Ãëàâíàÿ      Ëåêöèè     Ëåêöèè (ðàçíûå) - ÷àñòü 9

 

ïîèñê ïî ñàéòó            

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ñîäåðæàíèå   ..  353  354  355   ..

 

 

Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïî ïðàêòè÷åñêîé ãðàììàòèêå àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà äëÿ ñòóäåíòîâ Iêóðñà íåÿçûêîâûõ âóçîâ

Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïî ïðàêòè÷åñêîé ãðàììàòèêå àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà äëÿ ñòóäåíòîâ Iêóðñà íåÿçûêîâûõ âóçîâ

ÍÎÓ ÂÏÎ ÔÈËÈÀË

«ÑÀÍÊÒ-ÏÅÒÅÐÁÓÐÃÑÊÎÃÎ ÈÍÑÒÈÒÓÒÀ ÂÍÅØÍÅÝÊÎÍÎÌÈ×ÅÑÊÈÕ ÑÂßÇÅÉ, ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈÊÈ È ÏÐÀÂÀ»

â ã. Êèðîâå

N O U N

Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïî ïðàêòè÷åñêîé ãðàììàòèêå àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà

äëÿ ñòóäåíòîâ I êóðñà íåÿçûêîâûõ âóçîâ

Êèðîâ 2007

Ïå÷àòàåòñÿ ïî ðåøåíèþ êàôåäðû îáùå-ãóìàíèòàðíûõ è åñòåñòâåííîíàó÷íûõ äèñöèïëèí ÍÎÓ ÂÏÎ ôèëèàë «Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðãñêîãî èíñòèòóòà âíåøíå-ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ ñâÿçåé, ýêîíîìèêè è ïðàâà» â ã. Êèðîâå.

Ñîñòàâèòåëè:

Ïîçäååâà Å.Ê ., êàíä. ïåä. íàóê, äîöåíò êàôåäðû àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà ¹ 2 èíñòèòóòà (ôèëèàëà) ÌÃÞÀ â ã. Êèðîâå,

Îñòðîâñêèé È. ., ê.ô.í., ñò. ïðåïîäàâàòåëü êàôåäðû îáùå-ãóìàíèòàðíûõ è åñòåñòâåííîíàó÷íûõ äèñöèïëèí ÍÎÓ ÂÏÎ ôèëèàë «Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðãñêîãî èíñòèòóòà âíåøíåýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ ñâÿçåé, ýêîíîìèêè è ïðàâà» â ã. Êèðîâå

Ðåöåíçåíò – Ùåðáàêîâà Ò.Â., êàíä. ôèëîë. íàóê, äîöåíò êàôåäðû ðîìàíî-ãåðìàíñêîé ôèëîëîãèè Âÿòñêîãî ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî ãóìàíèòàðíîãî óíèâåðñèòåòà

Noun: Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïî ïðàêòè÷åñêîé ãðàììàòèêå àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà äëÿ ñòóäåíòîâ I êóðñà íåÿçûêîâûõ âóçîâ / Ñîñò. Å.Ê. Ïîçäååâà, È.Â.Îñòðîâñêèé. – Êèðîâ, 2007. - 23 ñ.

Äàííûå ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïðåäíàçíà÷åíû äëÿ ñòóäåíòîâ 1 êóðñà íåÿçûêîâîãî âóçà.

Öåëü ïîñîáèÿ - ïîâòîðèòü è ñèñòåìàòèçèðîâàòü çíàíèÿ ïî òåìå “Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíîå”, à òàêæå ðàçâèòü íàâûêè óïîòðåáëåíèÿ äàííûõ ãðàììàòè÷åñêèõ ôîðì.

Âåñü ìàòåðèàë èçëàãàåòñÿ â 3 ðàçäåëàõ, ñîïðîâîæäàåìûõ òåñòîâûìè çàäàíèÿìè, öåëü êîòîðûõ - òðåíèðîâêà èçó÷àåìîãî ãðàììàòè÷åñêîãî ÿâëåíèÿ è êîíòðîëü ñôîðìèðîâàííîñòè íàâûêîâ óïîòðåáëåíèÿ.

Ëó÷øåìó óñâîåíèþ ìàòåðèàëà ñïîñîáñòâóþò òàáëèöû, ñèñòåìàòèçèðóþùèå ïðåäñòàâëåííûé ìàòåðèàë

I. T H E N U M B E R

×ÈÑËÎ

Most of the English nouns have two numbers: the singular and the plural.

Áîëüøèíñòâî àíãëèéñêèõ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå èìååò äâà ÷èñëà: åäèíñòâåííîå è ìíîæåñòâåííîå.

T H E P L U A R A L

ÌÍÎÆÅÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÅ ×ÈÑËÎ

1. Spelling rules.

Ïðàâîïèñàíèå .

Read the following words and remember how the plural is formed.

Ïðî÷èòàéòå ñëåäóþùèå ñëîâà è âñïîìíèòå, êàê îáðàçóåòñÿ

ìíîæåñòâåííîå ÷èñëî ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûõ.

a.

a girl - girls

a friend - friends

a flower - flowers

b.

a bus - buses

a bush - bushes

a box - boxes

a match - matches

c.

a lad y - ladies

a pon y - ponies

a lily - lilies

but:

a da y - days

a ke y - keys

a pla y - plays

d.

tomat o - tomatoes

potat o - potatoes

her o - heroes

but:

radi o – radios

Zo o – Zoos

tatto o – tattoos

but:

photo - photos

piano - pianos

zero - zeros

e.

life - lives

thief - thieves

wife - wives

but:

chief - chiefs

belief - beliefs

roof - roofs

safe - safes

2. Remember the nouns!

Çàïîìíèòå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå !

a man

a woman

a child

a foot

a tooth

a goose

a mouse

an ox

men

women

children

feet

teeth

geese

mice

oxen

3. Identical forms for the plural and for the singular.

Îäèíàêîâûå ôîðìû åäèíñòâåííîãî è ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà.

a sheep

a deer

a swine

a fish

a trout

a salmon

a species

a series

a craft

a means

a dozen

a hundred

a thousand

a million

per cent

sheep

deer

swine

fish

trout

salmon

species

series

craft

means

dozen

hundred

thousand

million

per cent

îâöà

îëåíü

ñâèíüÿ

ðûáà

ôîðåëü

ëîñîñü

ðàçíîâèäíîñòü

ñåðèÿ

ñóäíî

ñðåäñòâî

äþæèíà

ñîòíÿ

òûñÿ÷à

ìèëëèîí

ïðîöåíò

But:

hundreds of people

thousands of quesions

millions of stars

4. Latin and Greek suffixes.

Ëàòèíñêèå è ãðå÷åñêèå ñóôôèêñû.

-a

-ae

formula

formulae

-um

-a

datum

memorandum

data

memoranda

-ix/-ex

-ex/ices

appendix

index

appendices /appendixes

indices /indexes

-is

-es

crisis

basis

analysis

thesis

hypothesis

crises

bases

analyses

theses

hypotheses

-on

-a

phenomenon

criterion

phenomena

criteria

-us

-i

stimulus

nucleus

stimuli

nuclei

5. The plural of compound nouns.

Ìíîæåñòâåííîå ÷èñëî ó ñîñòàâíûõ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûõ .

a.

In compounds we put the head noun in the plural.

 ñîñòàâíûõ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûõ â ôîðìó ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà ñòàâèòñÿ êëþ÷åâîå ñëîâî .

a lady-bird - lady-birds

a story-teller - story-tellers

a house-wife - house-wives

a postman - postmen

a Frenchwoman - Frenchwomen

editor- in-chief - editors-in-chief

brother-in-law - brothers-in-law

looker-on - lookers-on

b.

But: if there is no noun-stem, we add ‘-s’ to the end of the word.

Íî: åñëè íåò êëþ÷åâîãî ñëîâà, îêîí÷àíèå ‘-s’ äîáàâëÿåòñÿ ê ïîñëåäíåìó ñëîâó.

merry-go-round - merry-go-rounds

forget-me-not - forget-me-nots

c.

If a compound contains such words as ‘man’, ‘woman’ or ‘lord’ at the beginning we must put both stems into plural.

Åñëè ñîñòàâíîå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíîå ñîäåðæèò òàêèå ñëîâà êàê ‘man’, ‘woman’ èëè ‘lord’, òî îáå ÷àñòè ñòàâÿòñÿ â ôîðìó ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëî .

a man-servant - men-servants

a woman-doctor - women-doctors

a lord-justice - lords-justices

6. Nouns which are used only in the plural.

Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ òîëüêî âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì ÷èñëå.

trousers

jeans

spectacles

glasses

scissors

scales

tongs

áðþêè

äæèíñû

î÷êè

î÷êè

íîæíèöû

âåñû

ùèïöû

as in Russian

êàê è â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå

politics

contents

arms

customs

belongings

ïîëèòèêà

ñîäåðæàíèå

îðóæèå

òàìîæíÿ

èìóùåñòâî

in Russian only singular

â ðóññêîì òîëüêî åä . ÷ .

wages

clothes

savings

riches

goods

stairs

the Browns

the United States

potatoes

onions

carrrots

oats

çàðïëàòà

îäåæäà

ñáåðåæåíèå

áîãàòñòâî

òîâàð

ëåñòíèöà

ñåìüÿ Áðàóíîâ

Ñîåäèíåííûå Øòàòû

êàðòîôåëü

ëóê

ìîðêîâü

îâåñ

in Russian both singular and plural

â ðóññêîì è â åä.÷., è âî ìíîæ.÷.

But:

one pototo - îäíà êàðòîôåëèíà

one onion - îäíà ëóêîâèöà

one carrot - îäíà ìîðêîâêà

7. Nouns which are used only in the plural and their homonyms.

Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ òîëüêî âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì ÷èñëå, è èõ îìîíèìû (ñëîâà, ñõîäíûå ïî ïðîèçíîøåíèþ è íàïèñàíèþ, íî îòëè÷íûå ïî ñìûñëó).

customs - òàìîæíÿ

glasses - î÷êè

studies - ó÷åáà

pictures - êèíî

authorities - âëàñòè, íà÷àëüñòâî

manners - îáû÷àè, íðàâû

damages - óáûòêè

a custom(s) - îáû÷àé

a glass(es) - î÷êè

a study(ies) - êàáèíåò

a picture(s) - êàðòèíà

authority(ies) - ïîëíîìî÷èå, ïðàâî

a manner(s) - ìàíåðà

a damage(s) - ñëó÷àè âðåäà

8. Nouns which are only in the singular in English and in Russian.

Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå è â àíãëèéñêîì, è â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå èìåþò òîëüêî ôîðìó åäèíñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà.

mathematics

physics

phonetics

ìàòåìàòèêà

ôèçèêà

ôîíåòèêà

9. Nouns used in the singular in English but are the plural in Russian.

Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ òîëüêî â åäèíñòâåííîì ÷èñëå, à â ðóññêîì - òîëüêî âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì .

applause

chess

draughts

money

ink

cream

hair

sledge

intelligence

knowledge

information

àïëîäèñìåíòû

øàõìàòû

øàøêè

äåíüãè

÷åðíèëà

ñëèâêè

âîëîñû

ñàíêè

ñâåäåíèÿ

çíàíèÿ

ñâåäåíèÿ

9. Nouns used in the singular in English but can be both in the singular and in the plural in Russian.

Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ òîëüêî â åäèíñòâåííîì ÷èñëå, à â ðóññêîì - è â åäèíñòâåííîì, è âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì .

advice

evidence

fruit

research

news

progress

ñîâåò

äîêàçàòåëüñòâî, óëèêà

ôðóêò

èññëåäîâàíèå

íîâîñòü

óñïåõ

10. Nouns used in the singular and in the plural in English but only in the plural in Russian.

Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ è â åäèíñòâåííîì, è âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì ÷èñëå, à â ðóññêîì - òîëüêî âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì.

gate(s)

clock(s)

watch(es)

âîðîòà

÷àñû

÷àñû (íàðó÷íûå)

11. Nouns which are singular in form but plural in meaning.

Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, èìåþùèå ôîðìó åäèíñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà, íî ïî çíà÷åíèþ - ìíîæåñòâåííîå .

police

militia

people

clergy - äóõîâåíñòâî

Eg.:

The police are controlling the order at the meeting.

12. The nouns the singular form of which can be used as the singular and the plural.

Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, ôîðìà åäèíñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà ó êîòîðûõ ìîæåò èìåòü çíà÷åíèå è åäèíñòâåííîãî, è ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà.

family

team

gang

crew

group

committee

company

Eg.:

The family is large.

(The family is taken as a single unit. Ñåìüÿ ðàññìàòðèâàåòñÿ êàê åäèíîå öåëîå. )

The family are sitting at table.

(The members are taken separately . Ñåìüÿ ñîñòîèò èç îòäåëüíûõ ÷ëåíîâ. )

13. The nouns with two plural forms.

Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, èìåþùèå äâå ôîðìû ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà .

a penny - ïåíñ

pence - ïî îòíîøåíèþ ê êîëè÷åñòâó äåíåã (Eg.: two pence)

pennies - ïî îòíîøåíèþ ê ìîíåòàì (Eg.: Several pennies fell on the floor.)

T E S T S

ON NUMBER

1. Choose the correct plural form of the following nouns.

Âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíóþ ôîðìó ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà.

a

b

c

1

money

moneys

-

monies

2

a mouse

mouses

mice

mise

3

a watch

watches

watch

watchs

4

an address

-

addresses

address

5

a tomato

tomatoes

tomatos

tomates

6

a radio

radios

radioes

-

7

a story

storys

storeys

stories

8

a fly

flys

flyes

flies

9

a bus

busses

buses

bussess

10

a dish

dishes

dishs

dish

11

a belief

believes

beliefs

belief

12

a man-servant

man-servants

men-servant

men-servants

13

a penny

pennies

pennys

pence

14

a sledge

sledge

sledges

-

15

a sheep

-

sheep

sheeps

16

a mouth

mouths

mice

mouthes

17

a deer

deer

deers

-

18

a foot

foots

footes

feet

19

advice

advice

advices

-

20

a trout

trouts

-

trout

21

hair

hairs

hair

-

22

a commander-in-chief

commanders-in-chief

commander-in-chiefs

commanders-in-chiefs

23

vacation

vacations

-

vacation

24

a fisherman

fisherman

fishersman

fishermen

25

a boy-messenger

boys-messenger

boy-messengers

boys-messengers

26

a crisis

crisis

-

crises

27

a merry-go-round

merries-go-round

merries-go-rounds

merry-go-rounds

28

evidence

evidence

evidences

-

29

a month

monthes

months

month

30

a passer-by

passer-bys

passers-byes

passers-by

31

a looker-on

lookers-on

looker-ons

lookers-ons

32

a woman-doctor

women-doctor

woman-doctors

women-doctors

33

an index

indexs

indeces

indices

34

a dozen

dozen

dozens

-

35

a stimulus

stimuluses

stimulus

stimuli

36

fireman

firemen

firemans

firesmen

37

a lord-justice

lords-justices

lord-justices

lords-justice

38

scissors

scissorses

scissors

-

39

fish

fish

fishes

-

40

a ship

ships

ship

-

41

tongs

tongs

tonges

-

42

a valley

valleys

vallies

valleis

43

knowledge

knowledges

knowledge

-

44

toothbrush

teethbrush

toothbrushes

teethbrushes

45

jeans

jeans

-

jeanses

46

an umbrella

umbrellas

umbrellaes

umbrellae

47

a formula

formulas

formulaes

formulae

48

a clock

clocks

clock

-

49

a million

millions

million

-

50

news

news

-

newses

2. Choose the appropriate form of the word.

Âûáåðèòå ñîîòâåòñòâóþùóþ ôîðìó ñëîâà .

1. What ___ the news?

a) is; b) are

2. The contents ___ been changed.

a) has not; b) have not; c) doesn’t have

3. We’d like three ____ pencils.

a) dozen; b) dozens; c) dozen of

4. His hair ___ dark.

a) is; b) are

5. Money ___ not everything.

a) are; b) is

6. These shoes cost three ___ dollars.

a) hundreds; b) hundred

7. Mathematics ___ an exact science.

a) is; b) are

8. In summer we eat much ___.

a) fruit; b) fruits

9. The witness gave enough ____ at the trial.

a) evidence; b) evidences

10. We caught a few___

a) fishes; b) fish

11. Schoolchildren have four ____ every year.

a) vacation: b) vacations

12. Our team ___ the best.

a) is; b) are

13. Our team ___ playing well.

a) is; b) are

14. There are ___ people in the street.

a) hundred; b) hundreds; c) hundreds of

15. The United States ____ a long history.

a) have; b) has

16. Where ____ my glasses?

a) are; b) is

17. ____ very useful for your health.

a) Carrots are; b) Carrot is

18. _____ very cheap.

a) Potatoes are; b) Potato is

19. His _____ high.

a) wages are; b) wage is

20. The gate ___ open.

a) is; b) are

21. He gave me some useful ___.

a) advice; b) advices.

22. There ____ a lot of chalk on the table.

a) is; b) are

23. The ___ of this country ____ happy.

a) people ... is; b) people ... are; c) peoples ... are

24. The storm brought a lot of ____.

a) damages; b) damage

25. The trousers ___ new.

a) is; b) are

26. I feel that the jury ___ thought that you are innocent.

a) have; b) has

27. The government _____able to pursue the policy which had been promised before the elections.

a) was not; b) were not

28. The police ___ investigating the case now.

a) is; b) are

29. The crew of the plane ____ of four people.

a) consist; b) consists

30. The government usually ____ of the prime minister and several ministers.

a) consist; b) consists

31. The average American family ___ three children.

a) has; b) have

32. The family ____ gone to bed.

a) has; b) have

33. Her clothes ___ fashionable.

a) is; b) are

34. That species of spiders ___ commonly seen in North America.

a) is; b) are

35. I think her hair ____ dyed.

a) is; b) are

36. The phenomena ___ unusual.

a) is; b) are

37. The traffic ___ very heavy in this street.

a) is; b) are

38. When the traffic-lights ___ red, don’t cross the street.

a) is; b) are

39. The grapes ___ ripe.

a) is; b) are

40. Athletics ___ an important part of the Olympic games.

a) is; b) are

II. T H E C A S E

ÏÀÄÅÆ

English nouns denoting human beings have two cases: the common case and the Genitive case.

Àíãëèéñêèå îäóøåâëåííûå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå èìåþò äâà ïàäåæà: îáùèé è ïðèòÿæàòåëüíûé .

T H E G E N E T I V E

ÏÐÈÒßÆÀÒÅËÜÍÛÉ ÏÀÄÅÆ

1. Read the following examples and remember how the Genitive is formed.

Ïðî÷èòàéòå ñëåäóþùèå ïðèìåðû è âñïîìíèòå, êàê îáðàçóåòñÿ ïðèòÿæàòåëüíûé ïàäåæ .

a.

a boy’s tie

Mary’s book

hotel-keeper’s armchair

house-wife’s coat

b.

an actress’s career

a waitress’ job

c.

children’s toys

men’s hats

sheep’s wool

d.

girls’ dresses

students’ parties

but:

mothers-in-law’s words

editors-in-chief’s studies

e.

Charles’s jeans

Doris’s car

St. James’s Park

but:

the Browns’ house

f.

John and Jack’s room

2. To show the possession with things we can use ‘of’.

×òîáû ïîêàçàòü ïðèíàäëåæíîñòü íåîäóøåâëåííîìó ïðåäìåòó, èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ïðåäëîã ‘of’.

the leg of the table

the top of the box

3. Fixed phrases.

Óñòîé÷èâûå âûðàæåíèÿ .

the earth’s surface - ïîâåðõíîñòü çåìëè

journey’s end -îêîí÷àíèå ïóòåøåñòâèÿ

for Heaven’s sake / for God’s sake - ðàäè áîãà

at one’s wit’s end - â òóïèêå

at a stone’s throw - ðóêîé ïîäàòü

a hair’s breadth - íà âîëîñêå

4. Time phrases.

Ôðàçû , îáîçíà÷àþùèå ïåðèîä âðåìåíè .

an hour’s journey two hours’ journey

a day’s work two days’ work

a month’s salary two months’ salary

5. With nouns expressing space and weight , with the names of countries, cities, ships and with the nouns ‘world, country, city, ship’.

Ñ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûìè, îáîçíà÷àþùèìè ïðîñòðàíñòâî è âðåìÿ , ñ íàçâàíèÿìè ñòðàí, ãîðîäîâ, êîðàáëåé , à òàêæå ñ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûìè ‘world, country, city, ship’.

the river’s mouth

Moscow’s museums

world’s theatres

our country’s industry

the ship’s crew

6. With organizations.

Ñ íàçâàíèÿìè îðãàíèçàöèé.

the government decision

the company’s success

T E S T S

ON CASE

1. Choose the correct word-combination.

Âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíîå ñëîâîñî÷åòàíèå.

a

b

c

1

your parents’ house

your parents’s house

your parents house

2

a kitchen table

a kitchen’s table

a table of a kitchen

3

Liz’s bag

the bag of Liz

Liz’ bag

4

the Bonds’ car

the Bonds’s car

the car of the Bonds

5

a bird’s nest

a nest of a bird

a birds’ nest

6

transport of Kirov

Kirov transport

Kirov’s transport

7

Charles’ address

Charles’s address

address of Charles

8

a dining-room’s table

a table of a dining-room

a dining-room table

9

Museum of Pushkin

Pushkin’s Museum

The Pushkin Museum

10

a journey of a year

a year’s journey

a year journey

11

resources of the earth

the earth’s resources

the earth resources

12

Bob and Ann’s car

Bob’s and Ann’s car

the car of Bob and Ann

13

the rays of the sun

the sun rays

the sun’s rays

14

Dickens’ novels

Dickens’s novels

the novels of Dickens

15

the portarait of the King

King’s portrait

the King portrait

16

the house of my sister-in-law

my sister-in-law’s house

my sister’s-in-law house

17

todays newspapers

today’s newspapers

newspapers of today

18

the town’s walls

the town walls

the walls of the town

18

tennis shoes

tennis’s shoes

shoes of tennis

20

our brothers-in-law’s car

our brothers’-in-law cars

the car of our brothers-in-law

21

the book’s cover

the book cover

the cover of the book

22

a street’s lamp

a street lamp

a lamp of the street

23

the men hats

the men’s hats

the hats of the men

24

the ship crew

the crew of the ship

the ship’s crew

25

children’s toys

children’ toys

childrens’ toys

2. Choose the correct variant.

Âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíûé âàðèàíò.

1. The only thing she wanted was to see ____.

a) her parents’ house; b) her parents’s house; c) the house of her parents

2. No one could explain _____ at ______.

a) the girl behaviour; b) the girl’s behaviour; c) the behaviour of the girl

a) yesterday’s supper; b) yesterday’ supper; c) yesterday supper

3. ____ was disappointing. Our team lost.

a) Last Sundays’ match; b) Last Sunday match; c) Last Sunday’s match

4. The boy was looking through the ____.

a) children’s books; b) children books; c) books of children

5. After ____ we resumed our work.

a) an hour’s break; b) an hour break; c) an hour’ break

6. At that time he lives in _____.

a) his father-in-law’s flat; b) his father’s-in-law flat; c) his father-in-law’ flat

7. I don’t like ____.

a) cows’ milk; b) cows milk; c) the milk of the cows

8. He was puzzled by ____.

a) Ann and Peter’s visit; b) Ann’s and Peter’s visit

9. When Friday came he was ____.

a) at his wit’s ends; b) at his wit ends; c) at his wit’ end

10. This is _____.

a) John’s coat; b) the coat of John; c) John coat

T E S TS

ON NUMBER AND CASE

I.

1. His advice ___ always reasonable. I advise you to follow ____.

a) are, them c) is, it

b) are, it d) is, them

2. The applause _____ deafening. I can’t stand ___ any longer. Let’s go out.

a) are, them c) is, them

b) is, it d) are, it

3. The second witness’s evidence _____ more convincing. ____ made me believe that the suspect is innocent.

a) are, it c) are, they

b) is, it d) is, they

4. Look, her clothes ___ brand new. Where did she get the money to buy ____?

a) is, it c) are, them

b) are, it d) is, them

5. The Browns who lived in _____ house ____ having dinner with the Harrisons who ____ their best friends.

a) a three-storey, were, were

b) three storeys, were, were

c) a three storey’s, were, were

d) three storeys’, was, were

6. The information he gave us ____ convincing. I don’t think we should check ____.

a) is, it c) are, them

b) is, them d) are, it

7. Her pyjamas ___ made of silk. I like _____ very much.

a) is, it c) are, it

b) is, them d) are, them

8. These scissors _____ dull! I can’t cut anything with ____.

a) are, them c) is it

b) is, them d) are, it

9. When I move to London, I’ll have to find lodgings. I’m afraid ____ will be very expensive and I’ll have to pay for ____ half of my salary.

a) it, it c) they, it

b) they, them d) it, them

10. I think billiards _____ a dull game. I wonder why the youth nowadays ___ so fond of ____?

a) are, is, it c) are, are, them

b) is, are, it d) is, are, them

11. He is so depressed. The contents of the letter _____ made public. General public _____ discussing _____.

a) have been, is, them c) have been, are, them

b) has been, are, it d) has been, it, is

12. Look! Goods _____ displayed in the window. The manager says that there will be ____ sale.

a) are, two days’ c) are, a two-days

b) is, two-day’s d) is, a two-day

13. Our family _____ good at playing draughts. Draughts ____ our favourite game. We play ____ every weekend.

a) is, is, it c) are, are, them

b) are, is, it d) is, are, it

14. Stop! The traffic ____ heavy and the traffic lights ____ red. In ___ time you will cross the street.

a) is, is, two-minutes c) are, are, a two-minutes’

b) are, are, a two-minute d) is, are, two-minutes’

15. He spent ____ holiday at the ____.

a) a week, Richardsons’ c) a weeks, Richardsons

b) week’s, Richardson d) week, Richardson’s

16. She was going for ___ walk across the field to the ___ house. She was sure that he would help her because it was the duty of ___ to help poor people like her.

a) a ten-miles, governor’s-general, governor-generals

b) a ten-mile’s, governor-general’s, governors-general

c) a ten-mile, governor-general’s, governor-generals

d) ten-miles’, governor-generals’, governors-general.

17. She wished she had a little garden with ___ and ____, like that of ___.

a) lilies-of-the-valleys, forgets-me-nots, Mrs. Sand

b) lily-of the-valleys, forget-me-nots, Mrs. Sand’s

c) lilies-of-the-valley, forget-me-nots, Mrs. Sand’s

d) lilies-of-the-valleys, forgets-me-not, Mrs. Sand

18. Take your _____ and get out with ____! You got my ____ notice, didn’t you?

a) belonging, it, two weeks

b) belongings, it, a two weeks

c) belongings, them, two weeks’

d) belonging, them, two week’s

19. We want to equip our factory with___ and to install ___ in the assembly shop.

a) new machineries, them

b) a new machinery, it

c) new machineries, it

d) new machinery, it

20. Have you got all the ___ of Byron in your home library? - Yes, I have, but I haven’t read all of ___.

a) works, them c) works, it

b) work, it d) work, them

II.

1. When he was going through a narrow passage between two ___ , he heard ___. These were his neighbours, two ___ girls.

a) merrys-go-round, laugh, twenty-years old

b) merry-go-rounds, a laugh, twenty-year old

c) merry-goes-round, laughter, twenty-years old

d) merry-goes-round, a laughter, twenty-year-old

2. He pulled off his gloves and put ___ on the dressing-table. She noticed that ____ new. So was his hat.

a) it, it was

b) it, they were

c) them, it was,

d) them, they were

3. He conducted a lot of ___ , but ___ a failure.

a) researches, they were

b) research, it was

c) researches, it was

d) research, they were

4. The money ___ been spent on the construction of the Children’s Care Centre. Road works ___ being held there to build a new ___ crossing.

a) has, are, pedestrian’s

b) has, are, pedestrian

c) has, is, pedestrians

d) has, is, pedestrians’

5. The criteria ___ too vague. If there were a sharper ___ to make our choice, I would be happy.

a) is, criterion c) is, criteria

b) are, criterion d) are, criteria

6. Here ___ the pocket money my uncle has sent me today. ___ will be enough to settle all my debts.

a) are, it c) is, it

b) is, they d) are, they

7. The latest news from the Middle East countries ____ disturbing. A close-up camera showed a man running somewhere. His face was bruised and his clothes ___ torn.

a) was, was c) was, were

b) were, were d) were, was

8. The premises ___ big enough but the inspection took them a lot of ___, and they had to drive home at ___.

a) was, time, dusks

b) were, times, a dusk

c) was, times, dusk

d) were, time, dusk

9. The price for ____ has increased by ten ___ in the last quarter. Lodgings ___ very expensive nowadays.

a) an accomodation, per cent, is

b) accomodation, per cent, are

c) accommodations, per cents, is

d) accomodation, per cents, are

10. This ___ the most effective means of production and ___ can be adjusted to your business in ___ time.

a) is, it, two month’s

b) are, they, a two-months

c) is, they, two-month

d) is, it, two months’

11. Reliable ___ about everyday clothing from the past ___ hard to obtain.

a) evidences, are c) evidences, is

b) evidence, is d) evidence, are

12. ___ depths are usually much greater than ____ depths because of ___ low density.

a) snow, rain, snow

b) snow’s, rain’s, snow’s

c) snow, rain, snow’s

d) snow’s, rain’s, snow

13. The ___ was shaky and he decided to go to the second-hand ___ store.

a) leg’s table, furniture’s

b) leg of the table, furniture

c) table leg, furniture’s

d) leg’s table, furniture

14. One hundred pounds ___ a large sum for her and she decided to put her money on her ___ account.

a) was, savings c) were, savings

b) was, saving’s d) were, saving’s

15. This is ___ cloakroom, and that one is for ___.

a) ladies’, gentlemen’s

b) lady’s, gentlemen’s

c) ladies’, gentlemen

d) lady, gentlemen

16. The ___ history goes back to 1808.

a) state’s newspaper’s

b) state’s newspaper

b) state newspaper’s

c) state newspapers’

17. At its height in the early 1900s, the British Empire included over 20 ___ of the ___ land area and more than 400 ___ people.

a) percents, world, million

b) percent, world’s, millions

c) percent, world’s, million

c) percents, world’s, million

18. The official ___ is a table containing the holy days, ___, and festivals of the church.

a) Christian Church calendar, saints’ days

b) Christian’s Church calendar, saints days

c) Christian Church’s calendar, saints’ days

d) Christian’s Church’s calendar, saints’ days

19. The ____ at the ___ talks made a deep influence on everybody.

a) Minister of Foreign Trade’s speech, peace’s

b) Minister’s of Foreign Trade’ speech, peace

c) Minister of Foreign Trade’s speech, peaceful

d) Minister of Foreign Trade’s speech, peace

20. The producer presented his new ___ film. The show took ___ time.

a) two-series, three hour’s

b) two-seria, three hours

c) two-series, three hours’

d) two-series’, three hour’s

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

ñîäåðæàíèå   ..  353  354  355   ..