Lincoln MKX (2018 year). Manual - part 13

Failure to maintain your vehicle properly may
void the warranty, increase your repair cost,
reduce vehicle performance and operational
capabilities and adversely affect driver and
passenger safety. Frequent inspection of
vehicle chassis components is recommended
if the vehicle is subjected to off-highway
usage.

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All-Wheel Drive

 (If Equipped)

GENERAL INFORMATION

Note:  Occasional brake noise is normal.  If
a metal-to-metal, continuous grinding or
continuous squeal sound is present, the
brake linings may be worn-out and an
authorized dealer should check them.  If the
vehicle has continuous vibration or shudder
in the steering wheel while braking, an
authorized dealer should check your vehicle.

Note: Brake dust may accumulate on the
wheels, even under normal driving
conditions. Some dust is inevitable as the
brakes wear and does not contribute to
brake noise.  See Cleaning the Wheels
(page 339).

E138644

See Warning Lamps and
Indicators (page 113).

Wet brakes result in reduced braking
efficiency.  Gently press the brake pedal a
few times when driving from a car wash or
standing water to dry the brakes.

Brake Over Accelerator

In the event the accelerator pedal becomes
stuck or entrapped, apply steady and firm
pressure to the brake pedal to slow the
vehicle and reduce engine power.  If you
experience this condition, apply the brakes
and bring your vehicle to a safe stop.  Switch
the engine off, move the transmission to park
(P) and apply the parking brake. Inspect the
accelerator pedal and the area around it for
any items or debris that may be obstructing
its movement.If none are found and the
condition persists, have your vehicle towed
to the nearest authorized dealer.

Emergency Brake Assist

Emergency brake assist detects when you
brake heavily by measuring the rate at which
you press the brake pedal.  It provides
maximum braking efficiency as long as you
press the pedal.  Emergency brake assist
can reduce stopping distances in critical
situations.

Anti-lock Brake System

This system helps you maintain steering
control during emergency stops by keeping
the brakes from locking.

This lamp momentarily illuminates
when you switch the ignition on. If
the light does not illuminate during

start up, remains on or flashes, the anti-lock
braking system may be disabled. Have the
system checked by an authorized dealer. If
the anti-lock brake system is disabled,
normal braking is still effective.

E138644

If the brake warning lamp
illuminates with the parking brake
released, have your brake system

serviced immediately.

It also illuminates momentarily when you
switch the ignition on to confirm the lamp is
functional. If it does not illuminate when you
switch the ignition on, or begins to flash at
any time, have the system checked by an
authorized dealer.

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Brakes

HINTS ON DRIVING WITH ANTI-
LOCK BRAKES

The anti-lock braking system does not
eliminate the risks when:
•

You drive too closely to the vehicle in
front of you.

•

Your vehicle is hydroplaning.

•

You take corners too fast.

•

The road surface is poor.

Note:  If the system activates, the brake
pedal may pulse and may travel further. 
Maintain pressure on the brake pedal.  You
may also hear a noise from the system.  This
is normal.

ELECTRIC PARKING BRAKE

The electric parking brake replaces the
conventional handbrake. The operating
switch is on the instrument panel.

WARNING

Always fully apply the parking brake
and make sure you shift into park (P).

Failure to follow this instruction could result
in personal injury or death.

Note: When you apply the electric parking
brake in certain conditions, for example, on
a steep hill, the electric parking brake may
reapply the brakes within three to ten
minutes.

Note: You may notice various noises when
you apply and release the electric parking
brake. This is normal and no cause for
concern.

Note: After a determined period of time, the
parking brake automatically recalibrates.
This process is short and only performed
when you switch the vehicle off.

Applying the Electric Parking Brake

WARNING

The brake system warning lamp will
flash when applying the electric

parking brake. If the brake system warning
lamp continues to flash there could be a
problem with your electric parking brake.
Have your vehicle checked as soon as
possible.

Note: The brake system warning lamp
illuminates for ten seconds if you switch the
ignition off after you apply the electric
parking brake, or you apply the electric
parking brake after you switch the ignition
off.

Note: The electric parking brake will not
automatically apply when you park the
vehicle. You must apply the electric parking
brake using the electric parking brake
switch.

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Brakes

E169085

Pull the switch up to apply the electric
parking brake.

The brake system warning lamp flashes for
about two seconds then stays illuminated to
confirm that you have applied the electric
parking brake.  See Information Displays
(page 118).

Apply the electric parking brake when the
vehicle is moving

WARNINGS

Applying the electric parking brake
while moving will result in the

engagement of the anti-lock braking system.
Do not use the electric parking brake system
when the vehicle is moving unless the normal
brake system is unable to stop the vehicle.

With the exception of emergency
conditions (for example, the brake

pedal is broken or is blocked), do not apply
the electric parking brake while the vehicle
is moving. On bends, or poor road surfaces
or weather conditions, emergency braking
can cause the vehicle to skid out of control
or off the road.

If you apply the electric parking brake when
your vehicle is moving, the brake system
warning lamp illuminates and a warning
chime sounds.  See Information Displays
(page 118).

If your vehicle speed is above 4 mph
(6 km/h), the braking force is applied as long
as you pull the switch. Releasing or pressing
the switch or pressing the accelerator pedal
will stop the braking force.

Releasing the Electric Parking Brake

E169086

You can release the electric parking brake
either manually by pressing the switch or
automatically.

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Brakes

Manual release

WARNING

If the brake system warning light
remains illuminated or flashes for more

than four seconds after you have released
the parking brake, there could be a problem
with your braking system. Have your vehicle
checked as soon as possible.

You can manually release the electric parking
brake by:

1. Switching the ignition on.

2. Pressing the brake pedal.

3. Pressing the electric parking brake

switch.

When the electric parking brake is released,
the brake system warning lamp turns off.

Automatic release - drive away release

Your vehicle automatically releases the
parking brake if all of the following conditions
exist:
•

The driver door is closed.

•

The accelerator pedal is pressed.

•

There are no faults detected in the
parking brake system.

Note: If the electric parking brake warning
lamp stays illuminated, the electric parking
brake will not automatically release. You
must release the electric parking brake using
the electric parking brake switch while your
foot is on the brake and the ignition is on.

The brake system warning lamp will go off
to confirm that you have released the electric
parking brake.

Note: The electric parking brake drive away
release makes starting on a hill easier. This
feature releases the parking brake
automatically when the vehicle has sufficient
torque force to move up the hill. To assure
drive away release when starting uphill,
press the accelerator pedal quickly.

Driving with a Trailer

Depending on the slope and the weight of
the trailer, your vehicle and trailer may roll
backwards slightly when you start on a slope.

To prevent this from happening, do the
following:

1. Pull the switch up and hold it in this

position.

2. Accelerate your vehicle, then release the

switch when you notice that the engine
has developed sufficient driving force.

Battery With No Charge

WARNING

You will not be able to apply or release
the electric parking brake if the battery

is low or has no charge.

If the battery is low or has no charge, use
jumper cables and a booster battery.

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Brakes

HILL START ASSIST

WARNINGS

The system does not replace the
parking brake. When you leave your

vehicle, always apply the parking brake.

You must remain in your vehicle when
the system turns on. At all times, you

are responsible for controlling your vehicle,
supervising the system and intervening, if
required. Failure to take care may result in
the loss of control of your vehicle, serious
personal injury or death.

The system will turn off if a malfunction
is apparent or if you rev the engine

excessively. Failure to take care may result
in the loss of control of your vehicle, serious
personal injury or death.

The system makes it easier to pull away
when your vehicle is on a slope without the
need to use the parking brake.

When the system is active, your vehicle
remains stationary on the slope for two to
three seconds after you release the brake
pedal. This allows time to move your foot
from the brake to the accelerator pedal. The
system releases the brakes automatically
once the engine has developed sufficient
torque to prevent your vehicle from rolling
down the slope. This is an advantage when
pulling away on a slope, for example from a
car park ramp, traffic lights or when reversing
uphill into a parking space.

The system activates on any slope that
causes your vehicle to roll.

Note: There is no warning light to indicate
the system is either on or off.

Using Hill Start Assist

1. Press the brake pedal to bring your

vehicle to a complete standstill.Keep the
brake pedal pressed and shift into first
gear when facing uphill or reverse (R)
when facing downhill.

2. If the sensors detect that your vehicle is

on a slope, the system activates
automatically.

3. When you remove your foot from the

brake pedal, your vehicle remains on the
slope without rolling away for about two
to three seconds. This hold time
automatically extends if you are in the
process of driving off.

4. Drive off in the normal manner. The

system releases the brakes automatically.

Note: When you remove your foot from the
brake pedal and press the pedal again when
the system is active, you will experience
significantly reduced brake pedal travel. This
is normal.

Switching the System On and Off

Vehicles with Manual Transmission

You can switch this feature on or off in the
information display.  The system remembers
the last setting when you start your vehicle.

Vehicles with Automatic Transmission

You cannot turn the system on or off.  When
you switch the ignition on, the system
automatically turns on.

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Brakes

AUTO HOLD

WARNINGS

The system does not replace the
parking brake. When you leave your

vehicle, always apply the parking brake.

You must remain in your vehicle when
the system turns on. At all times, you

are responsible for controlling your vehicle,
supervising the system and intervening, if
required. Failure to take care may result in
the loss of control of your vehicle, serious
personal injury or death.

The system will turn off if a malfunction
is apparent. Failure to take care may

result in the loss of control of your vehicle,
serious personal injury or death.

Auto Hold uses your vehicle's brakes to hold
your vehicle at a stop once your vehicle has
reached a standstill condition. For example,
Auto Hold can assist you while stopping at
traffic lights or while in traffic jams by holding
the brake pressure for you once you bring
your vehicle to a stop.

Switch Auto Hold off during vehicle or trailer
towing.

Note: In case of a malfunction in the system
while Auto Hold actively holds the vehicle
(for example, low power supply), a message
appears in the information display asking
you to press the brake pedal. If you see this
message, press the brake pedal
immediately.

Note: Auto Hold only activates if the system
recognizes it is applying enough brake
pressure. On a steep hill or incline, you may
need to make sure the brake pedal is
pressed sufficiently to activate the Auto Hold
system.

Note: In some cases, Auto Hold might hand
over to the parking brake. When the parking
brake automatically applies, the red brake
lamp appears. This is normal. When you
press the accelerator pedal, the drive away
release feature automatically releases the
parking brake.

Note: Auto Hold works on all road grades.

E227185

Press the Auto Hold button to switch the
system on and off. The Auto Hold indicator
light illuminates in the Auto Hold button
when the system is on.

Note: You can only switch Auto Hold on if
you close the door and fasten your seatbelt.

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Brakes

Note: Auto Hold is last remembered after
ignition. Auto Hold also suppresses while in
Reverse (R).

When Auto Hold is off, your vehicle behaves
the same as a vehicle without Auto Hold.

There is an Auto Hold indicator lamp in the
instrument cluster that has two modes, active
and unavailable:

E197933

The Auto Hold (ACTIVE) indicator
light illuminates in the information
display when the system holds

your vehicle stationary. When in active mode,
press the brake pedal and the Auto Hold
button to switch Auto Hold off.

E197934

The Auto Hold (UNAVAILABLE)
indicator light illuminates in the
information display when the

system is on but unavailable to hold your
vehicle (for example, during Active Park
Assist, Stay in Neutral Mode, or when you
do not fasten your seatbelt or close the
door).

Note: Make sure you switch off Auto Hold
or use the Stay in Neutral mode before you
enter a car wash.  See Automatic
Transmission (page 189).

Using Auto Hold

1. Bring your vehicle to a stop by pressing

the brake pedal. After coming to a stop,
the green Auto Hold (ACTIVE) indicator
lamp illuminates in the information
display.

2. Release the brake pedal. The Auto Hold

(ACTIVE) indicator light remains
illuminated in the information display and
Auto Hold will hold your vehicle at a stop.

3. When you press the accelerator pedal,

Auto Hold releases the brakes and you
will be able to drive off. Once you drive
off, the green Auto Hold (ACTIVE)
indicator no longer illuminates in the
information display.

Note: The Stop/Start system (if equipped)
may stop the engine when you press the
brake pedal. If this occurs, it will restart once
you press the accelerator pedal. Auto Hold
still holds your vehicle at a standstill with the
engine off.

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Brakes

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

The traction control system helps avoid drive
wheel spin and loss of traction.

If your vehicle begins to slide, the system
applies the brakes to individual wheels and,
when needed, reduces engine power at the
same time. If the wheels spin when
accelerating on slippery or loose surfaces,
the system reduces engine power in order
to increase traction.

USING TRACTION CONTROL

WARNING

The stability and traction control light
illuminates steadily if the system

detects a failure. Make sure you did not
manually disable the traction control system
using the information display controls or the
switch. If the stability control and traction
control light is still illuminating steadily, have
the system serviced by an authorized dealer
immediately. Operating your vehicle with the
traction control disabled could lead to an
increased risk of loss of vehicle control,
vehicle rollover, personal injury and death.

The system automatically turns on each time
you switch the ignition on.

If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow,
switching traction control off may be
beneficial as this allows the wheels to spin.

Note: When you switch traction control off,
stability control remains fully active.

Switching the System Off

When you switch the system off or on, a
message appears in the information display
showing system status.

You can switch the system off by either using
the information display controls or the switch.

Using the Information Display Controls

You can switch this feature off or on in the
information display. See General Information
(page 118).

Using a Switch

 (If Equipped)

Use the traction control switch on the
instrument panel to switch the system off or
on.

System Indicator Lights and Messages

E138639

The stability and traction control
light:

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Traction Control

•

Temporarily illuminates on engine
start-up.

•

Flashes when a driving condition
activates either of the systems.

•

Illuminates if a problem occurs in either
of the systems.

E130458

The stability and traction control
off light temporarily illuminates on
engine start-up and stays on when

you switch the traction control system off.

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Traction Control

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

WARNINGS

Vehicle modifications involving braking
system, aftermarket roof racks,

suspension, steering system, tire
construction and wheel and tire size may
change the handling characteristics of your
vehicle and may adversely affect the
performance of the electronic stability control
system. In addition, installing any stereo
loudspeakers may interfere with and
adversely affect the electronic stability
control system. Install any aftermarket stereo
loudspeaker as far as possible from the front
center console, the tunnel, and the front
seats in order to minimize the risk of
interfering with the electronic stability control
sensors. Reducing the effectiveness of the
electronic stability control system could lead
to an increased risk of loss of vehicle control,
vehicle rollover, personal injury and death.

WARNINGS

Remember that even advanced
technology cannot defy the laws of

physics. It’s always possible to lose control
of a vehicle due to inappropriate driver input
for the conditions. Aggressive driving on any
road condition can cause you to lose control
of your vehicle increasing the risk of personal
injury or property damage. Activation of the
electronic stability control system is an
indication that at least some of the tires have
exceeded their ability to grip the road; this
could reduce the operator’s ability to control
the vehicle potentially resulting in a loss of
vehicle control, vehicle rollover, personal
injury and death. If your electronic stability
control system activates, SLOW DOWN.

The system automatically turns on each time
you switch the ignition on.

If a fault occurs in either the stability control
or the traction control system, you may
experience the following conditions:

•

The stability and traction control light
illuminates steadily.

•

The stability control and traction control
systems do not enhance your vehicle's
ability to maintain traction of the wheels.

If a driving condition activates either the
stability control or the traction control system
you may experience the following conditions:

•

The stability and traction control light
flashes.

•

Your vehicle slows down.

•

Reduced engine power.

•

A vibration in the brake pedal.

•

The brake pedal is stiffer than usual.

•

If the driving condition is severe and your
foot is not on the brake, the brake pedal
may move as the system applies higher
brake force.

The stability control system has several
features built into it to help you maintain
control of your vehicle:

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Stability Control

Electronic Stability Control

The system enhances your vehicle’s ability
to prevent skids or lateral slides by applying
brakes to one or more of the wheels
individually and, if necessary, reducing
engine power.

Roll Stability Control

The system enhances your vehicle’s ability
to prevent rollovers by detecting your
vehicle’s roll motion and the rate at which it
changes by applying the brakes to one or
more wheels individually.

Traction Control

The system enhances your vehicle’s ability
to maintain traction of the wheels by
detecting and controlling wheel spin. See
Using Traction Control (page 207).

E72903

A

A

A

B

B

B

B

Vehicle without stability control
skidding off its intended route.

A

Vehicle with stability control
maintaining control on a slippery
surface.

B

USING STABILITY CONTROL

The system automatically turns on each time
you switch the ignition on.

You cannot switch the stability control and
roll stability control systems off, but when
you shift into reverse (R), the systems
deactivate.

You can switch the traction control system
off or on.  See Using Traction Control (page
207).

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Stability Control

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION

WARNINGS

To help avoid personal injury, always
use caution when in reverse (R) and

when using the sensing system.

The system may not detect objects
with surfaces that absorb reflection.

Always drive with due care and attention.
Failure to take care may result in a crash.

Traffic control systems, inclement
weather, air brakes, external motors

and fans may affect the correct operation of
the sensing system.This may cause reduced
performance or false alerts.

The system may not detect small or
moving objects, particularly those close

to the ground.

Note: If your vehicle is equipped with
MyKey™, the sensing system cannot be
turned off when a MyKey™ is present. See
Principle of Operation (page 65).

Note: Keep the sensors, located on the
bumper or fascia, free from snow, ice and
large accumulations of dirt. If the sensors
are covered, the system’s accuracy can be
affected. Do not clean the sensors with sharp
objects.

Note: If your vehicle sustains damage to the
bumper or fascia, leaving it misaligned or
bent, the sensing zone may be altered
causing inaccurate measurement of
obstacles or false alerts.

Note: Certain add-on devices installed
around the bumper or fascia may create
false alerts. For example, large trailer
hitches, bike or surfboard racks, license plate
brackets, bumper covers or any other device
that may block the normal detection zone
of the system. Remove the add-on device to
prevent false alerts.

Note: When a trailer is connected to your
vehicle, the rear parking aid may detect the
trailer and therefore provide an alert. Disable
the rear parking aid when a trailer is
connected to prevent the alert.

The sensing system warns the driver of
obstacles within a certain range of your
vehicle. The system turns on automatically
whenever you switch the ignition on.

The system can be switched off through the
information display menu or from the pop-up
message that appears once you shift the
transmission into reverse (R).  See General
Information (page 118).

If a fault is present in the system, a warning
message appears in the information display.
See Information Messages (page 125).

REAR PARKING AID

The rear sensors are only active when the
transmission is in reverse (R). As your vehicle
moves closer to the obstacle, the rate of the
audible warning increases. When the
obstacle is less than 12 in (30 cm) away, the
warning sounds continuously. If the system
detects a stationary or receding object
farther than 12 in (30 cm) from the corners of
the bumper, the tone sounds for only three
seconds. Once the system detects an object
approaching, the warning sounds again.

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Parking Aids

E130178

Coverage area of up to 6 ft (1.8 m) from the
rear bumper. There may be decreased
coverage area at the outer corners of the
bumper.

The system detects certain objects while the
transmission is in reverse (R) :
•

Your vehicle is moving toward a
stationary object at a speed of 3 mph
(5 km/h) or less.

•

Your vehicle is not moving, but a moving
object is approaching the rear of your
vehicle at a speed of 3 mph (5 km/h) or
less.

•

Your vehicle is moving at a speed of less
than 3 mph (5 km/h) and a moving object
is approaching the rear of your vehicle
at a speed of less than 3 mph (5 km/h).

The system provides audio warnings only
when your vehicle is moving or when your
vehicle is stationary and the detected
obstacle is less than 12 in (30 cm) away from
the bumper.

Obstacle Distance Indicator

 (If Equipped)

The system provides obstacle distance
indication through the information display.
The distance indicator displays when the
transmission is in reverse (R).

The indicator displays:
•

As the distance to the obstacle
decreases the indicator blocks illuminate
and move towards the vehicle icon.

•

If there is no obstacle detected, the
distance indicator blocks are grayed out.

FRONT PARKING AID

 (If Equipped)

The front sensors are active when the
transmission is in any position other than
park (P) and your vehicle is traveling at low
speed.

E187330

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Parking Aids

Coverage area of up to 28 in (70 cm) from
the front bumper. The coverage area
decreases at the outer corners.

When your vehicle approaches an object, a
warning tone sounds. When your vehicle
moves closer to an object, the warning tone
repeat rate increases. The warning tone
sounds continuously when an object is 12 in
(30 cm) or less from the front bumper.

You can switch the system off through the
information display menu or from the pop-up
message that appears once you shift the
transmission into reverse (R).  See General
Information (page 118).  If your vehicle has a
parking aid button, you can switch the
system off by pressing the button.

Obstacle Distance Indicator

 (If Equipped)

The system provides obstacle distance
indication through the information display.

The indicator displays:
•

As the distance to the obstacle
decreases the indicator blocks illuminate
and move towards the vehicle icon.

•

If there is no obstacle detected, the
distance indicator blocks are grayed out.

If the transmission is in reverse (R), the front
sensing system provides audio warnings
when your vehicle is moving and the
detected obstacle is moving towards your
vehicle. Once the vehicle is stationary, the
audio warning will be stopped after 2
seconds. Visual indication is always present
in reverse (R).

If the transmission is in drive (D) or any other
forward gear (for example, low (L), sport (S)
or any forward gear in a manual
transmission), the front sensing system
provides audio and visual warnings when
your vehicle is moving below a speed of
5 mph (8 km/h) and an obstacle is located

inside the detection area. Once the vehicle
is stationary, the audio warning will be
stopped after 2 seconds and the visual
indication stops after 4 seconds. If the
obstacles detected are within 12 in (30 cm),
the visual indication remains on.

If the transmission is in neutral (N), the
system provides visual indication only when
your vehicle is moving at 5 mph (8 km/h) or
below and an obstacle is located inside the
detection area. Once your vehicle is
stationary, the visual indication will stop after
4 seconds.

SIDE SENSING SYSTEM

 (If Equipped)

The side sensing system uses the front and
rear side sensors to detect and map
obstacles within the vehicle's driving path,
located near the sides of your vehicle. The
side sensors are active when the
transmission is in any position other than
park (P).

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Parking Aids

Note: Obstacles that enter the side detection
area without being detected and mapped
by the front or rear side sensors will not be
detected.

E187810

Coverage area is up to 24 in (60 cm) from
the sides of your vehicle.

When the system detects an object close to
the side of your vehicle, an audible warning
sounds. As your vehicle moves closer to
obstacles within the driving path of your
vehicle, the rate of the audible warning
increases.

Obstacle Distance Indicator

 (If Equipped)

E190459

The system provides obstacle distance
indication through the information display.

As the distance to the obstacle decreases,
the indicator blocks illuminate and move
toward the vehicle icon. If there is no
obstacle detected, the distance indicator
blocks show greyed out.

When you shift to reverse (R), the side
sensing system provides audible warnings
when your vehicle is moving and obstacles
are detected within 24 in (60 cm) and are
inside the driving path of your vehicle. When
you stop your vehicle the audible warning
stops after two seconds.

Note: Visual distance indication remains on
when the transmission is in reverse (R).

When you shift to drive (D) or any other
forward gear, for example, low (L), sport (S)
or any forward gear in manual transmission,
the side sensing system provides audible
and visual distance warnings when your
vehicle is moving below a speed of 5 mph
(8 km/h) and obstacles are detected within
24 in (60 cm) and are inside the driving path
of your vehicle. Once your vehicle reaches
a standstill condition, the audible warning
stops after two seconds and visual indication
stops after four seconds.

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Parking Aids