ÍÎÓ ÂÏÎ ÔÈËÈÀË
«ÑÀÍÊÒ-ÏÅÒÅÐÁÓÐÃÑÊÎÃÎ ÈÍÑÒÈÒÓÒÀ ÂÍÅØÍÅÝÊÎÍÎÌÈ×ÅÑÊÈÕ ÑÂßÇÅÉ, ÝÊÎÍÎÌÈÊÈ È ÏÐÀÂÀ»
â ã. Êèðîâå
N
O
U
N
Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïî ïðàêòè÷åñêîé ãðàììàòèêå àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà
äëÿ ñòóäåíòîâ
I
êóðñà íåÿçûêîâûõ âóçîâ
Êèðîâ 2007
Ïå÷àòàåòñÿ ïî ðåøåíèþ êàôåäðû îáùå-ãóìàíèòàðíûõ è åñòåñòâåííîíàó÷íûõ äèñöèïëèí ÍÎÓ ÂÏÎ ôèëèàë «Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðãñêîãî èíñòèòóòà âíåøíå-ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ ñâÿçåé, ýêîíîìèêè è ïðàâà» â ã. Êèðîâå.
Ñîñòàâèòåëè:
Ïîçäååâà Å.Ê
., êàíä. ïåä. íàóê, äîöåíò êàôåäðû àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà ¹ 2 èíñòèòóòà (ôèëèàëà) ÌÃÞÀ â ã. Êèðîâå,
Îñòðîâñêèé È.Â
., ê.ô.í., ñò. ïðåïîäàâàòåëü êàôåäðû îáùå-ãóìàíèòàðíûõ è åñòåñòâåííîíàó÷íûõ äèñöèïëèí ÍÎÓ ÂÏÎ ôèëèàë «Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðãñêîãî èíñòèòóòà âíåøíåýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ ñâÿçåé, ýêîíîìèêè è ïðàâà» â ã. Êèðîâå
Ðåöåíçåíò – Ùåðáàêîâà Ò.Â., êàíä. ôèëîë. íàóê, äîöåíò êàôåäðû ðîìàíî-ãåðìàíñêîé ôèëîëîãèè Âÿòñêîãî ãîñóäàðñòâåííîãî ãóìàíèòàðíîãî óíèâåðñèòåòà
Noun: Ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïî ïðàêòè÷åñêîé ãðàììàòèêå àíãëèéñêîãî ÿçûêà äëÿ ñòóäåíòîâ I êóðñà íåÿçûêîâûõ âóçîâ / Ñîñò. Å.Ê. Ïîçäååâà, È.Â.Îñòðîâñêèé. – Êèðîâ, 2007. - 23 ñ.
Äàííûå ìåòîäè÷åñêèå ðåêîìåíäàöèè ïðåäíàçíà÷åíû äëÿ ñòóäåíòîâ 1 êóðñà íåÿçûêîâîãî âóçà.
Öåëü ïîñîáèÿ - ïîâòîðèòü è ñèñòåìàòèçèðîâàòü çíàíèÿ ïî òåìå “Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíîå”, à òàêæå ðàçâèòü íàâûêè óïîòðåáëåíèÿ äàííûõ ãðàììàòè÷åñêèõ ôîðì.
Âåñü ìàòåðèàë èçëàãàåòñÿ â 3 ðàçäåëàõ, ñîïðîâîæäàåìûõ òåñòîâûìè çàäàíèÿìè, öåëü êîòîðûõ - òðåíèðîâêà èçó÷àåìîãî ãðàììàòè÷åñêîãî ÿâëåíèÿ è êîíòðîëü ñôîðìèðîâàííîñòè íàâûêîâ óïîòðåáëåíèÿ.
Ëó÷øåìó óñâîåíèþ ìàòåðèàëà ñïîñîáñòâóþò òàáëèöû, ñèñòåìàòèçèðóþùèå ïðåäñòàâëåííûé ìàòåðèàë
I. T H E N U M B E R
×ÈÑËÎ
Most of the English nouns have two numbers: the singular and the plural.
Áîëüøèíñòâî àíãëèéñêèõ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå èìååò äâà ÷èñëà: åäèíñòâåííîå è ìíîæåñòâåííîå.
T H E P L U A R A L
ÌÍÎÆÅÑÒÂÅÍÍÎÅ ×ÈÑËÎ
1.
Spelling rules.
Ïðàâîïèñàíèå
.
Read the following words and remember how the plural is formed.
Ïðî÷èòàéòå ñëåäóþùèå ñëîâà è âñïîìíèòå, êàê îáðàçóåòñÿ
ìíîæåñòâåííîå ÷èñëî ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûõ.
a.
a girl - girls
a friend - friends
a flower - flowers
b.
a bus - buses
a bush - bushes
a box - boxes
a match - matches
c.
a lad
y
- ladies
a pon
y
- ponies
a lily
- lilies
but:
a da
y
- days
a ke
y
- keys
a pla
y
- plays
d.
tomat
o
- tomatoes
potat
o
- potatoes
her
o
- heroes
but:
radi
o
– radios
Zo
o
– Zoos
tatto
o
– tattoos
but:
photo - photos
piano - pianos
zero - zeros
e.
life
- lives
thief
- thieves
wife
- wives
but:
chief - chiefs
belief - beliefs
roof - roofs
safe - safes
2. Remember the nouns!
Çàïîìíèòå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå
!
a man
a woman
a child
a foot
a tooth
a goose
a mouse
an ox
|
men
women
children
feet
teeth
geese
mice
oxen
|
3. Identical forms for the plural and for the singular.
Îäèíàêîâûå ôîðìû åäèíñòâåííîãî è ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà.
a sheep
a deer
a swine
a fish
a trout
a salmon
a species
a series
a craft
a means
a dozen
a hundred
a thousand
a million
per cent
|
sheep
deer
swine
fish
trout
salmon
species
series
craft
means
dozen
hundred
thousand
million
per cent
|
îâöà
îëåíü
ñâèíüÿ
ðûáà
ôîðåëü
ëîñîñü
ðàçíîâèäíîñòü
ñåðèÿ
ñóäíî
ñðåäñòâî
äþæèíà
ñîòíÿ
òûñÿ÷à
ìèëëèîí
ïðîöåíò
|
But:
hundreds of people
thousands of quesions
millions of stars
4. Latin and Greek suffixes.
Ëàòèíñêèå è ãðå÷åñêèå ñóôôèêñû.
-a
|
-ae
|
formula
|
formulae
|
-um
|
-a
|
datum
memorandum
|
data
memoranda
|
-ix/-ex
|
-ex/ices
|
appendix
index
|
appendices
/appendixes
indices
/indexes
|
-is
|
-es
|
crisis
basis
analysis
thesis
hypothesis
|
crises
bases
analyses
theses
hypotheses
|
-on
|
-a
|
phenomenon
criterion
|
phenomena
criteria
|
-us
|
-i
|
stimulus
nucleus
|
stimuli
nuclei
|
5. The plural of compound nouns.
Ìíîæåñòâåííîå ÷èñëî ó ñîñòàâíûõ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûõ
.
a.
In compounds we put the head noun in the plural.
 ñîñòàâíûõ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûõ â ôîðìó ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà ñòàâèòñÿ êëþ÷åâîå ñëîâî
.
a lady-bird - lady-birds
a story-teller - story-tellers
a house-wife - house-wives
a postman - postmen
a Frenchwoman - Frenchwomen
editor- in-chief - editors-in-chief
brother-in-law - brothers-in-law
looker-on - lookers-on
b.
But: if there is no noun-stem, we add ‘-s’ to the end of the word.
Íî: åñëè íåò êëþ÷åâîãî ñëîâà, îêîí÷àíèå ‘-s’ äîáàâëÿåòñÿ ê ïîñëåäíåìó ñëîâó.
merry-go-round - merry-go-rounds
forget-me-not - forget-me-nots
c.
If a compound contains such words as ‘man’, ‘woman’ or ‘lord’ at the beginning we must put both stems into plural.
Åñëè ñîñòàâíîå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíîå ñîäåðæèò òàêèå ñëîâà êàê ‘man’, ‘woman’ èëè ‘lord’, òî îáå ÷àñòè ñòàâÿòñÿ â ôîðìó ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëî
.
a man-servant - men-servants
a woman-doctor - women-doctors
a lord-justice - lords-justices
6. Nouns which are used only in the plural.
Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ òîëüêî âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì ÷èñëå.
trousers
jeans
spectacles
glasses
scissors
scales
tongs
|
áðþêè
äæèíñû
î÷êè
î÷êè
íîæíèöû
âåñû
ùèïöû
|
as in Russian
êàê è â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå
|
politics
contents
arms
customs
belongings
|
ïîëèòèêà
ñîäåðæàíèå
îðóæèå
òàìîæíÿ
èìóùåñòâî
|
in Russian only singular
â
ðóññêîì
òîëüêî
åä
.
÷
.
|
wages
clothes
savings
riches
goods
stairs
the Browns
the United States
potatoes
onions
carrrots
oats
|
çàðïëàòà
îäåæäà
ñáåðåæåíèå
áîãàòñòâî
òîâàð
ëåñòíèöà
ñåìüÿ Áðàóíîâ
Ñîåäèíåííûå Øòàòû
êàðòîôåëü
ëóê
ìîðêîâü
îâåñ
|
in Russian both singular and plural
â ðóññêîì è â åä.÷., è âî ìíîæ.÷.
|
But:
one pototo - îäíà êàðòîôåëèíà
one onion - îäíà ëóêîâèöà
one carrot - îäíà ìîðêîâêà
7. Nouns which are used only in the plural and their homonyms.
Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ òîëüêî âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì ÷èñëå, è èõ îìîíèìû (ñëîâà, ñõîäíûå ïî ïðîèçíîøåíèþ è íàïèñàíèþ, íî îòëè÷íûå ïî ñìûñëó).
customs - òàìîæíÿ
glasses - î÷êè
studies - ó÷åáà
pictures - êèíî
authorities - âëàñòè, íà÷àëüñòâî
manners - îáû÷àè, íðàâû
damages - óáûòêè
|
a custom(s) - îáû÷àé
a glass(es) - î÷êè
a study(ies) - êàáèíåò
a picture(s) - êàðòèíà
authority(ies) - ïîëíîìî÷èå, ïðàâî
a manner(s) - ìàíåðà
a damage(s) - ñëó÷àè âðåäà
|
8. Nouns which are only in the singular in English and in Russian.
Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå è â àíãëèéñêîì, è â ðóññêîì ÿçûêå èìåþò òîëüêî ôîðìó åäèíñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà.
mathematics
physics
phonetics
|
ìàòåìàòèêà
ôèçèêà
ôîíåòèêà
|
9. Nouns used in the singular in English but are the plural in Russian.
Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ òîëüêî â åäèíñòâåííîì ÷èñëå, à â ðóññêîì - òîëüêî âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì
.
applause
chess
draughts
money
ink
cream
hair
sledge
intelligence
knowledge
information
|
àïëîäèñìåíòû
øàõìàòû
øàøêè
äåíüãè
÷åðíèëà
ñëèâêè
âîëîñû
ñàíêè
ñâåäåíèÿ
çíàíèÿ
ñâåäåíèÿ
|
9. Nouns used in the singular in English but can be both in the singular and in the plural in Russian.
Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ òîëüêî â åäèíñòâåííîì ÷èñëå, à â ðóññêîì - è â åäèíñòâåííîì, è âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì
.
advice
evidence
fruit
research
news
progress
|
ñîâåò
äîêàçàòåëüñòâî, óëèêà
ôðóêò
èññëåäîâàíèå
íîâîñòü
óñïåõ
|
10. Nouns used in the singular and in the plural in English but only in the plural in Russian.
Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, êîòîðûå â àíãëèéñêîì ÿçûêå óïîòðåáëÿþòñÿ è â åäèíñòâåííîì, è âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì ÷èñëå, à â ðóññêîì - òîëüêî âî ìíîæåñòâåííîì.
gate(s)
clock(s)
watch(es)
|
âîðîòà
÷àñû
÷àñû (íàðó÷íûå)
|
11. Nouns which are singular in form but plural in meaning.
Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, èìåþùèå ôîðìó åäèíñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà, íî ïî çíà÷åíèþ - ìíîæåñòâåííîå
.
police
militia
people
clergy - äóõîâåíñòâî
Eg.:
The police are
controlling the order at the meeting.
12. The nouns the singular form of which can be used as the singular and the plural.
Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, ôîðìà åäèíñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà ó êîòîðûõ ìîæåò èìåòü çíà÷åíèå è åäèíñòâåííîãî, è ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà.
family
team
gang
crew
group
committee
company
Eg.:
The family is
large.
(The family is taken as a single unit.
Ñåìüÿ ðàññìàòðèâàåòñÿ êàê åäèíîå öåëîå. )
The family are
sitting at table.
(The members are taken separately
. Ñåìüÿ ñîñòîèò èç îòäåëüíûõ ÷ëåíîâ.
)
13. The nouns with two plural forms.
Ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå, èìåþùèå äâå ôîðìû ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà
.
a penny - ïåíñ
pence - ïî îòíîøåíèþ ê êîëè÷åñòâó äåíåã (Eg.: two pence)
pennies - ïî îòíîøåíèþ ê ìîíåòàì (Eg.: Several pennies fell on the floor.)
T E S T S
ON NUMBER
1. Choose the correct plural form of the following nouns.
Âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíóþ ôîðìó ìíîæåñòâåííîãî ÷èñëà.
a
|
b
|
c
|
1
|
money
|
moneys
|
-
|
monies
|
2
|
a mouse
|
mouses
|
mice
|
mise
|
3
|
a watch
|
watches
|
watch
|
watchs
|
4
|
an address
|
-
|
addresses
|
address
|
5
|
a tomato
|
tomatoes
|
tomatos
|
tomates
|
6
|
a radio
|
radios
|
radioes
|
-
|
7
|
a story
|
storys
|
storeys
|
stories
|
8
|
a fly
|
flys
|
flyes
|
flies
|
9
|
a bus
|
busses
|
buses
|
bussess
|
10
|
a dish
|
dishes
|
dishs
|
dish
|
11
|
a belief
|
believes
|
beliefs
|
belief
|
12
|
a man-servant
|
man-servants
|
men-servant
|
men-servants
|
13
|
a penny
|
pennies
|
pennys
|
pence
|
14
|
a sledge
|
sledge
|
sledges
|
-
|
15
|
a sheep
|
-
|
sheep
|
sheeps
|
16
|
a
mouth
|
mouths
|
mice
|
mouthes
|
17
|
a deer
|
deer
|
deers
|
-
|
18
|
a foot
|
foots
|
footes
|
feet
|
19
|
advice
|
advice
|
advices
|
-
|
20
|
a trout
|
trouts
|
-
|
trout
|
21
|
hair
|
hairs
|
hair
|
-
|
22
|
a commander-in-chief
|
commanders-in-chief
|
commander-in-chiefs
|
commanders-in-chiefs
|
23
|
vacation
|
vacations
|
-
|
vacation
|
24
|
a fisherman
|
fisherman
|
fishersman
|
fishermen
|
25
|
a boy-messenger
|
boys-messenger
|
boy-messengers
|
boys-messengers
|
26
|
a crisis
|
crisis
|
-
|
crises
|
27
|
a merry-go-round
|
merries-go-round
|
merries-go-rounds
|
merry-go-rounds
|
28
|
evidence
|
evidence
|
evidences
|
-
|
29
|
a month
|
monthes
|
months
|
month
|
30
|
a passer-by
|
passer-bys
|
passers-byes
|
passers-by
|
31
|
a looker-on
|
lookers-on
|
looker-ons
|
lookers-ons
|
32
|
a woman-doctor
|
women-doctor
|
woman-doctors
|
women-doctors
|
33
|
an index
|
indexs
|
indeces
|
indices
|
34
|
a dozen
|
dozen
|
dozens
|
-
|
35
|
a stimulus
|
stimuluses
|
stimulus
|
stimuli
|
36
|
fireman
|
firemen
|
firemans
|
firesmen
|
37
|
a
lord-justice
|
lords-justices
|
lord-justices
|
lords-justice
|
38
|
scissors
|
scissorses
|
scissors
|
-
|
39
|
fish
|
fish
|
fishes
|
-
|
40
|
a ship
|
ships
|
ship
|
-
|
41
|
tongs
|
tongs
|
tonges
|
-
|
42
|
a valley
|
valleys
|
vallies
|
valleis
|
43
|
knowledge
|
knowledges
|
knowledge
|
-
|
44
|
toothbrush
|
teethbrush
|
toothbrushes
|
teethbrushes
|
45
|
jeans
|
jeans
|
-
|
jeanses
|
46
|
an umbrella
|
umbrellas
|
umbrellaes
|
umbrellae
|
47
|
a formula
|
formulas
|
formulaes
|
formulae
|
48
|
a clock
|
clocks
|
clock
|
-
|
49
|
a million
|
millions
|
million
|
-
|
50
|
news
|
news
|
-
|
newses
|
2. Choose the appropriate form of the word.
Âûáåðèòå
ñîîòâåòñòâóþùóþ
ôîðìó
ñëîâà
.
1. What ___ the news?
a) is; b) are
2. The contents ___ been changed.
a) has not; b) have not; c) doesn’t have
3. We’d like three ____ pencils.
a) dozen; b) dozens; c) dozen of
4. His hair ___ dark.
a) is; b) are
5. Money ___ not everything.
a) are; b) is
6. These shoes cost three ___ dollars.
a) hundreds; b) hundred
7. Mathematics ___ an exact science.
a) is; b) are
8. In summer we eat much ___.
a) fruit; b) fruits
9. The witness gave enough ____ at the trial.
a) evidence; b) evidences
10. We caught a few___
a) fishes; b) fish
11. Schoolchildren have four ____ every year.
a) vacation: b) vacations
12. Our team ___ the best.
a) is; b) are
13. Our team ___ playing well.
a) is; b) are
14. There are ___ people in the street.
a) hundred; b) hundreds; c) hundreds of
15. The United States ____ a long history.
a) have; b) has
16. Where ____ my glasses?
a) are; b) is
17. ____ very useful for your health.
a) Carrots are; b) Carrot is
18. _____ very cheap.
a) Potatoes are; b) Potato is
19. His _____ high.
a) wages are; b) wage is
20. The gate ___ open.
a) is; b) are
21. He gave me some useful ___.
a) advice; b) advices.
22. There ____ a lot of chalk on the table.
a) is; b) are
23. The ___ of this country ____ happy.
a) people ... is; b) people ... are; c) peoples ... are
24. The storm brought a lot of ____.
a) damages; b) damage
25. The trousers ___ new.
a) is; b) are
26. I feel that the jury ___ thought that you are innocent.
a) have; b) has
27. The government _____able to pursue the policy which had been promised before the elections.
a) was not; b) were not
28. The police ___ investigating the case now.
a) is; b) are
29. The crew of the plane ____ of four people.
a) consist; b) consists
30. The government usually ____ of the prime minister and several ministers.
a) consist; b) consists
31. The average American family ___ three children.
a) has; b) have
32. The family ____ gone to bed.
a) has; b) have
33. Her clothes ___ fashionable.
a) is; b) are
34. That species of spiders ___ commonly seen in North America.
a) is; b) are
35. I think her hair ____ dyed.
a) is; b) are
36. The phenomena ___ unusual.
a) is; b) are
37. The traffic ___ very heavy in this street.
a) is; b) are
38. When the traffic-lights ___ red, don’t cross the street.
a) is; b) are
39. The grapes ___ ripe.
a) is; b) are
40. Athletics ___ an important part of the Olympic games.
a) is; b) are
II. T H E C A S E
ÏÀÄÅÆ
English nouns denoting human beings have two cases: the common case and the Genitive case.
Àíãëèéñêèå îäóøåâëåííûå ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûå èìåþò äâà ïàäåæà: îáùèé è ïðèòÿæàòåëüíûé
.
T H E G E N E T I V E
ÏÐÈÒßÆÀÒÅËÜÍÛÉ
ÏÀÄÅÆ
1. Read the following examples and remember how the Genitive is formed.
Ïðî÷èòàéòå ñëåäóþùèå ïðèìåðû è âñïîìíèòå, êàê îáðàçóåòñÿ ïðèòÿæàòåëüíûé ïàäåæ
.
a.
a boy’s tie
Mary’s book
hotel-keeper’s armchair
house-wife’s coat
b.
an actress’s career
a waitress’ job
c.
children’s toys
men’s hats
sheep’s wool
d.
girls’ dresses
students’ parties
but:
mothers-in-law’s words
editors-in-chief’s studies
e.
Charles’s jeans
Doris’s car
St. James’s Park
but:
the Browns’ house
f.
John and Jack’s room
2. To show the possession with things we can use ‘of’.
×òîáû ïîêàçàòü ïðèíàäëåæíîñòü íåîäóøåâëåííîìó ïðåäìåòó, èñïîëüçóåòñÿ ïðåäëîã ‘of’.
the leg of the table
the top of the box
3. Fixed phrases.
Óñòîé÷èâûå
âûðàæåíèÿ
.
the earth’s surface - ïîâåðõíîñòü çåìëè
journey’s end -îêîí÷àíèå ïóòåøåñòâèÿ
for Heaven’s sake / for God’s sake - ðàäè áîãà
at one’s wit’s end - â òóïèêå
at a stone’s throw - ðóêîé ïîäàòü
a hair’s breadth - íà âîëîñêå
4. Time phrases.
Ôðàçû
,
îáîçíà÷àþùèå
ïåðèîä
âðåìåíè
.
an hour’s journey two hours’ journey
a day’s work two days’ work
a month’s salary two months’ salary
5. With nouns expressing space and weight
, with the names of countries, cities, ships
and with the nouns ‘world, country, city, ship’.
Ñ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûìè, îáîçíà÷àþùèìè ïðîñòðàíñòâî è âðåìÿ
, ñ íàçâàíèÿìè ñòðàí, ãîðîäîâ, êîðàáëåé
, à òàêæå ñ ñóùåñòâèòåëüíûìè ‘world, country, city, ship’.
the river’s mouth
Moscow’s museums
world’s theatres
our country’s industry
the ship’s crew
6. With organizations.
Ñ íàçâàíèÿìè îðãàíèçàöèé.
the government decision
the company’s success
T E S T S
ON CASE
1. Choose the correct word-combination.
Âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíîå ñëîâîñî÷åòàíèå.
a
|
b
|
c
|
1
|
your parents’ house
|
your parents’s house
|
your parents house
|
2
|
a kitchen table
|
a kitchen’s table
|
a table of a kitchen
|
3
|
Liz’s bag
|
the bag of Liz
|
Liz’ bag
|
4
|
the Bonds’ car
|
the Bonds’s car
|
the car of the Bonds
|
5
|
a bird’s nest
|
a nest of a bird
|
a birds’ nest
|
6
|
transport of Kirov
|
Kirov transport
|
Kirov’s transport
|
7
|
Charles’ address
|
Charles’s address
|
address of Charles
|
8
|
a dining-room’s table
|
a table of a dining-room
|
a dining-room table
|
9
|
Museum of Pushkin
|
Pushkin’s Museum
|
The Pushkin Museum
|
10
|
a journey of a year
|
a year’s journey
|
a year journey
|
11
|
resources of the earth
|
the earth’s resources
|
the earth resources
|
12
|
Bob and Ann’s car
|
Bob’s and Ann’s car
|
the car of Bob and Ann
|
13
|
the rays of the sun
|
the sun rays
|
the sun’s rays
|
14
|
Dickens’ novels
|
Dickens’s novels
|
the novels of Dickens
|
15
|
the portarait of the King
|
King’s portrait
|
the King portrait
|
16
|
the house of my sister-in-law
|
my sister-in-law’s house
|
my sister’s-in-law house
|
17
|
todays newspapers
|
today’s newspapers
|
newspapers of today
|
18
|
the town’s walls
|
the town walls
|
the walls of the town
|
18
|
tennis shoes
|
tennis’s shoes
|
shoes of tennis
|
20
|
our brothers-in-law’s car
|
our brothers’-in-law cars
|
the car of our brothers-in-law
|
21
|
the book’s cover
|
the book cover
|
the cover of the book
|
22
|
a street’s lamp
|
a street lamp
|
a lamp of the street
|
23
|
the men hats
|
the men’s hats
|
the hats of the men
|
24
|
the ship crew
|
the crew of the ship
|
the ship’s crew
|
25
|
children’s toys
|
children’ toys
|
childrens’ toys
|
2. Choose the correct variant.
Âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíûé âàðèàíò.
1. The only thing she wanted was to see ____.
a) her parents’ house; b) her parents’s house; c) the house of her parents
2. No one could explain _____ at ______.
a) the girl behaviour; b) the girl’s behaviour; c) the behaviour of the girl
a) yesterday’s supper; b) yesterday’ supper; c) yesterday supper
3. ____ was disappointing. Our team lost.
a) Last Sundays’ match; b) Last Sunday match; c) Last Sunday’s match
4. The boy was looking through the ____.
a) children’s books; b) children books; c) books of children
5. After ____ we resumed our work.
a) an hour’s break; b) an hour break; c) an hour’ break
6. At that time he lives in _____.
a) his father-in-law’s flat; b) his father’s-in-law flat; c) his father-in-law’ flat
7. I don’t like ____.
a) cows’ milk; b) cows milk; c) the milk of the cows
8. He was puzzled by ____.
a) Ann and Peter’s visit; b) Ann’s and Peter’s visit
9. When Friday came he was ____.
a) at his wit’s ends; b) at his wit ends; c) at his wit’ end
10. This is _____.
a) John’s coat; b) the coat of John; c) John coat
T E S TS
ON NUMBER AND CASE
I.
1. His advice ___ always reasonable. I advise you to follow ____.
a) are, them c) is, it
b) are, it d) is, them
2. The applause _____ deafening. I can’t stand ___ any longer. Let’s go out.
a) are, them c) is, them
b) is, it d) are, it
3. The second witness’s evidence _____ more convincing. ____ made me believe that the suspect is innocent.
a) are, it c) are, they
b) is, it d) is, they
4. Look, her clothes ___ brand new. Where did she get the money to buy ____?
a) is, it c) are, them
b) are, it d) is, them
5. The Browns who lived in _____ house ____ having dinner with the Harrisons who ____ their best friends.
a) a three-storey, were, were
b) three storeys, were, were
c) a three storey’s, were, were
d) three storeys’, was, were
6. The information he gave us ____ convincing. I don’t think we should check ____.
a) is, it c) are, them
b) is, them d) are, it
7. Her pyjamas ___ made of silk. I like _____ very much.
a) is, it c) are, it
b) is, them d) are, them
8. These scissors _____ dull! I can’t cut anything with ____.
a) are, them c) is it
b) is, them d) are, it
9. When I move to London, I’ll have to find lodgings. I’m afraid ____ will be very expensive and I’ll have to pay for ____ half of my salary.
a) it, it c) they, it
b) they, them d) it, them
10. I think billiards _____ a dull game. I wonder why the youth nowadays ___ so fond of ____?
a) are, is, it c) are, are, them
b) is, are, it d) is, are, them
11. He is so depressed. The contents of the letter _____ made public. General public _____ discussing _____.
a) have been, is, them c) have been, are, them
b) has been, are, it d) has been, it, is
12. Look! Goods _____ displayed in the window. The manager says that there will be ____ sale.
a) are, two days’ c) are, a two-days
b) is, two-day’s d) is, a two-day
13. Our family _____ good at playing draughts. Draughts ____ our favourite game. We play ____ every weekend.
a) is, is, it c) are, are, them
b) are, is, it d) is, are, it
14. Stop! The traffic ____ heavy and the traffic lights ____ red. In ___ time you will cross the street.
a) is, is, two-minutes c) are, are, a two-minutes’
b) are, are, a two-minute d) is, are, two-minutes’
15. He spent ____ holiday at the ____.
a) a week, Richardsons’ c) a weeks, Richardsons
b) week’s, Richardson d) week, Richardson’s
16. She was going for ___ walk across the field to the ___ house. She was sure that he would help her because it was the duty of ___ to help poor people like her.
a) a ten-miles, governor’s-general, governor-generals
b) a ten-mile’s, governor-general’s, governors-general
c) a ten-mile, governor-general’s, governor-generals
d) ten-miles’, governor-generals’, governors-general.
17. She wished she had a little garden with ___ and ____, like that of ___.
a) lilies-of-the-valleys, forgets-me-nots, Mrs. Sand
b) lily-of the-valleys, forget-me-nots, Mrs. Sand’s
c) lilies-of-the-valley, forget-me-nots, Mrs. Sand’s
d) lilies-of-the-valleys, forgets-me-not, Mrs. Sand
18. Take your _____ and get out with ____! You got my ____ notice, didn’t you?
a) belonging, it, two weeks
b) belongings, it, a two weeks
c) belongings, them, two weeks’
d) belonging, them, two week’s
19. We want to equip our factory with___ and to install ___ in the assembly shop.
a) new machineries, them
b) a new machinery, it
c) new machineries, it
d) new machinery, it
20. Have you got all the ___ of Byron in your home library? - Yes, I have, but I haven’t read all of ___.
a) works, them c) works, it
b) work, it d) work, them
II.
1. When he was going through a narrow passage between two ___ , he heard ___. These were his neighbours, two ___ girls.
a) merrys-go-round, laugh, twenty-years old
b) merry-go-rounds, a laugh, twenty-year old
c) merry-goes-round, laughter, twenty-years old
d) merry-goes-round, a laughter, twenty-year-old
2. He pulled off his gloves and put ___ on the dressing-table. She noticed that ____ new. So was his hat.
a) it, it was
b) it, they were
c) them, it was,
d) them, they were
3. He conducted a lot of ___ , but ___ a failure.
a) researches, they were
b) research, it was
c) researches, it was
d) research, they were
4. The money ___ been spent on the construction of the Children’s Care Centre. Road works ___ being held there to build a new ___ crossing.
a) has, are, pedestrian’s
b) has, are, pedestrian
c) has, is, pedestrians
d) has, is, pedestrians’
5. The criteria ___ too vague. If there were a sharper ___ to make our choice, I would be happy.
a) is, criterion c) is, criteria
b) are, criterion d) are, criteria
6. Here ___ the pocket money my uncle has sent me today. ___ will be enough to settle all my debts.
a) are, it c) is, it
b) is, they d) are, they
7. The latest news from the Middle East countries ____ disturbing. A close-up camera showed a man running somewhere. His face was bruised and his clothes ___ torn.
a) was, was c) was, were
b) were, were d) were, was
8. The premises ___ big enough but the inspection took them a lot of ___, and they had to drive home at ___.
a) was, time, dusks
b) were, times, a dusk
c) was, times, dusk
d) were, time, dusk
9. The price for ____ has increased by ten ___ in the last quarter. Lodgings ___ very expensive nowadays.
a) an accomodation, per cent, is
b) accomodation, per cent, are
c) accommodations, per cents, is
d) accomodation, per cents, are
10. This ___ the most effective means of production and ___ can be adjusted to your business in ___ time.
a) is, it, two month’s
b) are, they, a two-months
c) is, they, two-month
d) is, it, two months’
11. Reliable ___ about everyday clothing from the past ___ hard to obtain.
a) evidences, are c) evidences, is
b) evidence, is d) evidence, are
12. ___ depths are usually much greater than ____ depths because of ___ low density.
a) snow, rain, snow
b) snow’s, rain’s, snow’s
c) snow, rain, snow’s
d) snow’s, rain’s, snow
13. The ___ was shaky and he decided to go to the second-hand ___ store.
a) leg’s table, furniture’s
b) leg of the table, furniture
c) table leg, furniture’s
d) leg’s table, furniture
14. One hundred pounds ___ a large sum for her and she decided to put her money on her ___ account.
a) was, savings c) were, savings
b) was, saving’s d) were, saving’s
15. This is ___ cloakroom, and that one is for ___.
a) ladies’, gentlemen’s
b) lady’s, gentlemen’s
c) ladies’, gentlemen
d) lady, gentlemen
16. The ___ history goes back to 1808.
a) state’s newspaper’s
b) state’s newspaper
b) state newspaper’s
c) state newspapers’
17. At its height in the early 1900s, the British Empire included over 20 ___ of the ___ land area and more than 400 ___ people.
a) percents, world, million
b) percent, world’s, millions
c) percent, world’s, million
c) percents, world’s, million
18. The official ___ is a table containing the holy days, ___, and festivals of the church.
a) Christian Church calendar, saints’ days
b) Christian’s Church calendar, saints days
c) Christian Church’s calendar, saints’ days
d) Christian’s Church’s calendar, saints’ days
19. The ____ at the ___ talks made a deep influence on everybody.
a) Minister of Foreign Trade’s speech, peace’s
b) Minister’s of Foreign Trade’ speech, peace
c) Minister of Foreign Trade’s speech, peaceful
d) Minister of Foreign Trade’s speech, peace
20. The producer presented his new ___ film. The show took ___ time.
a) two-series, three hour’s
b) two-seria, three hours
c) two-series, three hours’
d) two-series’, three hour’s
ñîäåðæàíèå ..
353
354
355 ..
|