ANY CONSE-
QUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES OR
FOR ANY LOST PROFITS OR LOST REVENUES.
© Gracenote, Inc. 2009

Sensus software

This software uses parts of sources from clib2
and Prex Embedded Real-time OS - Source
(Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1991, 1993, 1994),
and Quercus Robusta (Copyright (c) 1990,
1993), The Regents of the University of
California. All or some portions are derived from
material licensed to the University of California by
American Telephone and Telegraph Co. or Unix
System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced
herein with the permission of UNIX System
Laboratories, Inc. Redistribution and use in
source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the
following conditions are met: Redistributions of

AUDIO, MEDIA AND INTERNET

}}

551

source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following
disclaimer. Redistributions in binary form must
reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of
conditions and the following disclaimer in the
documentation and/or other materials provided
with the distribution. Neither the name of the
<ORGANIZATION> nor the names of its
contributors may be used to endorse or promote
products derived from this software without
specific prior written permission. THIS
SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING,
BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF
USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF
THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

This software is based in part on the work of the
Independent JPEG Group.

This software uses parts of sources from
"libtess". The Original Code is: OpenGL Sample
Implementation, Version 1.2.1, released January
26, 2000, developed by Silicon Graphics, Inc. The
Original Code is Copyright (c) 1991-2000 Silicon
Graphics, Inc. Copyright in any portions created
by third parties is as indicated elsewhere herein.
All Rights Reserved. Copyright (C) [1991-2000]
Silicon Graphics, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to
any person obtaining a copy of this software and
associated documentation files (the "Software"),
to deal in the Software without restriction,
including without limitation the rights to use,
copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute,
sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software,
and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following
conditions: The above copyright notice including
the dates of first publication and either this
permission notice or a reference to http://
oss.sgi.com/projects/FreeB/ shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS",
WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL

SILICON GRAPHICS, INC. BE LIABLE FOR ANY
CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT,
TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT
OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE
OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE. Except as contained in this notice,
the name of Silicon Graphics, Inc. shall not be
used in advertising or otherwise to promote the
sale, use or other dealings in this Software
without prior written authorization from Silicon
Graphics, Inc.

This software is based in parts on the work of the
FreeType Team.

This software uses parts of SSLeay Library:
Copyright (C) 1995-1998 Eric Young
(eay@cryptsoft.com). All rights reserved

Linux software

This product contains software licensed under
GNU General Public License (GPL) or GNU
Lesser General Public License (LGPL), etc.

You have the right of acquisition, modification,
and distribution of the source code of the GPL/
LGPL software.

You may download Source Code from the
following website at no charge: http://
www.embedded-carmultimedia.jp/linux/oss/
download/TVM_8351_013

AUDIO, MEDIA AND INTERNET

552

The website provides the Source Code "As Is"
and without warranty of any kind.

By downloading Source Code, you expressly
assume all risk and liability associated with
downloading and using the Source Code and
complying with the user agreements that
accompany each Source Code.

Please note that we cannot respond to any
inquiries regarding the source code.

camellia:1.2.0

NTT (Nippon Telegraph and Telephone
Corporation). All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary
forms, with or without modification, are permitted
provided that the following conditions are met:

1. Redistributions of source code must retain

the above copyright notice, this list of
conditions and the following disclaimer as
the first lines of this file unmodified.

2. Redistributions in binary form must

reproduce the above copyright notice, this list
of conditions and the following disclaimer in
the documentation and/or other materials
provided with the distribution.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY NTT ``AS
IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A

PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN
NO EVENT SHALL NTT BE LIABLE FOR ANY
DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS;
OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY,
WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF
THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF
ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.

Unicode: 5.1.0

Copyright c 1991-2013 Unicode, Inc. All rights
reserved. Distributed under the Terms of Use in
http://www.unicode.org/copyright.html.

Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to
any person obtaining a copy of the Unicode data
files and any associated documentation (the
"Data Files") or Unicode software and any
associated documentation (the "Software") to
deal in the Data Files or Software without
restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute,
and/or sell copies of the Data Files or Software,
and to permit persons to whom the Data Files or
Software are furnished to do so, provided that (a)

the above copyright notice(s) and this permission
notice appear with all copies of the Data Files or
Software, (b) both the above copyright notice(s)
and this permission notice appear in associated
documentation, and (c) there is clear notice in
each modified Data File or in the Software as
well as in the documentation associated with the
Data File(s) or Software that the data or software
has been modified.

THE DATA FILES AND SOFTWARE ARE
PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF
ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND
NONINFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY
RIGHTS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR HOLDERS
INCLUDED IN THIS NOTICE BE LIABLE FOR
ANY CLAIM, OR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY
DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM
LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER
IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE
OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR
PERFORMANCE OF THE DATA FILES OR
SOFTWARE.

Except as contained in this notice, the name of a
copyright holder shall not be used in advertising
or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other

WHEELS AND TIRES

560

Tires

The function of the tires is to carry loads, provide
traction on road surfaces, reduce vibrations and
protect the wheels from wear.

The tires significantly influence the vehicle's driv-
ing characteristics. The type, dimensions, tire
pressure and speed rating have a considerable
impact on how the vehicle performs.

Your vehicle is equipped with tires according to
the vehicle's tire information placard on the B-pil-
lar (the structural member at the side of the vehi-
cle, at the rear of the driver's door opening).

WARNING

A damaged tire could cause the driver to lose

control of the vehicle.

CAUTION

Some Volvo models are equipped with an
Ultra High Performance tire and wheel com-
bination designed to provide maximum dry
pavement performance with consideration for
hydroplaning resistance. They may be more
susceptible to road hazard damage and,
depending on driving conditions, may achieve
a tread life of less than 30,000 km (20,000
miles). Even if this vehicle is equipped with
Volvo's advanced AWD or stability system,
these tires are not designed for winter driving,
and should be replaced with winter tires when
weather conditions dictate.

The tires have good road holding characteristics
and offer good handling on dry and wet surfaces.
It should be noted however that the tires have
been developed to give these features on snow/
ice-free surfaces.

Most models are equipped with "all-season" tires,
which provide a somewhat higher degree of road-
holding on slippery road surfaces than tires with-
out the "all-season" rating. However, for optimal
roadholding on icy or snow-covered roads, Volvo
recommends snow tires on all four wheels.

When replacing tires, be sure that the new tires
are the same size designation, type (radial) and
preferably from the same manufacturer, on all

four wheels. Otherwise there is a risk of altering
the vehicle's roadholding and handling characte-
ristics.

Recommended tires

On delivery, the car is equipped with Volvo origi-
nal tires that have the VOL

marking on the side

of the tires. These tires have been designed spe-
cifically for your vehicle. It is therefore important
when replacing tires that the new tires have this
same marking to help maintain the vehicle's driv-
ing characteristics, comfort and fuel consumption.

New tires

Tires are perishable goods. After a few years,
they will begin to harden and their friction proper-
ties will gradually deteriorate. Always replace tires
with the freshest tires possible. This is particularly
important for snow tires. A series of numbers is

This may vary for certain tire dimensions.

WHEELS AND TIRES

}}

561

imprinted on the sidewall of the tire. The last four
digits in the series is the Department of
Transportation (DOT) stamp and indicates the
week and year the tire was manufactured. The
tire in the illustration has 0717 as the last four
digits, which means it was manufactured week 7
of 2017.

Tire age

Tires degrade over time, even when they are not
being used. It is recommended that tires gener-
ally be replaced after 6 years of normal service.
Heat caused by hot climates, frequent high load-
ing conditions or Ultra Violet (U.V.) exposure can
accelerate the aging process. The temporary
spare

should also be replaced at 6-year inter-

vals, even if it has never been used. A tire with
e.g., visible cracks or discoloration should be
replaced immediately.

Tire economy

•

Maintain correct tire pressure.

•

Avoid fast starts, hard braking and tire
screeching.

•

Tire wear increases with speed.

•

Correct front wheel alignment is very impor-
tant.

•

Unbalanced wheels impair tire economy and
driving comfort.

•

Tires must maintain the same direction of
rotation throughout their lifetime.

•

When replacing tires, the tires with the most
tread should be mounted on the rear wheels
to reduce the chance of oversteer during
hard braking.

•

Hitting curbs or potholes can damage the
tires and/or wheels permanently.

Tire rotation

Your vehicle has no required tire rotation. Driving
style, tire pressure, climate and road conditions
affect how quickly the tires age and exhibit signs
of wear. Maintaining the correct tire pressure
helps keep tread wear evenly distributed.

To help prevent differences in tread depth and
wear patterns forming on the tires, the front and
rear wheels should be rotated, i.e. the front tires
moved to the rear and the rear tires moved to the
front. Ideally, tire rotation should be done the first
time after approximately 5000 km (ca
3100 miles) and thereafter at 10,000 km
(approx. 6200 miles) intervals.

If you have any questions regarding tread depth,
Volvo recommends consulting an authorized
Volvo workshop. If significant differences in wear
(> 1 mm difference in tread depth) between the
tires have already occurred, the least worn tires
should always be mounted on the rear wheels. A
front-wheel skid (understeer) is usually easier to

control than a rear-wheel skid (oversteer). If the
front wheels skid, the vehicle will continue in a
straight line instead of the rear wheels skidding
to the side, which could cause you to completely
lose control of the vehicle. It is therefore impor-
tant that the rear wheels never lose grip before
the front wheels.

Storing wheels and tires

When storing complete wheels (tires mounted on
rims), they should be suspended off the floor or
placed on their sides on the floor.

Tires not mounted on rims should be stored on
their sides or standing upright, but should not be
suspended.

CAUTION

Tires should preferably be stored in a cool,
dry, dark place, and should never be stored in
close proximity to solvents, gasoline, oils, etc.

Not available on all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES

* Option/accessory.

562

WARNING

•

The wheel and tire sizes for your Volvo
are specified to meet stringent stability
and handling requirements. Unapproved
wheel/tire size combinations can nega-
tively affect your vehicle's stability and
handling.

•

Any damage caused by installation of
unapproved wheel/tire size combinations
will not be covered by your new vehicle
warranty. Volvo assumes no responsibility
for death, injury, or expenses that may
result from such installations.

Related information

•

•

Tire direction of rotation (p. 562)

•

Tread wear indicator (p. 563)

•

Tire pressure monitoring system* (p. 569)

•

Tire sealing system (p. 582)

•

Uniform Tire Quality Grading (p. 566)

•

Tire terminology (p. 563)

•

Tire sidewall designations (p. 564)

•

Loading recommendations (p. 598)

Tire direction of rotation

Tires with tread designed to roll in only one
direction are marked with an arrow on the side-
wall.

The arrow shows the tire's direction of rotation.

•

The tire should maintain the same direction
of rotation throughout its service life.

•

Tires should only be moved between the
front and back, never from right to left or vice
versa.

•

Incorrectly mounted tires impair the vehicle's
braking properties and ability to force aside
rain, snow and slush.

•

The tires with the most tread should always
be mounted on the rear wheels to help
reduce the risk of skidding.

Use tires of the same type, dimensions and
make (manufacturer) on each axle.

Related information

•

WHEELS AND TIRES

}}

563

Tread wear indicator

The tread wear indicator shows the status of the
tire's tread.

The tread wear indicator is a narrow elevated
strip running across the tire's longitudinal tread
grooves. The letters TWI (Tread Wear Indicator)
are visible on the side of the tire. When approxi-
mately 1.6 mm (1/16 inch) is left on the tread,
the tread will be at the same height as the tread
wear indicator. Replace the tire as soon as possi-
ble. Tires with low tread offer very poor traction in
rain or snow.

Related information

•

Tire terminology

The following is a glossary of tire-related terms.

The tire suppliers may have additional markings,
notes or warnings such as standard load, radial
tubeless, etc.

•

Tire information placard: A placard show-
ing the OE (Original Equipment) tire sizes,
recommended inflation pressure, and the
maximum weight the vehicle can carry.

•

Tire Identification Number (TIN): A number
on the sidewall of each tire providing infor-
mation about the tire brand and manufactur-
ing plant, tire size and date of manufacture.

•

Inflation pressure: A measure of the
amount of air in a tire.

•

Standard load: A class of P-metric or Metric
tires designed to carry a maximum load at 35
psi [37 psi (2.5 bar) for Metric tires]. Increas-
ing the inflation pressure beyond this pres-
sure will not increase the tires load carrying
capability.

•

Extra load: A class of P-metric or Metric
tires designed to carry a heavier maximum
load at 41 psi [43 psi (2.9 bar) for Metric
tires]. Increasing the inflation pressure
beyond this pressure will not increase the
tire's load carrying capability.

•

kPa: Kilopascal, a metric unit of air pressure.

•

PSI: Pounds per square inch, a standard unit
of air pressure.

•

B-pillar: The structural member at the side
of the vehicle behind the front door.

•

Bead area of the tire: Area of the tire next
to the rim.

•

Sidewall of the tire: Area between the bead
area and the tread.

•

Tread area of the tire: Area of the perime-
ter of the tire that contacts the road when
mounted on the vehicle.

•

Rim: The metal support (wheel) for a tire or a
tire and tube assembly upon which the tire
beads are seated.

•

Maximum load rating: a figure indicating
the maximum load in pounds and kilograms
that can be carried by the tire. This rating is
established by the tire manufacturer.

•

Maximum permissible inflation pressure:
the greatest amount of air pressure that
should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set
by the tire manufacturer.

•

Recommended tire inflation pressure:
inflation pressure, established by Volvo,
which is based on the type of tires that are
mounted on a vehicle at the factory. This
information can be found on the tire inflation
placard(s) located on the driver's side B-pillar
and in the tire inflation table in this chapter.

•

Cold tires: The tires are considered to be
cold when they have the same temperature
as the surrounding (ambient) air. This tem-

WHEELS AND TIRES

564

perature is normally reached after the vehicle
has been parked for at least 3 hours.

Related information

•

Tire sidewall designations

The following information can be found on a
tire's sidewall.

Federal law mandates that tire manufacturers
place standardized information on the sidewall of
all tires (see the illustration).

The vehicle has been certified with certain combi-
nations of wheels and tires.

The following information is listed on the tire
sidewall:

The tire designation:

Please be aware that the following tire desig-
nation is an example only and that this par-
ticular tire may not be available on your vehi-
cle.

1. 215: the width of the tire (in millimeters)

from sidewall edge to sidewall edge. The
larger the number, the wider the tire.

2. 65: The ratio of the tire's height to its width

in percent.

3. R: Radial tire (the designation RF and the

symbol indicate that the vehicle is

equipped with optional self-supporting run
flat tires

4. 15: The diameter of the wheel rim (in

inches).

5. 95: The tire's load index. In this example, a

load index of 95 equals a maximum load of
1521 lbs (690 kg).

6. H: The tire's speed rating, or the maximum

speed at which the tire is designed to be
driven for extended periods of time, carrying
a permissible load for the vehicle, and with
correct inflation pressure. For example, H
indicates a speed rating of 210 km/h
(130 mph).

Self-supporting run flat tires may not be available on all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES

565

The tire's load index and speed rating may
not appear on the sidewall because they are
not required by law.

7. M+S or M/S = Mud and Snow, AT = All Ter-

rain, AS = All Season

8. U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number

(TIN): This begins with the letters "DOT" and
indicates that the tire meets all federal
standards. The next two numbers are the
factory code where the tire was manufac-
tured, the next two are the tire size code and
the last four numbers represent the week
and year the tire was made. For example,
0717 means that the tire was manufactured
during week 7 of 2017. The numbers in
between are marketing codes used at the
manufacturer's discretion. This information
helps a tire manufacturer identify a tire for
safety recall purposes.

9. Tire Ply Composition and Material Used:

Indicates the number of plies indicates or the
number of layers of rubber-coated fabric in
the tire tread and sidewall. Tire manufactur-
ers also must indicate the ply materials in the
tire and the sidewall, which include steel,
nylon, polyester, and others.

10. Maximum Load: Indicates the maximum

load in pounds and kilograms that can be
carried by the tire. Refer to the vehicle's tire

information placard located on the B-Pillar
for the correct tire pressure for your vehicle.

11. Treadwear, Traction, and Temperature

grades.

12. Maximum permissible inflation pressure:

the greatest amount of air pressure that
should ever be put in the tire. This limit is set
by the tire manufacturer.

Speed Symbol

A tire's Speed Symbol (SS) indicates the maxi-
mum speed for which the tire has been certified
and should be at least equivalent to the vehicle's
top speed.

Winter tires, with or without studs, are exceptions
and may use a lower SS. When winter tires are
installed, the vehicle may not be driven faster
than the tires' SS.

The vehicle's speed should always be determined
by the posted speed limit and traffic and road
conditions, not the tire's SS.

The following table indicates the maximum per-
missible speed for each SS.

130 km/h (81 mph)

160 km/h (100 mph)

190 km/h (118 mph)

210 km/h (130 mph)

240 km/h (149 mph)

270 km/h (168 mph)

300 km/h (186 mph)

WARNING

•

Related information

•

WHEELS AND TIRES

566

Uniform Tire Quality Grading

ALL PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES MUST
CONFORM TO FEDERAL SAFETY REQUIRE-
MENTS IN ADDITION TO THESE GRADES.

Quality grades can be found, where applica-
ble, on the tire sidewall between the tread
shoulder and maximum section width. For
example:

Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A

TREADWEAR

The treadwear grade is a comparative rating
based on the wear rate of the tire when tested
under controlled conditions on a specified gov-
ernment test course. For example, a tire graded
150 would wear one and one half (1 ½) times as
well on the government course as a tire graded
100. The relative performance of tires depends
upon the actual conditions of their use, however,
and many depart significantly from the norm due
to variation in driving habits, maintenance practi-
ces and differences in road characteristics and
climate.

TRACTION

The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are
AA, A, B, and C, as measured under controlled
conditions on specified government test surfaces
of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may
have poor traction performance.

WARNING

The traction grade assigned to this tire is

based on braking (straight-ahead) traction

tests and is not a measure of cornering (turn-

ing) traction.

TEMPERATURE

The temperature grades are A (the highest), B,
and C, representing the tire's resistance to the
generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat
when tested under controlled conditions on a
specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained
high temperature can cause the material of the
tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and exces-
sive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure.
The grade C corresponds to a minimum level of
performance that all passenger vehicle tires must
meet under the Federal Motor Safety Standard
No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels
of performance on the laboratory test wheel than
the minimum required by law.

WARNING

The temperature grade for this tire is estab-

lished for a tire that is properly inflated and

not overloaded. Excessive speed, under-infla-

tion, or excessive loading, either separately or

in combination, can cause heat buildup and

tire failure.

Related information

•

Tire sidewall designations (p. 564)

•

WHEELS AND TIRES

* Option/accessory.

567

Checking tire pressure

Correct inflation pressure helps improve driving
stability, save fuel and increase the service life of
the tires.

Tire pressure decreases over time, which is nor-
mal. Tire pressure also varies depending on the
ambient temperature. Driving on under-inflated
tires could cause the vehicle to overheat and lead
to damage. Tire pressure affects traveling com-
fort, road noise and driving characteristics.

Check the pressure in the tires every month. Use
the recommended inflation pressure for cold tires
for optimal tire performance and wear. Under-
inflated or over-inflated tires could cause uneven
tread wear.

Use an air pressure gauge and check the infla-
tion pressure on all the tires, including the spare
tire

, at least once a month and before long trips.

Volvo strongly recommends buying a reliable air
pressure gauge, as the automatic gauges provi-
ded at service stations may be inaccurate.

WARNING

•

Under-inflation is the most common
cause of tire failure and may result in
severe tire cracking, tread separation, or
"blow-out," with unexpected loss of vehi-
cle control and increased risk of injury.

•

Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-
rying capacity of your vehicle.

Cold tires

Inflation pressure should be checked when the
tires are cold.

The tires are considered to be cold when they
have the same temperature as the surrounding
(ambient) air.

This temperature is normally reached after the
vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours.

After driving for approximately 1.6 km (1 mile),
the tires are considered to be warm. If you need
to drive longer than that to inflate the tires, check
and record the inflation pressure of the tires first
and inflate accordingly when you arrive at the
pump.

When the ambient temperature changes, so does
the inflation pressure. A 10-degree temperature
drop causes a corresponding drop in inflation
pressure of 1 psi (7 kPa). Check the inflation
pressure of the tires regularly and adjust to the

correct pressure, which can be found on the vehi-
cle's tire information placard or certification label.

If you check inflation pressure when the tires are
warm, you should never release air. The tires
become warm after driving and it is normal for
warm tires to have an inflation pressure above
the recommended pressure for cold tires. A warm
tire with an inflation pressure equal to or under
the recommended pressure for cold tires could
be significantly under-inflated.

Related information

•

Adjusting tire pressure (p. 568)

•

Recommended tire pressure (p. 569)

•

Tire pressure monitoring system* (p. 569)

•

Not available in all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES

568

Adjusting tire pressure

Tire pressure decreases over time, which is nor-
mal. The tire pressure must therefore be
adjusted to maintain the recommended tire pres-
sure.

Use the recommended inflation pressure for cold
tires for optimal tire performance and wear.

To help prevent incorrect inflation pressure,
pressure should be checked when the tires
are cold. The tires are considered to be cold
when they have reached the same tempera-
ture as the ambient temperature (about 3
hours after the vehicle was last driven). After
driving for a few kilometers, the tires will warm
up and the pressure will increase.

1. Remove the valve cap from the tire and press

the air pressure gauge firmly onto the valve.

2. Inflate the tire to the correct inflation pres-

sure; see the tire pressure placard on the
driver's side B pillar for recommended pres-
sures for factory-mounted tires.

3. Screw the valve cap back on.

•

After inflating a tire, always replace the
valve cap to help prevent valve damage
caused by gravel, dirt, etc.

•

Use plastic valve caps only. Metal caps
could corrode and become difficult to
remove.

4. Visually inspect the tire to make sure there

are no nails or other embedded objects that
could puncture the tire and cause air leak-
age.

5. Check the sidewalls to make sure there are

no gouges, cuts, bulges or other irregulari-
ties.

6. Repeat this procedure for each tire, including

the spare tire