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85
ȼɈɀȾȿɇɂȿ ȺȼɌɈɆɈȻɂɅə
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɩɨɤɨɥɟɧɢɹ
ɫɨɜɦɟɳɟɧ ɫ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ. Ɉɧ
ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɦ, ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɧɚ
ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɡɚɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢ-
ɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ.
Ɉɧ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ
ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ, ɡɚɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɜɨɞɢɬɟ-
ɥɟɦ.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɬɶ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢ-
ɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɚ
ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ 40 ɤɦ/ɱ, ɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ ɫ ɦɟɯɚ-
ɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɪɨɛɤɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ ɞɜɢɠɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ
ɧɢɠɟ, ɱɟɦ ɧɚ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ.
ɇɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹɯ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɪɨɛ-
ɤɨɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɪɟɠɢɦ
D
, ɚ ɜ
ɫɟɤɜɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ - ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ, ɱɟɦ
ɜɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧ,
ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɧɚ ɷɬɭ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ
ɢɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɸ ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɨɜ ɩɪɨɛɟɝɚ.
ɇɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɫɩɭɫɬɹ, ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪ-
ɧɨɦ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ, ɫɧɨɜɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɢɧɞɢ-
ɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ.
ɉɟɪɜɨɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ/ɡɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɧɢɟ
ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
Ʉɚɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɭɟ-
ɦɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɢ
2
ɢɥɢ
3
. ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɚ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ (ɩɪɢɦɟɪ
ɞɥɹ 110 ɤɦ/ɱ):
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
1
ɜ ɩɨ-
ɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
CRUISE
. Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɟɳɟ ɧɟ
ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ, ɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɟɳɟ ɧɟ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɚ
ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. Ⱦɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɵ-
ɜɚɟɬ:
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ:
ɧɚ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɨɩɭɫ-
ɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɥɶ ɚɤɫɟɥɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
ɢ ɟɯɚɬɶ ɫ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ. ɉɪɢ
ɷɬɨɦ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨ-
ɪɨɫɬɢ ɦɢɝɚɟɬ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɩɟɞɚɥɢ
ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ, ɫɨ-
ɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɣɫɹ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.
Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
ȿɫɥɢ ȼɵ ɯɨɬɢɬɟ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ:
ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɭ
4
ɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɥɶ
ɬɨɪɦɨɡɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ.
Ⱦɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ (ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɞɥɹ 110 ɤɦ/ɱ):
* ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɚɜ-
ɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ.
ɊȿȽɍɅəɌɈɊ ɋɄɈɊɈɋɌɂ*
ɂɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ
!
86
ȼɈɀȾȿɇɂȿ ȺȼɌɈɆɈȻɂɅə
Ɉɬɦɟɧɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ, ɜɧɟɫɟɧɧɨɣ
ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɫ-
ɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɟ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɢɤɚɤɢɯ ɩɚ-
ɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ.
ȼɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨ-
ɫɬɢ
ɧɚ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɭ . Ⱥɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ ɫɧɨɜɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ
ɞɜɢɝɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ, ɜɧɟɫɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɩɚ-
ɦɹɬɶ. Ⱦɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ (ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɞɥɹ
110 ɤɦ/ɱ):
ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜ
ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɩɨɦɧɢɬɶ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ, ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɸ-
ɳɭɸ ɬɭ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɩɚɦɹ-
ɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɞɜɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ:
ɇɟ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɹ ɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɥɶ ɚɤɫɟɥɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ:
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
3
.
Ʉɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ
ɧɚ 1 ɤɦ/ɱ.
Ⱦɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɟɟ ɧɚ
5 ɤɦ/ɱ.
ɉɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɚɪɚ-
ɦɟɬɪ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɦ 5 ɤɦ/ɱ.
ɇɚɠɢɦɚɹ ɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɥɶ ɚɤɫɟɥɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ:
ɪɚɡɝɨɧɢɬɟɫɶ ɞɨ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ,
ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɭɸɫɹ ɜ ɩɚ-
ɦɹɬɢ,
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
2
ɢɥɢ
3
.
Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢ-
ɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
1
ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
0
.
ɋɢɝɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɢɡ
ɫɬɪɨɹ, ɡɚɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɭɞɚɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ
ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɚ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ
ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɦɢɝɚɟɬ ɪɹɞ ɬɢɪɟ:
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɩɨɦɧɢɬɶ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ, ɦɟɧɶɲɭɸ ɬɨɣ, ɤɨ-
ɬɨɪɚɹ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ:
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
2
.
Ʉɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ
1 ɤɦ/ɱ.
Ⱦɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɟɟ ɧɚ 5 ɤɦ/ɱ.
ɉɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ
ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɦ 5 ɤɦ/ɱ.
Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɸ ɉȿɀɈ
ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.
ɋɨɯɪɚɧɹɣɬɟ ɛɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɪɭɥɟɦ,
ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɧɚ-
ɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɪɟɡɤɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɭɩɚɫɬɶ.
Ɂɚɩɪɟɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɢɫɬɟ-
ɦɨɣ ɤɪɭɢɡ-ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɚ ɫɤɨɥɶɡɤɨɣ
ɞɨɪɨɝɟ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɫɶ ɜ ɝɭɫɬɨɦ ɩɨɬɨɤɟ
ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɚ.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɪɭɢɡ-ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɟ ɧɚɞɟɥɟ-
ɧɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɡɚ-
ɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɤɪɭɬɵɯ ɫɩɭɫɤɚɯ:
ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɜɵɫɢɬɶ ɟɟ.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɢɡɛɚɜɥɹɟɬ
ɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɨɬ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ
ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ,
ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɛɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɞɨɪɨɝɟ ɢ
ɧɟɫɬɢ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɩɨɦɟɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟ-
ɧɢɸ ɩɟɞɚɥɟɣ:
-
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɭɥɨɠɢɬɟ ɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ
ɤɨɜɪɢɤ ɧɚ ɮɢɤɫɚɬɨɪɚɯ,
-
ɧɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɤɥɚɞɢɬɟ ɩɨɞ ɧɨɝɢ ɭɥɨ-
ɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɤɨɜɪɢɤɢ.
87
ȼɈɀȾȿɇɂȿ ȺȼɌɈɆɈȻɂɅə
ɉɟɪɜɨɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ/ɡɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɧɢɟ
ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
Ʉɚɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɧɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɭɟ-
ɦɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ, ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
2
ɢɥɢ
3
. ɋɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɚ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ (ɩɪɢɦɟɪ
ɞɥɹ 110 ɤɦ/ɱ):
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɧɚɳɟɧ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨ-
ɪɨɦ, ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ
ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ ɡɚɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨ-
ɫɬɢ.
Ɉɧ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɞɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɣ
ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ, ɡɚɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɜɨɞɢɬɟ-
ɥɟɦ.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɬɶ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢ-
ɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɚ
ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɟɬ 40 ɤɦ/ɱ, ɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ ɫ ɦɟɯɚ-
ɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɪɨɛɤɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱ ɞɜɢɠɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ
ɧɢɠɟ, ɱɟɦ ɧɚ ɱɟɬɜɟɪɬɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɟ.
ɇɚ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹɯ ɫ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɪɨɛ-
ɤɨɣ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ ɪɟɠɢɦ
D
, ɚ ɜ
ɫɟɤɜɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɪɟɠɢɦɟ - ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ, ɱɟɦ
ɜɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ.
ȿɫɥɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɢɪɨɜɚɧ,
ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɧɚ ɷɬɭ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ
ɢɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɸ ɫɱɟɬɱɢɤɨɜ ɩɪɨɛɟɝɚ.
ɇɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɫɩɭɫɬɹ, ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɜɬɨɪ-
ɧɨɦ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɧɨɩɤɭ, ɫɧɨɜɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɢɧɞɢ-
ɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ.
ȼɵɛɨɪ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
1
ɜ ɩɨɥɨ-
ɠɟɧɢɟ
ON
. Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɟɳɟ ɧɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧ,
ɢ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɟɳɟ ɧɟ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɚ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ. Ⱦɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ:
ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ:
ɧɚ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɞɨɩɭɫ-
ɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɥɶ ɚɤɫɟɥɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ
ɢ ɟɯɚɬɶ ɫ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɜɵɫɨɤɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ. ɉɪɢ
ɷɬɨɦ ɜɧɟɫɟɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɤɨ-
ɪɨɫɬɢ ɦɢɝɚɟɬ. ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɩɭɫɤɚɧɢɹ ɩɟɞɚɥɢ
ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ ɜɨɡɜɪɚɬɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ, ɫɨ-
ɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɣɫɹ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.
Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
ȿɫɥɢ ȼɵ ɯɨɬɢɬɟ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ
ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ:
ɇɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɭ
4
ɢɥɢ ɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɥɶ
ɬɨɪɦɨɡɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɰɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ.
Ⱦɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ (ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɞɥɹ 110 ɤɦ/ɱ):
* ȼ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɫɬɪɚɧɵ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɤɢ ɚɜ-
ɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ.
ɊȿȽɍɅəɌɈɊ ɋɄɈɊɈɋɌɂ*
ɂɧɞɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɚɧɟɥɢ ɩɪɢɛɨɪɨɜ
!
88
ȼɈɀȾȿɇɂȿ ȺȼɌɈɆɈȻɂɅə
ȼɨɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨ-
ɫɬɢ ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɤɥɚɜɢɲɭ
4
. Ⱥɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ
ɫɧɨɜɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɨ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ, ɜɧɟ-
ɫɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ. Ⱦɢɫɩɥɟɣ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ
(ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɞɥɹ 110 ɤɦ/ɱ):
Ɉɬɦɟɧɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ,
ɜɧɟɫɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ
ɉɨɫɥɟ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɨɫ-
ɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɟ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ
ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɧɟ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɢɤɚɤɢɯ ɩɚ-
ɪɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ.
ɂɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɜ
ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɩɨɦɧɢɬɶ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ, ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɸ-
ɳɭɸ ɬɭ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɩɚ-
ɦɹɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɞɜɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ:
ɇɟ ɧɚɠɢɦɚɹ ɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɥɶ ɚɤɫɟɥɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ:
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
3
.
Ʉɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ
ɧɚ 1 ɤɦ/ɱ.
Ⱦɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɤɨ-
ɪɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ 5 ɤɦ/ɱ.
ɉɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɚɪɚ-
ɦɟɬɪ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɦ 5 ɤɦ/ɱ.
ɇɚɠɢɦɚɹ ɧɚ ɩɟɞɚɥɶ ɚɤɫɟɥɟɪɚɬɨɪɚ:
ɪɚɡɝɨɧɢɬɟɫɶ ɞɨ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ,
ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɭɸɫɹ ɜ ɩɚ-
ɦɹɬɢ,
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
2
ɢɥɢ
3
.
Ɉɬɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɜɵɤɥɸɱɢɬɶ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨ-
ɜɢɬɟ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
1
ɜ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
OFF
.
ɋɢɝɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɧɟɢɫɩɪɚɜɧɨɫɬɢ
ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪɚ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɢɡ
ɫɬɪɨɹ, ɡɚɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɭɞɚɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ
ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɚ ɧɚ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ
ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɫɟɤɭɧɞ ɦɢɝɚɟɬ ɪɹɞ ɬɢɪɟ:
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɩɨɦɧɢɬɶ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ, ɦɟɧɶɲɭɸ ɬɨɣ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ ɜ ɩɚɦɹɬɢ ɫɢɫ-
ɬɟɦɵ:
ɧɚɠɦɢɬɟ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɟɤɥɸɱɚɬɟɥɶ
2
.
Ʉɪɚɬɤɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ 1 ɤɦ/ɱ.
Ⱦɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ
5 ɤɦ/ɱ.
ɉɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɟ ɧɚɠɚɬɢɟ ɫɧɢɠɚɟɬ ɩɚɪɚɦɟɬɪ
ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɢɧɬɟɪɜɚɥɨɦ 5 ɤɦ/ɱ.
ɗɬɨɬ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɢɡɚɬɨɪ ɡɚɝɨɪɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɟ-
ɤɭɧɞ ɜ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɟɧɢɢ ɡɜɭɱɚɳɟɝɨ ɡɭɦɦɟɪɚ ɢ ɫɨ-
ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɞɢɫɩɥɟɟ.
Ɉɛɪɚɬɢɬɟɫɶ ɧɚ ɫɟɪɜɢɫɧɭɸ ɫɬɚɧɰɢɸ ɉȿɀɈ ɞɥɹ
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ.
ɋɨɯɪɚɧɹɣɬɟ ɛɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɡɚ ɪɭɥɟɦ,
ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɧɚ-
ɠɚɬɢɟɦ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ
ɪɟɡɤɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɭɩɚɫɬɶ. Ɂɚɩɪɟ-
ɳɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɨɣ ɤɪɭ-
ɢɡ-ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɚ ɫɤɨɥɶɡɤɨɣ ɞɨɪɨɝɟ
ɢɥɢ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɫɶ ɜ ɝɭɫɬɨɦ ɩɨɬɨɤɟ ɬɪɚɧɫ-
ɩɨɪɬɚ.
ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɤɪɭɢɡ-ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɧɟ ɧɚɞɟɥɟ-
ɧɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜɵɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɡɚ-
ɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɤɪɭɬɵɯ ɫɩɭɫɤɚɯ:
ɚɜɬɨɦɨɛɢɥɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɟɜɵɫɢɬɶ ɟɟ.
Ɋɟɝɭɥɹɬɨɪ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɢɡɛɚɜɥɹɟɬ
ɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɨɬ ɨɛɹɡɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɨɛɥɸɞɚɬɶ
ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɹ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɪɟɠɢɦɨɜ,
ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɛɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɚ ɞɨɪɨɝɟ ɢ
ɧɟɫɬɢ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ.
ɑɬɨɛɵ ɢɡɛɟɠɚɬɶ ɩɨɦɟɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟ-
ɧɢɸ ɩɟɞɚɥɟɣ:
-
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɭɥɨɠɢɬɟ ɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɢɬɟ
ɤɨɜɪɢɤ ɧɚ ɮɢɤɫɚɬɨɪɚɯ,
-
ɧɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɤɥɚɞɢɬɟ ɩɨɞ ɧɨɝɢ ɭɥɨ-
ɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɧɚ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɤɨɜɪɢɤɢ.
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