|
|
|
содержание .. 13 14 15 16 ..
54
Ɉɬɤɢɧɶɬɟ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɟ.
ɉɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɞɜɚ ɤɪɚɫɧɵɯ ɪɵɱɚɠɤɚ
E
, ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɨɫɜɨɛɨɞɢɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ ɢɡ ɡɚɦɤɨɜ.
ɉɨɞɧɢɦɢɬɟ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɟ, ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɡɚ
ɩɨɪɭɱɟɧɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɤɢ
F
.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɥ ɛɵɥ ɝɥɚɞɤɢɦ, ɡɚɤɪɨɣɬɟ ɤɪɟɩɟɠ-
ɧɵɟ ɝɧɟɡɞɚ ɫɢɞɟɧɢɣ 3-ɝɨ ɪɹɞɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶ-
ɧɵɦɢ ɡɚɝɥɭɲɤɚɦɢ.
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ
Ⱦɥɹ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ ɜ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɦ ɪɹɞɭ
ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɢɡɜɥɟɤɢɬɟ ɢɡ ɤɪɟɩɟɠɧɵɯ ɝɧɟɡɞ
ɡɚɝɥɭɲɤɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɬɨɧɤɨɣ ɨɬɜɟɪɬɤɢ.
ɉɟɪɟɞ ɬɟɦ, ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɬɶ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ ɜ ɬɪɟ-
ɬɶɟɦ ɪɹɞɭ ɩɨɞɜɢɧɶɬɟ ɜɩɟɪɟɞ, ɩɪɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨ-
ɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ, ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ.
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɤɪɟɩɟɠɧɵɟ ɝɧɟɡɞɚ ɫɜɨ-
ɛɨɞɧɵ ɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɜ ɧɢɯ
ɫɬɨɟɤ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ ɧɢɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɦɟɲɚɟɬ.
ɉɟɪɟɧɨɫɢɬɟ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɟ, ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɡɚ
ɩɨɪɭɱɟɧɶ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɤɢ
F
.
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ ɜ
ɤɪɟɩɟɠɧɵɟ ɝɧɟɡɞɚ ɢ ɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɢɯ ɩɪɢ
ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɤɪɚɫɧɵɯ ɪɵɱɚɠɤɨɜ
E
.
Ɂɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɨ
ɉɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ ɡɚ ɥɹɦɤɭ
C
ɤɜɟɪɯɭ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɛɟ-
ɞɢɬɶɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɡɚɞɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵ ɨɬ
ɡɚɦɤɨɜ.
ɇɚɤɥɨɧɢɬɟ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɟ ɧɚɡɚɞ.
Ɂɚɞɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɡɚɳɟɥɤɧɭɬɫɹ
ɜ ɡɚɦɤɚɯ.
ɍɛɟɞɢɬɟɫɶ, ɱɬɨ ɜɫɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɨ
ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɵ ɜ ɡɚɦɤɚɯ.
Ɉɫɜɨɛɨɞɢɬɟ ɨɬ ɮɢɤɫɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɢ ɩɨɞɧɢɦɢɬɟ
ɫɩɢɧɤɭ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ ɜ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟ-
ɧɢɟ, ɩɨɬɹɧɭɜ ɡɚ ɥɹɦɤɭ
B
.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɮɢɤɫɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɞɜɚ ɪɵɱɚɝɚ
D
.
ȼ ɰɟɥɹɯ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɹɬɧɨ-
ɝɨ ɜɢɞɚ ɨɛɢɜɤɢ ɫɢɞɟɧɢɣ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ
ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɣɬɟ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɫɩɢɧɤɭ
ɧɚ ɩɨɞɭɲɤɟ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ.
ɇɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɤɥɚɞɢɬɟ ɛɚɝɚɠ ɧɚ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ
ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ.
ȼɨɫɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ
ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨ-
ɜɨɱɧɵɟ ɥɹɦɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɧɹɬɢɹ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɢɥɢ
ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɤɢ ɫɢɞɟɧɢɣ ; ɩɨɥɶɡɭɣɬɟɫɶ ɫɩɟɰɢ-
ɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɭɱ-
ɧɟɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɧɨɫɤɢ.
Ɉɫɜɨɛɨɠɞɟɧɨ
ɋɧɹɬɢɟ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ
55
ɊȺɁɅɂɑɇɕȿ ȼȺɊɂȺɇɌɕ ɍɋɌȺɇɈȼɄɂ ɋɂȾȿɇɂɃ
ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɱɢɫɥɚ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɯɫɹ ɫɢɞɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɨɛɨɪɭɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ȼɚɲɟɝɨ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ, ȼɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɨ-ɪɚɡɧɨɦɭ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɬɶ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ,
ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɦɚɤɫɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɪɟɲɚɬɶ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ
ɡɚɞɚɱɢ.
ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɢɡ
ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɢɞɟɧɢɣ
ɦɨɠɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɢɥɢ
ɬɪɟɬɢɣ ɪɹɞ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɜ ɢɯ ɫɥɟɜɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɩɪɚɜɚ.
ɍɛɪɚɜ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɟ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɟ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɪɹɞɚ, ȼɵ ɦɨɠɟɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ
ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɭɥɭɱɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɮɨɪɬɚ.
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɟ ɜɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɪɹɞɚ
ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɟ
ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɫ ɥɟɜɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɝɨ ɪɹɞɚ.
ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ȼɚɦ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜɨɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɪɟɦɧɟɦ ɥɟɜɨɝɨ
ɡɚɞɧɟɝɨ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɝɨ ɪɹɞɚ, ɧɟ ɩɪɨɬɹɝɢɜɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸ-
ɳɢɣ ɩɚɡ.
ȼ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɦ ɪɹɞɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɞɜɚ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɡɚɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɯ ("ɥɟɜɨɟ/
ɩɪɚɜɨɟ")
ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹ
.
Ʌɸɛɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɫɢɞɟɧɢɣ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɟ-
ɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɚɥɨɧɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɧɚ ɨɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟ (ɫɦ. ɝɥɚɜɭ "ɋɢɞɟɧɶɹ").
ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɞɟɧɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɡɚɞɚɱ
5 ɦɟɫɬ
4 ɦɟɫɬɚ ɢ ɫɬɨɥɢɤ
56
5 ɦɟɫɬ ɫ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɪɟɫɥɚ ɩɨ ɰɟɧɬɪɭ ɜ 3-ɦ ɪɹɞɭ
Ɋɚɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɞɥɢɧɧɨɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɡɨɜ
4 ɦɟɫɬɚ ɫ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟɦ ɛɨɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɜ 3-ɦ ɪɹɞɭ
Ɋɚɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɢ ɤɪɭɩɧɨɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɧɵɯ ɝɪɭɡɨɜ
57
6 ɦɟɫɬ ɫ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɢ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɜ
3-ɦ ɪɹɞɭ
5 ɦɟɫɬ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɥɢɤɨɦ ɢ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɟɦ
7 ɦɟɫɬ ɫ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ
5 ɦɟɫɬ ɫ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɫɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɫɢɞɟɧɶɹɦɢ
содержание .. 13 14 15 16 ..
|
|
|