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Toyota RAV4 (2018 year). Instruction - part 41

680

9-1. Specifications

Light bulbs

Light bulbs

Bulb No.

W

Type

Headlights/daytime

running

9012

55

A

lights (halogen headlights)

Fog lights*

⎯

19

B

Front turn signal lights/

parking lights

(halogen head-

7444NA

28/8

C

lights)

Front turn signal lights

(LED

7444NA

28

C

headlights)

Exterior

Front side marker lights

⎯

5

D

Stop/tail lights and rear side

7443

21/5

D

marker lights (bulb type)

Tail lights (bulb type)

⎯

5

D

Rear turn signal lights

⎯

21

C

Back-up lights

921

16

D

License plate lights

⎯

5

D

Vanity lights

⎯

8

D

Interior lights (front)/

⎯

5

D

personal lights

Interior

Interior light (rear)

⎯

8

E

Luggage compartment light

⎯

5

D

A: HIR2 halogen bulbs

D: Wedge base bulbs (clear)

B: H16 halogen bulbs

E: Double end bulbs

C: Wedge base bulbs (amber)

*: If equipped

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681

Fuel information

You must only use unleaded gasoline in your vehicle.

Select octane rating 87 (Research Octane Number 91) or higher.

Use of unleaded gasoline with an octane rating lower than 87

may result in engine knocking. Persistent knocking can lead to

engine damage.

At minimum, the gasoline you use should meet the specifications of

ASTM D4814 in the U.S.A..

■ Gasoline quality

In very few cases, driveability problems may be caused by the brand of gaso-

line you are using. If driveability problems persist, try changing the brand of

gasoline. If this does not correct the problem, consult your Toyota dealer.

■ Gasoline quality standards

● Automotive manufacturers in the U.S.A., Europe and Japan have developed

a specification for fuel quality called the World-Wide Fuel Charter (WWFC),

which is expected to be applied worldwide.

● The WWFC consists of four categories that are based on required emission

levels. In the U.S., category 4 has been adopted.

● The WWFC improves air quality by lowering emissions in vehicle fleets, and

improves customer satisfaction through better performance.

■ Recommendation of the use of gasoline containing detergent additives

● Toyota recommends the use of gasoline that contains detergent additives to

avoid the build-up of engine deposits.

● All gasoline sold in the U.S.A. contains minimum detergent additives to

clean and/or keep clean intake systems, per EPA’s lowest additives concen-

tration program.

● Toyota strongly recommends the use of Top Tier Detergent Gasoline. For

more information on Top Tier Detergent Gasoline and a list of marketers,

9

please go to the official website www.toptiergas.com.

■ Recommendation of the use of low emissions gasoline

Gasoline containing oxygenates such as ethers and ethanol, as well as refor-

mulated gasoline, are available in some cities. These fuels are typically

acceptable for use, providing they meet other fuel requirements.

Toyota recommends these fuels, since the formulations allow for reduced

vehicle emissions.

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9-1. Specifications

■Non-recommendation of the use of blended gasoline

● Use only gasoline containing up to 15%

DO NOT use gasoline

ethanol.

containing more than

DO NOT use any flex-fuel or gasoline

that could contain more than 15% etha-

15% ethanol.

nol, including from any pump labeled

(30% ethanol)

E30, E50, E85 (which are only some

examples of fuel containing

more than

(50% ethanol)

15% ethanol).

(85% ethanol)

● If you use gasohol in your vehicle, be sure that it has an octane rating no

lower than 87.

● Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline containing methanol.

■Non-recommendation of the use of gasoline containing MMT

Some gasoline contains an octane enhancing additive called MMT (Methylcy-

clopentadienyl Manganese Tricarbonyl).

Toyota does not recommend the use of gasoline that contains MMT. If fuel

containing MMT is used, your emission control system may be adversely

affected.

The malfunction indicator lamp on the instrument cluster may come on. If this

happens, contact your Toyota dealer for service.

■ If your engine knocks

● Consult your Toyota dealer.

● You may occasionally notice light knocking for a short time while accelerat-

ing or driving uphill. This is normal and there is no need for concern.

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683

NOTICE

■ Notice on fuel quality

● Do not use improper fuels. If improper fuels are used, the engine will be

damaged.

● Do not use leaded gasoline.

Leaded gasoline can cause damage to your vehicle’s three-way catalytic

converters causing the emission control system to malfunction.

● Do not use gasohol other than the type previously stated.

Other gasohol may cause fuel system damage or vehicle performance

problems.

● Using unleaded gasoline with an octane number or rating lower than the

level previously stated will cause persistent heavy knocking.

At worst, this will lead to engine damage.

■ Fuel-related poor driveability

If poor driveability (poor hot starting, vaporization, engine knocking, etc.) is

encountered after using a different type of fuel, discontinue the use of that

type of fuel.

■When refueling with gasohol

Take care not to spill gasohol. It can damage your vehicle’s paint.

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684

9-1. Specifications

Tire information

Typical tire symbols

 Full-size tire

 Compact spare tire

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685

1

Tire size

(→P. 687)

2

DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN)

(→P. 686)

3

Location of treadwear indicators

(→P. 569)

4

Tire ply composition and materials

Plies are layers of rubber-coated parallel cords. Cords are the strands

which form the plies in a tire.

5

Radial tires or bias-ply tires

A radial tire has “RADIAL” on the sidewall. A tire not marked “RADIAL”

is a bias-ply tire.

6

TUBELESS or TUBE TYPE

A tubeless tire does not have a tube and air is directly put into the tire.

A tube type tire has a tube inside the tire and the tube maintains the air

pressure.

7

Load limit at maximum cold tire inflation pressure

(→P. 691)

8

Maximum cold tire inflation pressure

(→P. 691)

This means the pressure to which a tire may be inflated.

9

Uniform tire quality grading

For details, see “Uniform Tire Quality Grading” that follows.

10

Summer tires or all season tires

(→P. 574)

An all season tire has “M+S” on the sidewall. A tire not marked “M+S”

is a summer tire.

“TEMPORARY USE ONLY”

11

A compact spare tire is identified by the phrase “TEMPORARY USE

ONLY” molded on its sidewall. This tire is designed for temporary

emergency use only.

9

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9-1. Specifications

Typical DOT and Tire Identification Number (TIN)

 Type A

 Type B

1

DOT symbol*

2

Tire Identification Number (TIN)

3

Tire manufacturer’s identification mark

4

Tire size code

5

Manufacturer’s optional tire type code (3 or 4 letters)

6

Manufacturing week

7

Manufacturing year

8

Manufacturer’s code

*: The DOT symbol certifies that the tire conforms to applicable Federal

Motor Vehicle Safety Standards.

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Tire size

■ Typical tire size information

The illustration indicates typical

tire size.

1

Tire use

(P = Passenger car,

T = Temporary use)

2

Section width (millimeters)

3

Aspect ratio

(tire height to section width)

4

Tire construction code (R = Radial, D = Diagonal)

5

Wheel diameter (inches)

6

Load index (2 digits or 3 digits)

7

Speed symbol (alphabet with one letter)

■ Tire dimensions

1

Section width

2

Tire height

3

Wheel diameter

9

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9-1. Specifications

Tire section names

1

Bead

2

Sidewall

3

Shoulder

4

Tread

5

Belt

6

Inner liner

7

Reinforcing rubber

8

Carcass

9

Rim lines

10

Bead wires

11

Chafer

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689

Uniform Tire Quality Grading

This information has been prepared in accordance with regulations

issued by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration of the

U.S. Department of Transportation.

It provides the purchasers and/or prospective purchasers of Toyota

vehicles with information on uniform tire quality grading.

Your Toyota dealer will help answer any questions you may have as

you read this information.

■ DOT quality grades

All passenger vehicle tires must conform to Federal Safety Require-

ments in addition to these grades. Quality grades can be found

where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and

maximum section width.

For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A

■ Treadwear

The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear

rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a speci-

fied government test course.

For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and a half (1 - 1/2)

times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100.

The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual condi-

tions of their use. Performance may differ significantly from the norm

due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences

in road characteristics and climate.

■ Traction AA, A, B, C

The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B and C,

and they represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as

9

measured under controlled conditions on specified government test

surfaces of asphalt and concrete.

A tire marked C may have poor traction performance.

Warning: The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on braking

(straight ahead) traction tests and does not include cornering (turn-

ing) traction.

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691

Glossary of tire terminology

Tire related term

Meaning

Tire pressure when the vehicle has been

Cold tire inflation pres-

parked for three hours or more, or has not

sure

been driven more than 1 mile or 1.5 km under

that condition

The maximum cold inflated pressure to which

Maximum

inflation

a tire may be inflated, shown on the sidewall

pressure

of the tire

Recommended infla-

Cold tire inflation pressure recommended by a

tion pressure

manufacturer

The combined weight (in excess of those stan-

dard items which may be replaced) of auto-

matic transmission, power steering, power

Accessory weight

brakes, power windows, power seats, radio

and heater, to the extent that these items are

available as factory-installed equipment

(whether installed or not)

The weight of a motor vehicle with standard

equipment, including the maximum capacity of

Curb weight

fuel, oil and coolant, and if so equipped, air

conditioning and additional weight optional

engine

The sum of:

(a) Curb weight

Maximum loaded vehi-

(b) Accessory weight

cle weight

(c) Vehicle capacity weight

(d) Production options weight

150 lb. (68 kg) times the number of occupants

9

Normal

occupant

specified in the second column of Table 1*

weight

that follows

Distribution of occupants in a vehicle as speci-

Occupant distribution

fied in the third column of Table 1* below

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9-1. Specifications

Tire related term

Meaning

The combined weight of installed regular pro-

duction options weighing over 5 lb. (2.3 kg) in

excess of the standard items which they

Production

options

replace, not previously considered in curb

weight

weight or accessory weight, including heavy

duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy

duty battery, and special trim

A metal support for a tire or a tire and tube

Rim

assembly upon which the tire beads are

seated

Rim diameter

Nominal diameter of the bead seat

(Wheel diameter)

Rim size designation

Rim diameter and width

The industry manufacturer’s designation for a

Rim type designation

rim by style or code

Rim width

Nominal distance between rim flanges

Vehicle

capacity

The rated cargo and luggage load plus 150 lb.

weight

(Total

load

(68 kg) times the vehicle’s designated seating

capacity)

capacity

The load on an individual tire that is deter-

Vehicle maximum load

mined by distributing to each axle its share of

on the tire

the maximum loaded vehicle weight, and

dividing by two

The load on an individual tire that is deter-

mined by distributing to each axle its share of

Vehicle normal load on

curb weight, accessory weight, and normal

the tire

occupant weight

(distributed in accordance

with Table 1* below), and dividing by two

The surface area of the rim not covered by the

Weather side

inflated tire

The part of the tire that is made of steel wires,

Bead

wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is

shaped to fit the rim

A breakdown of the bond between compo-

Bead separation

nents in the bead

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Tire related term

Meaning

A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that

extend to the beads are laid at alternate

Bias ply tire

angles substantially less than 90 degrees to

the centerline of the tread

The tire structure, except tread and sidewall

Carcass

rubber which, when inflated, bears the load

The breaking away of pieces of the tread or

Chunking

sidewall

Cord

The strands forming the plies in the tire

The parting of cords from adjacent rubber

Cord separation

compounds

Any parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner-

Cracking

liner of the tire extending to cord material

A pneumatic tire with an inverted flange tire

and rim system in which the rim is designed

with rim flanges pointed radially inward and

CT

the tire is designed to fit on the underside of

the rim in a manner that encloses the rim

flanges inside the air cavity of the tire

A tire designed to operate at higher loads and

Extra load tire

at higher inflation pressures than the corre-

sponding standard tire

Groove

The space between two adjacent tread ribs

The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a

Innerliner

tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium

within the tire

The parting of the innerliner from cord material

9

Innerliner separation

in the carcass

(a) The sidewall that contains a whitewall,

bears white lettering, or bears manufac-

turer, brand, and/or model name molding

that is higher or deeper than the same

Intended

outboard

molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or

sidewall

(b) The outward facing sidewall of an asym-

metrical tire that has a particular side that

must always face outward when mounted

on a vehicle

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9-1. Specifications

Tire related term

Meaning

A tire designated by its manufacturer as pri-

Light truck (LT) tire

marily intended for use on lightweight trucks

or multipurpose passenger vehicles

The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry

Load rating

for a given inflation pressure

The load rating for a tire at the maximum per-

Maximum load rating

missible inflation pressure for that tire

Maximum permissible

The maximum cold inflation pressure to which

inflation pressure

a tire may be inflated

The rim on which a tire is fitted for physical

Measuring rim

dimension requirements

Any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall,

Open splice

or innerliner that extends to cord material

Outer diameter

The overall diameter of an inflated new tire

The linear distance between the exteriors of

the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including ele-

Overall width

vations due to labeling, decorations, or protec-

tive bands or ribs

A tire intended for use on passenger cars,

multipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks,

Passenger car tire

that have a gross vehicle weight rating

(GVWR) of 10,000 lb. or less.

Ply

A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords

A parting of rubber compound between adja-

Ply separation

cent plies

A mechanical device made of rubber, chemi-

cals, fabric and steel or other materials, that,

Pneumatic tire

when mounted on an automotive wheel, pro-

vides the traction and contains the gas or fluid

that sustains the load

A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that

Radial ply tire

extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90

degrees to the centerline of the tread

A tire designed to operate at higher loads and

Reinforced tire

at higher inflation pressures than the corre-

sponding standard tire

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695

Tire related term

Meaning

The linear distance between the exteriors of

the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding ele-

Section width

vations due to labeling, decoration, or protec-

tive bands

That portion of a tire between the tread and

Sidewall

bead

The parting of the rubber compound from the

Sidewall separation

cord material in the sidewall

A tire that attains a traction index equal to or

greater than 110, compared to the ASTM E-

1136 Standard Reference Test Tire, when

using the snow traction test as described in

Snow tire

ASTM F-1805-00, Standard Test Method for

Single Wheel Driving Traction in a Straight

Line on Snow-and Ice-Covered Surfaces, and

which is marked with an Alpine Symbol (

)

on at least one sidewall

The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and

Test rim

may be any rim listed as appropriate for use

with that tire

That portion of a tire that comes into contact

Tread

with the road

A tread section running circumferentially

Tread rib

around a tire

Tread separation

Pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass

The projections within the principal grooves

Treadwear indicators

designed to give a visual indication of the

(TWI)

degrees of wear of the tread

9

The fixture used to hold the wheel and tire

Wheel-holding fixture

assembly securely during testing

*: Table 1 ⎯ Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for

various designated seating capacities

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696

9-1. Specifications

Designated seating

Occupant distribution

Vehicle normal load,

capacity, Number of

in a normally loaded

Number of occupants

occupants

vehicle

2 through 4

2

2 in front

2 in front, 1 in second

5 through 10

3

seat

2 in front, 1 in second

11 through 15

5

seat, 1 in third seat, 1

in fourth seat

2 in front, 2 in second

16 through 20

7

seat, 2 in third seat, 1

in fourth seat

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