Ãëàâíàÿ      Ó÷åáíèêè - Ðàçíûå     Ëåêöèè (ðàçíûå) - ÷àñòü 20

 

Ïîèñê            

 

Ïîñîáèå ó÷åáíî-ìåòîäè÷åñêîå ïî äèñöèïëèíå «Àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê: áàçîâûé êóðñ»

 

             

Ïîñîáèå ó÷åáíî-ìåòîäè÷åñêîå ïî äèñöèïëèíå «Àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê: áàçîâûé êóðñ»

Àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê

Ó÷åáíî-ìåòîäè÷åñêîå ïîñîáèå

ïî äèñöèïëèíå

«Àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê: áàçîâûé êóðñ»

Àâòîð: Õóñàèíîâà È.Ñ.

Ìîñêâà

2010

Ó÷åáíî-ìåòîäè÷åñêîå ïîñîáèå ïî äèñöèïëèíå «Àíãëèéñêèé ÿçûê».

Íàñòîÿùåå ó÷åáíî-ìåòîäè÷åñêîå ïîñîáèå ïîäãîòîâëåíî â ñîîòâåòñòâèè ñ ãîñóäàðñòâåííûì îáðàçîâàòåëüíûì ñòàíäàðòîì âûñøåãî ïðîôåññèîíàëüíîãî îáðàçîâàíèÿ.

Ïîñîáèå ðàññ÷èòàíî íà âåñü êóðñ îáó÷åíèÿ èíîñòðàííîìó ÿçûêó äëÿ ðàçíûõ ñïåöèàëüíîñòåé è ôîðì îáó÷åíèÿ, ïîðÿäîê è ñðîêè èçó÷åíèÿ òåì ìîãóò áûòü èçìåíåíû ðàñøèðåíèåì êàôåäðû èíîñòðàííûõ ÿçûêîâ.

Àâòîð ó÷åáíî-ìåòîäè÷åñêîãî ïîñîáèÿ: È.Ñ. Õóñàèíîâà

Àíãëèéñêèé àëôàâèò

The English Alphabet

Ïå÷àòíûå áóêâû

 ïèñüìå

Íàçâàíèå áóêâû

Ïå÷àòíûå áóêâû

 ïèñüìå

Íàçâàíèå áóêâû

A a

A a

[ei]

N n

N n

[en]

B b

B b

[bi:]

O o

O o

[ou]

C c

C c

[si:]

P p

P p

[pi:]

D d

D d

[di:]

Q q

Q q

[kju]

E e

E e

[i:]

R r

R r

[a: (r)]

F f

F f

[ef]

S s

S s

[es]

G g

G g

[dʒi:]

T t

T t

[ti:]

H h

H h

[eɪtʃ]

U u

U u

[ju:]

I i

I i

[ai]

V v

V v

[vi:]

J j

J j

[dʒeɪ]

W w

W w

[ ́dʌblju:]

K k

K k

[keɪ]

X x

X x

[eks]

L l

L l

[el]

Y y

Y y

[wai]

M m

Mm

[em]

Z z

Z z

[zed]

Ñ ONTENTS

Unit 1 6

Grammar: Ââîäíî-ôîíåòè÷åñêèé êóðñ.

Unit 2 10

Text: Tom’s family.

Grammar: Ìåñòîèìåíèÿ. Âîïðîñèòåëüíûå âèäû ïðåäëîæåíèÿ.

Unit 3 14

Text: My working day.

Grammar: Present Simple Tense (ïðîñòîå íàñòîÿùåå âðåìÿ).

Unit 4 17

Text: At the Russian delegation.

Grammar: Present Progressive (Continuous) (íàñòîÿùåå ïðîäîëæåííîå âðåìÿ).

Unit 5 21

Text: Meeting a businessman.

Grammar: Present Perfect Tense (íàñòîÿùåå ñîâåðøåííîå âðåìÿ).

Unit 6 23

Text: Discussing contract terms.

Grammar: Past Simple (ïðîñòîå ïðîøåäøåå âðåìÿ).

Unit 7 27

Text: At the Airport

Grammar: Future Simple Tense (ïðîñòîå áóäóùåå âðåìÿ).

Unit 8 30

Text A: Going through passport control.

Text B: Going through the customs.

Text C: At the hotel.

Grammar: Past Perfect Tense (ïðåäïðîøåäøåå âðåìÿ).

Unit 9 34

Text: Talking business.

Grammar: Past Continuous Tense (ïðîøåäøåå ïðîäîëæåííîå âðåìÿ).

Unit 10 37

Text: Discussing prices and terms of payment.

Grammar: Reported Speech (êîñâåííàÿ ðå÷ü).

Unit 11 43

Text: A visit to the plant.

Grammar: The Sequence of Tenses (ñîãëàñîâàíèå âðåìåí).

Unit 12 47

Grammar: Modal Verbs and their equivalents (ìîäàëüíûå ãëàãîëû è èõ ýêâèâàëåíòû).

Additional Unit 50

Check yourself 56

Language summary 74

UNIT 1

Grammar: Ââîäíî-ôîíåòè÷åñêèé êóðñ .

Ïðàâèëà ÷òåíèÿ óäàðíûõ ãëàñíûõ.

Òèï ñëîãà

A a

E e

I i

O o

U u

Y y

Îòêðûòûé ñëîã

[ei]

case

[1:]

she

[ai]

line

[ou]

bone

[ju:]

mule

[ai]

shy

Çàêðûòûé ñëîã

[æ]

cat

[e]

men

[i]

bit

[o]

lot

[۸]

cut

[i]

myth

Ãëàñí. + R

Ãëàñí. + R + ñîãë.

[a:]

car

park

[ә:]

her

term

[ә:]

sir

bird

[o:]

or

born

[ә:]

fur

burn

[ә:]

byrd

Ãëàñí + R + ãëàñí.

[εә]

vary

[iә]

mere

[aiә]

hire

[o:]

story

[juә]

pure

[aiә]

tyre

Êðàòêàÿ ñðàâíèòåëüíàÿ õàðàêòåðèñòèêà àíãëèéñêèõ è ðóññêèõ ãëàñíûõ çâóêîâ:

[e] – ïðîèçíîøåíèå ïðèìåðíî êàê [ý] â ñëîâàõ ýòè, æåñòü .

[æ] – ñðåäíèé ìåæäó [ý] è [a], íàïîìèíàåò ìÿãêèé a â ñëîâå äÿòåë .

[ʌ] – ïðîèçíîñèòñÿ êàê [a] â ñëîâå êàçàê .

[a:] – ïîõîæ íà óäëèíåííûé [a-a] â ñëîâå êà-àê .

[o:] – ïðîèçíîñèòñÿ êàê ïðîòÿæíîå [o] â ñëîâå ïîðò .

[ə:] – äîëãèé çâóê, ñðåäíèé ìåæäó [o] è [ý], íàïîìèíàåò çâóê [¸] â ñëîâå øòå .

[u:] – ñîîòâåòñòâóåò ðóññêîìó çâóêó [y] â ñëîâå óãîëü .

[ai] – áëèçîê ðóñ. [àé] â ñëîâå äàé .

[au] – áëèçîê ðóñ. [ay] â ñëîâå ïàóçà .

[ei] – áëèçîê ðóñ.[åé] â ñëîâå ëåé .

[ou] – áëèçîê ðóñ. [îó] â ñëîâå êëîóí .

[oi] – áëèçîê ðóñ. [îé] â ñëîâå áîé .

[iə] – áëèçîê ðóññêîìó [èý] ñ óäàðåíèåì íà [i].

[uə] – áëèçîê ðóñ. [óý] ñ óäàðåíèåì íà [u].

[εə ] áëèçîê ðóñ. [ýà]

×òåíèå ñî÷åòàíèé ñîãëàñíûõ áóêâ:

Ck [k] luck

Sh [ʃ] she

Ch [tʃ] chess

Tch [tʃ] catch

Th [ð] this

Th [θ ] thin

Ph [f] phone

Qu [kw] question

Kn [n] knife

Ng [ŋ] long

Nk [ŋk] think

Wh + o[h] who

Wh + îñòàëüíûå ãëàñí. [w] what

Wr â íà÷àëå ñëîâà ïåðåä ãëàãîëîì [r] write

GRAMMAR PRACTICE

1. Ïðî÷èòàéòå ñëîâà ñîãëàñíî ïðàâèëàì ÷òåíèÿ.

END, CAME, TIN, LINE, FINE, LOT, BOX, NICE, NO, CLOSE, PEN, DATE, PLANE, COST, STOP, YET, LETTER, FILE, MEET, SPEAK, CUP, CARD, START, FOOD, BOOK, GOOD, SHELF, SHEEP, DRY, WITH, READ.

2. Use A or AN (èñïîëüçóéòå A èëè AN ).

a) … actor

b) … manager

c) … e-mail address

d) … lesson

e) … telephone number

f) … holiday

g) … teacher

h) … English teacher

3. Àíòîíèìû (ïîñòàâüòå áóêâû â ïðàâèëüíîì ïîðÿäêå).

a) Finish

artst _______

b) Morning

venineg________

c) Go to bed

teg pu_______

d) Open

solce _______


4. Use (ïîñòàâüòå ): I, YOU, HE, SHE, IT, WE, THEY.

a. … is a table.

b. … are in the car.

c. … is a cat.

d. … am a student.

e. … is a teacher.


f. … is mr Bell.

g. … is a young man.

h. … am fine.

i. … is in London.

j. … are a good friend.


5. Use (ïîñòàâüòå ): AM, IS, ARE.


a. He … a student.

b. You … French.

c. I … a teacher.

d. It … a car.

e. Ann … a doctor.

f. Pete … happy.

g. The book … thin.

h. Nick … from London.

i. They … economists.

j. She … a young lady.

6. Read the text (ïðî÷èòàéòå òåêñò ).

Hello, my name is Pat. I am from France. I am a student of Russian at Moscow University. And this is my friend Nick. He is a student, too. He is from London. He is English. He is a good student. And these are Ann and Dan. They are from Canada.

Vocabulary (ñëîâà )

1. a friend – äðóã;

2. a student – ñòóäåíò;

3. this – ýòî, ýòîò; (åä.÷)

4. these – ýòè; (ìí.÷)

5. too – òîæå, òàê æå;

6. good – õîðîøèé.

7. Phrases to remember (çàïîìíèòå ñëîâîñî÷åòàíèÿ ).

  1. Hello! Hi! – Ïðèâåò!
  2. How do you do. – Çäðàâñòâóéòå.
  3. How are you? – Êàê äåëà? – I am fine. – Õîðîøî.
  4. Meet my friend. – Ïîçíàêîìüòåñü ñ ìîèì äðóãîì.
  5. My name is … – Ìåíÿ çîâóò …
  6. Glad to meet you. – Ðàä ïîçíàêîìèòüñÿ ñ Âàìè.
  7. Pleased to meet you. – Ïðèÿòíî ïîçíàêîìèòüñÿ.
  8. See you soon. – Äî ñêîðîãî (ñâèäàíèÿ).
  9. Good bye; Bye-bye; Bye. – Äî ñâèäàíèÿ; Ïîêà.
  10. Thank you. – Ñïàñèáî.
  11. You are welcome. – Ïîæàëóéñòà.

8. Make up dialogues (ñîñòàâüòå äèàëîã ).

UNIT 2

Grammar: Ìåñòîèìåíèÿ.

Âîïðîñèòåëüíûå âèäû ïðåäëîæåíèÿ.

TEXT

Toms family

I am Tom Brown. Tom is my first name and Brown is my surname. I am seventeen. I want to tell you a few words about my family. My family is large. I have got a mother, a father, a sister, a brother and a grandmother.

First of all some words about my parents. My mother is a teacher of English. She works at college. She likes her profession.

My father is a computer programmer. He is forty-six. My father knows all about new radio sets and likes to repair old ones.

My grandmother is a pensioner. She lives with us and helps to run the house. She is fond of knitting.

My sister Helen is twenty five. She is married and has a family of her own.

My brother Boris is eleven. He is a schoolboy. He wants to become a doctor.

I want to become a student. I’d like to learn foreign languages.

Vocabulary

  1. parents – ðîäèòåëè
  2. a pensioner – ïåíñèîíåð
  3. to run the house – âåñòè õîçÿéñòâî
  4. to knit – âÿçàòü
  5. to repair – ÷èíèòü, èñïðàâëÿòü
  6. own – ñîáñòâåííûé
  7. to be fond of smth. – óâëåêàòüñÿ ÷åì ëèáî
  8. first of all – â ïåðâóþ î÷åðåäü
  9. a few – íåñêîëüêî
  10. a mother = mummy, mum – ìàìà
  11. a father = dad, daddy – ïàïà
  12. a sister – ñåñòðà
  13. a brother – áðàò

1. Use (ïîñòàâüòå ): I, HE, SHE, IT, WE, YOU, THEY

  1. … am English.
  2. I have two books … are good.
  3. The book is not yellow … is grey.
  4. Are … a student?
  5. You and I are Russian, … are English.

2. Use (ïîñòàâüòå ): AM, ARE, IS, HAVE GOT, HAS GOT

  1. The cat … in the box.
  2. I … a student.
  3. Mr. Brown … a daughter.
  4. Nick … my good friend.
  5. She … a large family.

3. Use (ïîñòàâüòå ): MY, YOUR, HIS, HER, IT, OUR, THEIR

  1. Mary has got a new bag. … is very big.
  2. My friends have got a new car. … car is very nice.
  3. I have a small cat. … is very funny.
  4. We are French. … friends are English.
  5. My daughter has got a dog. … nose is long.

4. Use:

a. «to be» in the right form (ïîñòàâüòå «to be» â ïðàâèëüíóþ âðåìåííóþ ôîðìó ).

  1. My son … a student.
  2. His name … Nick.
  3. We … teachers.
  4. I … a doctor.
  5. My friends … engineers.
  6. They … good friends.
  7. His daughter … a little girl.
  8. She … three years old.
  9. She … a good student, … she not?
  10. What … your name? My name … Mary.

b. «have got» or «has got»?

  1. He … a large family.
  2. They … a very nice flat in Moscow.
  3. Peter … many friends at school.
  4. My mother … three children.
  5. I … two cousins, an aunt and an uncle.

5. Put all possible questions to the following sentences (ïîñòàâèòü ïðåäëîæåíèÿ â 4 âèäà âîïðîñèòåëüíûõ ôîðì ).

  1. she is my friend.
  2. Ann is from Canada.
  3. Pete is French.
  4. they are good students.
  5. he is in London.

6. Finish the following (çàêîí÷èòå ñëåäóþùèå ïðåäëîæåíèÿ).

  1. My mother’s sister is my … and her brother is my … .
  2. My wife’s mother is my .. and her father is my … .
  3. My wife’s sister is my … and my wife’s brother is my … .
  4. My mother has got a sister, her son is my mother’s … .
  5. My father has got a brother, his daughter is my father’s … .

Members of a family (÷ëåíû ñåìüè )

a mother – in – law – ò¸ùà, ñâåêðîâü.

a father – in – law – òåñòü, ñâåêîð

a sister – in – law – íåâåñòà, çîëîâêà

a brother – in – law – çÿòü, øóðèí, äåâåðü, ñâîÿê

an uncle – äÿäÿ

an aunt – ò¸òÿ

a cousin – êóçåí, äâîþðîäíûé áðàò (ñåñòðà)

a niece – ïëåìÿííèê

7. Put these questions into the correct order (ïîñòàâüòå ñëîâà â ïðàâèëüíîì ïîðÿäêå ).

Example: Is / name / your / what? - What’s your name?

a) married / you / are?

b) old / you / how / are?

c) your mother / old / how / is?

d) job / your / what / is?

e) your teacher / from Britain / is?

f) student / you / are / a?

g) the USA / you / are / from?

UNIT 3

Grammar: Present Simple Tense.

TEXT

My working day

On weekdays the alarm – clock wakes me up at 6.30 and my working day begins. I do my morning exercises. Then I go to the bathroom, take a warm shower, clean my teeth and shave. After that I go to my bedroom to get dressed.

Usually my mother makes breakfast for me. When I have breakfast, I listen to the latest news on the radio.

I leave the house at 7.30 and go to the nearest underground station. It takes me an hour and a half to get to work. I usually arrive at work at ten minutes to nine though my working day begins at 9 sharp.

I translate fax messages from English into Russian. Sometimes my boss wants me to write a letter to our business pertness abroad.

At 1 o’clock we have lunch. We usually have lunch in a small cafe. At 2 o’clock we come back to work. And we work ward till 5 o’clock.

I come home at about 7 o’clock in the evening.

My parents usually wait for me at home. We have dinner together. Then we sit in the living room drink tea watch TV or just talk.

Vocabulary

1. an alarm – clock – áóäèëüíèê

2. to do morning exercises – äåëàòü óòðåííþþ çàðÿäêó

3. to get dressed – îäåâàòüñÿ

4. to leave the house – óõîäèòü èç äîìà

5. it takes smb. one hour – òðåáóåòñÿ îäèí ÷àñ

to do smth. ñäåëàòü ÷òî-ëèáî

6. abroad – çà ãðàíèöåé

7. latest – ïîñëåäíèé

8. nearest – áëèæàéøèé

9. to translate – ïåðåâîäèòü

10. a fax message – ñîîáùåíèå ïî òåëåôîíó

11. hard – óñåðäíî, óñèëåííî

12. to wait – æäàòü

1. Fill in the blanks (çàïîëíèòü ïðîáåëû ïîäõîäÿùèìè ïî ñìûñëó ñëîâàìè).

a. On weekdays the … wakes me up at 8.30.

b. After that I go to my bedroom to … .

c. It … me an hour and a half to get to work.

d. When I have breakfast, I listen to … news on the radio.

e. I usually … work at ten minutes to nine.

f. Sometimes my boss … me to write a letter to our business … abroad.

2. Match the words and phrases (ñîñòàâüòå ñëîâîñî÷åòàíèÿ, ñîåäèíèâ êîëîíêè À è B).

A

1) listen to

2) it takes me

3) go to the bedroom

4) have lunch

5) arrive

6) work hard

B

a) in a small cafe

b) at work

c) till 5 o’clock

d) the latest news

e) an hour and a half

f) to get dressed


3. Full in the prepositions where necessary (âñòàâüòå ïðåäëîãè òàì , ãäå ýòî íåîáõîäèìî ).

a) I leave … the house at 7.30 and go … the nearest underground station.

b) We usually have lunch …a small cafe.

c) … 1 o’clock … the afternoon we have lunch.

d) My parents usually wait … me.

e) And we work hard … 5 o’clock.

f) Usually my mother makes breakfast … me.

4. Make the following sentences negative and interrogative (ïîñòàâüòå ïðåäëîæåíèÿ â îòðèöàòåëüíóþ è âîïðîñèòåëüíóþ ôîðìû) .

a) She works at college.

b) He washes his hands.

c) We often drink coffee together.

d) She writes letters.

e) Her parents usually wait for her.

5. Choose the correct variant out of four (âûáåðåòå ïðàâèëüíîå ñëîâî ).

1) Who … to go to our concert?


a) does want

b) do want

c) want

d) wants

2) How long … you to get to work?


a) does it take

b) it takes

c) do you take

d) take


3) When do I listen … text and dialogue?


a) in

b) on

c) at

d) to


4) She is away on business, …?


a) hasn’t she

b) isn’t she

c) is she

d) doesn’t she


5) At 1 o’clock we have lunch, …?


a) haven’t we

b) do we

c) isn’t it

d) don’t we


UNIT 4

Grammar: Present Progressive (Continuous).

TEXT

At the Russian delegation

This is Mr. Voronin. He is an engineer of the Ministry of trade. The engineers of the ministry often go to different countries to do business with foreign companies. Now Mr. Voronin is in London. He works at the Russian trade delegation.

Mr. Voronin is usually very busy. He has got much work to do every day. His office hours begin at 8:30. In the morning he looks through Russian and English newspapers and journals. He is interested in the latest political and business events.

During the day Mr. Voronin works on the computer, meets English businessmen and discusses with them prices for different goods, terms of payment, shipment and delivery. Sometimes he discusses business matters on the phone. Together with Russian inspectors he often goes to plants.

Vocabulary

1. trade – òîðãîâëÿ

2. the Russian trade delegation – ðîññèéñêîå òîðãïðåäñòâî

3. business – òîðãîâëÿ, äåëî, ðàáîòà

4. to do business – âåñòè òîðãîâëþ.

5. to discuss business – îáñóæäàòü äåëîâîé âîïðîñ.

6. office hours – ðàáî÷èé äåíü.

7. to look through – ïðîñìàòðèâàòü.

8. to be interested in smith – áûòü çàèíòåðåñîâàííûì â

÷åì-ëèáî

9. an event – ñîáûòèÿ

10. a price (for) – öåíà (íà)

11. the terms (of) – óñëîâèÿ.

12. payment – ïëàòåæ

13. shipment – îòãðóçêà

14. delivery – ïîñòàâêà

15. a matter – âîïðîñ

16. an inspector – ïðèåìùèê

17. a plant – çàâîä

18. equipment – îáîðóäîâàíèå

19. to make a contract – çàêëþ÷àòü êîíòðàêò

20. to make an appointment – íàçíà÷àòü âñòðå÷ó

for (some day) – íà êàêîé-ëèáî äåíü

at (o’clock) – íà êàêîé-ëèáî ÷àñ

with (smb.) – ñ êåì-ëèáî

21. catalogue (for) – êàòàëîã (íà)

22. a quotation – êîòèðîâêà

1. Open the brackets using the Present Progressive (Continuous) tense (îòêðîéòå ñêîáêè è óïîòðåáèòå ãëàãîëû â Present Progressive).

1) Where are our children? It’s quiet at home. – They (lie) on the carpet and (draw).

2) What you (do) now? I (look for) my key. I can’t open the door.

3) Listen! Somebody (sing) a lovely song.

4) Why you (put on) the coat? It’s sunny today.

5) Why you (cry)? Is something wrong?

6) I don’t speak any foreign languages, but I (learn) English now.

7) He (go) to speak to his parents.

8) I (meet) Liz tonight. She (come) from London.

9) Let’s go for a walk. It (not/rain) now.

2. Present Simple/Present Progressive (Continuous). Choose the correct variant (âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíûé âàðèàíò).

1) It (often/rain) in this part of the world.


a) is often raining

b) often rains


2) Take your umbrella. It (rain) cats and dogs.


a) rains

b) is raining


3) Granny is in the kitchen. She (make) apple-cake.


a) is making

b) makes


4) My wife (often/make) apple-cakes.


a) is often makes

b) often makes


5) I don’t know Spanish, but I (learn) it now.


a) am learning

b) learn


3. Present Simple / Present Progressive (Continuous).

( A) right – ïðàâèëüíî

( B) wrong – íå ïðàâèëüíî

In this case correct it (â ýòîì ñëó÷àå èñïðàâüòå ).

1) Tom is in his room. He plays the piano.

2) Jim is speaking five languages.

3) I’m looking for my glasses. Where are they?

1) My brother is smoking 20 cigarettes a day.

2) I am not understanding what he is speaking about

3) How much is it costing to send a letter to Paris?

4) My parents are never drinking strong coffee.

5) What are you thinking about?

6) The play is beginning at half past seven.

4. Insert preposition where necessary (âñòàâüòå ïðåäëîãè ).

1) The banks close … 7 o’clock … the evening.

2) He usually leaves home early … the morning.

3) The play begins … half past seven.

4) We arrive … London.

5) Bye, see you … Tuesday.

6) Bob is going to play tennis … next Sunday.

7) He lives … Chicago.

8) Let’s go … cinema.

9) Look … this photo.

10) He arrives … university … 9 sharp.

5. Insert pronouns in proper forms (âñòàâüòå ìåñòîèìå -íèÿ ).

1) She washes … hands and face.

2) Do you know that man? Yes, I know … .

3) That is his book. Give … to him.

4) Peter likes to eat. … breakfast is always big.

5) Look at them. … are playing like kids.

6) Are … a teacher? No, … am not.

7) Can … help …?

UNIT 5

Grammar: Present Perfect Tense.

TEXT

Meeting a businessman

Blake: Now Mr. Voronin how about our quotation and a catalogues? Have you looked through them?

Voronin: Sure. We’ve studied them closely. The new model of tools is certainly good.

Blake: Yes, it’s of high quality. We’ve just started producing the model and we’ve already received a lot of orders.

Voronin: Your tools meet our requirements and we are interested in buying them. Mr. Blake, have you seen our contract form?

Blake: Not yet.

Voronin: Would you like to look through it?

Blake: Yes, certainly.

Voronin: Here you are, Mr. Blake. Please study our terms and let’s meet again next Tuesday.

Blake: All right, Mr. Voronin. Good-bye for now.

Vocabulary

1. to study closely – èçó÷èòü âíèìàòåëüíî

2. high price – âûñîêàÿ öåíà

3. quality – êà÷åñòâî

4. to be of high quality – âûñîêîãî êà÷åñòâà

5. to produce – èçãîòîâëÿòü, ïðîèçâîäèòü

6. an order (for) – çàêàç (íà ÷òî-ëèáî)

7. a requirement – òðåáîâàíèÿ

8. to meet the – îòâå÷àòü ÷üèì-ëèáî

requirements (of) òðåáîâàíèÿì

9. to buy – ïîêóïàòü

10. a contract form – òèïîâîé êîíòðàêò

11. tools – èíñòðóìåíòû

1. Insert an exact word from the text (âñòàâüòå ïðàâèëüíûå ñëîâà , èñïîëüçóÿ òåêñò ).

1) How about our … and …?

2) We’ve … them … .

3) The new model of … is certainly good.

4) Your tools meet our … and we are … in buying them.

2. Make up words out of the following letters (ïîñòàâüòå áóêâû â ïðàâèëüíîì ïîðÿäêå ).


1) iscoly

2) aqlyuit

3) qeietsnrmure

4) dopurec

5) dreor


3. Put all possible questions to the following (ïîñòàâüòå ïðåäëîæåíèÿ â ÷åòûðå ôîðìû âîïðîñà ).

1) You have looked through them.

2) We’ve studied them closely.

3) We’ve already received a lot of orders.

4) They’ve just started producing the model.

5) You have seen our contract form.

4. Insert prepositions where necessary (âñòàâüòå ïðåäëîãè ).

1) Let’s meet again … next Tuesday.

2) I’d like to look … it.

3) We are interested … buying them.

4) We’ve received a lot … orders.

5) The new model … tools is certainly good.

5. Open the brackets using the Present Perfect tense (îòêðîéòå ñêîáêè , èñïîëüçóÿ Present Perfect).

1) I’m afraid. / I(forget) my book at home.

2) … the secretary (yet/come)?

3) … you (ever/be) to Italy?

4) Kelvin (already/leave for) Manchester.

5) I (not/see) Tom for ages.

6) … you (have) a holiday this year?

7) Alan (work) in the bank for a year.

8) They (already/inform) her about the accident.

UNIT 6

Grammar: Past Simple.

TEXT

Discussing contract terms

Mr. Blake studied the Buyer’s contract terms and on Tuesday he came to the Russian Trade Delegation to discuss it with Mr. Voronin.

Voronin: Good morning, Mr. Blake.

Blake: Good morning, Mr. Voronin.

Voronin: May I offer you a cup of coffee?

Blake: Yes, thank you. Well, Mr. Voronin, I think we can discuss business now. I'd like to clarify some details with you. How many machines would you like to buy?

Voronin: We can buy 40 machines.

Blake: And when do you require the goods?

Voronin: As soon as possible, say, in December.

Blake: In December? Let me see. I'm afraid, that's impossible. Our machines are selling very well, and we are heavy with or­ders. We can deliver only 15 units in December.

Voronin: And what about the other 25 units?

Blake: We can deliver them only in 6 months.

Voronin: All right. And how about the terms of delivery? I hope they suit you.

Blake: Yes, we agree to sell the goods FOB English port and we can accept payment for collection too.

Voronin: Fine. Now comes the question of price. I must say that your price is not attractive to us. Can you give us a 10% discount?

Blake: That's a bit difficult. The fact is our machines are in great demand at this price. However we can offer you a discount of 5% as we've been good part­ners for a long time.

Voronin: I think we can agree to a 5% discount. Could we meet tomorrow at 10 to sign the contract?

Blake: Yes, certainly. Good buy.

Voronin: Good buy. See you tomorrow.

Vocabulary

1. a buyer – ïîêóïàòåëü

2. a seller – ïðîäàâåö

3. can (could) – ìî÷ü, óìåòü, áûòü â ñîñòîÿíèè

4. to offer – ïðåäëàãàòü

5. to clarify – óòî÷íÿòü, âíîñèòü ÿñíîñòü

6. in detail – ïîäðîáíî

7. to require [ri’kwaiә] – òðåáîâàòü

8. as soon as possible – êàê ìîæíî ñêîðåå

9. to be heavy with orders – èìåòü ìíîãî çàêàçîâ

10. to deliver – ïîñòàâëÿòü

11. to suit – óñòðàèâàòü, ïîäõîäèòü

12. to agree (to smth). – ñîãëàñèòüñÿ íà ÷òî-ëèáî

(with smb). – ñîãëàñèòüñÿ ñ êåì-ëèáî

13. to accept – ïðèíèìàòü

14. payment for collection – ïëàòåæ â ôîðìå èíêàññî,

ïëàòåæ ïî ôàêñó

15. attractive – ïðèâëåêàòåëüíûé, ïðèåìëåìûé

16. a discount – ñêèäêà

17. the fact is – äåëî â òîì, ÷òî

18. a demand – ñïðîñ

19. however – îäíàêî

20. to sign – ïîäïèñûâàòü

1. Insert a word or a word combination from the text (âñòàâüòå ñëîâî èëè ñëîâîñî÷åòàíèå èç òåêñòà ).

1) I’d like to … some … with you.

2) Could we meet … at 10 … the contract?

3) I hope they … you.

4) I’m … that’s impossible.

5) And when do you … the goods?

6) We can … payment … too.

7) Can you give us a 10% ... ?

8) Let me ... .

9) As soon as ... .

10) Now comes the ... of price.

2. Make up words out of the letters (ñîñòàâüòå ñëîâà èç ïðåäëàãàåìûõ áóêâ ).

1) c e a c t p

2) e g a e r

3) t u s i

4) r e i d e y l

5) g s n i

3. Fill in the prepositions where necessary (âñòàâüòå ïðåäëîãè ).

1) I’d like … clarify some details ... you.

2) ... December.

3) We are heavy ... orders.

4) What about the other ... 25 machines?

5) How about the terms ... delivery?

4. Open the brackets using the Past Simple (ðàñêðîéòå ñêîáêè, ñòàâÿ ãëàãîëû â ïðàâèëüíîå âðåìÿ ).

1) I walked quickly because I (fell) cold.

2) It (take) him 2 hours to get to London.

3) My husband (speak) to his boss last week.

4) Yesterday Mr. Blake (drink) too much at the party.

5) Ten minutes ago I (hear) a strange noise.

6) I sleep well, but last night I (not / sleep) at all.

7) He (not / play) tennis yesterday.

8) They (live) in a small house last year.

9) It seemed impossible for him to win, but he (win).

10) My dad always goes to work by car, but last week he (go) to work on foot.

6. Present Perfect / Past Simple. Choose the correct variant (èñïîëüçóéòå ïðàâèëüíûé âàðèàíò ).

1) We (not / have) a holiday last year.

a) didn’t have

b) haven’t had

c) hadn’t have

  1. … it (stop) raining yet?

a) didn’t stop

b) is it stopped

c) has it stopped

  1. Don’t worry about your letter. I (send) it the day before yesterday.

a) sanded

b) have sent

c) sent

  1. I can’t find my umbrella. I think somebody (take) by mistake.

a) took

b) takes

c) has taken

  1. – Are you tired?

– Yes, a little. I (paint) the ceiling today.

a) have painted

b) painted

c) paint

UNIT 7

Grammar: Future Simple Tense.

TEXT

At the Airport

Heathrow Airport in London is a very large and busy place. Hundreds of planes land and take off and thousands of passengers get on and off planes at Heathrow every day. They fly to and from ninety countries. People usually make reservations for flights in advance, especially in summer time.

Voronin has been to London for a year and today he is going to fly back to Moscow. He has just arrived at Heathrow. He is speaking to a clerk at the check-in desk.

Voronin: Can I check in for the flight to Moscow here?

Clerk: Yes, sir. May I see your ticket and passport, please?

Voronin: Certainly. Here you are.

Clerk: Will you put your luggage on the scales? Oh, it's too heavy. You must pay an extra charge for overweight, I'm afraid.

Voronin: I'll take out a couple of the catalogues then.

Clerk: Can you put the luggage on the scales again, sir? It’s all right now. You may take your ticket and passport and here is your boarding pass.

Voronin: Thank you.

Vocabulary

1. hundred ['h۸ndrәd] – ñòî, ñîòíÿ

2. to land – ïðèçåìëÿòüñÿ,

ñîâåðøàòü ïîñàäêó

3. to take off – âûëåòàòü, îòïðàâëÿòüñÿ

4. a thousand (of) – òûñÿ÷à

5. a passenger – ïàññàæèð

6. to get on – ñàäèòüñÿ (íà ñàìîëåò, ïîåçä)

7. to get off – ñõîäèòü, âûõîäèòü

(èç òðàíñïîðòà)

8. a reservation (for) – ïðåäâàðèòåëüíûé çàêàç

9. a flight – ðåéñ, ïîëåò

10. in advance – çàðàíåå

11. to fly – ëåòåòü

12. back – îáðàòíî, íàçàä

13. to arrive – ïðèáûâàòü, ïðèõîäèòü

14. to check in – ðåãèñòðèðîâàòüñÿ

15. a check in desk – ìåñòî ðåãèñòðàöèè

16. luggage – áàãàæ

17. scales – âåñû

18. to pay (for) – ïëàòèòü

19. extra – äîïîëíèòåëüíûé (ñâåðõ íîðìû)

20. a charge [tʃa:dç] – öåíà, ïëàòà

21. to take out – âûíèìàòü

22. a couple (of) – ïàðà, äâà

23. then – òîãäà

24. a boarding pass – ïîñàäî÷íûé òàëîí

25. an information desk – ñïðàâî÷íîå áþðî

26. on time – âîâðåìÿ

(â òî÷íî íàçíà÷åííîå âðåìÿ)

27. in time – âîâðåìÿ (çàáëàãîâðåìåííî)

28. a delay [di’lei] – çàäåðæêà, îïîçäàíèå

29. a departure lounge – çàë äëÿ îòúåçæàþùèõ ïàññàæèðîâ

[di’pa:tʃә ’laundç]

30. to wait (for) – æäàòü

31. a duty-free shop – ìàãàçèí áåñïîøëèííîé òîðãîâëè

32. an announcement – îáúÿâëåíèå

[ә’naunsmәnt]

1. Put the questions to the following sentences (ïîñòàâüòå â âîïðîñèòåëüíóþ ôîðìó ñëåäóþùèå ïðåäëîæåíèÿ ).

1) People usually make reservations for flights in advance. (Who)

2) Hundreds of planes land and take off at Heathrow every day. (Special)

3) Voronin has been to London for a year. (Alternative)

4) He has just arrived at Heathrow. (General)

5) He is speaking to a clerk. (Tag)

2. Open the brackets using the Future Simple Tense (îòêðîéòå ñêîáêè , èñïîëüçóÿ âðåìÿ Future Simple).

1) I’m tired. I (go) to bed.

2) It’s late. I think I (take) a taxi.

3) ... I (answer) the question?

4) We don’t know their address. What (we / do)?

5) I’m afraid they (not / wait) for us.

6) Diana (come) to the party tomorrow?

7) We (not / book) the tickets in advance.

8) You (arrive) in Paris tomorrow evening.

3. Choose the correct variant (âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíûé âàðèàíò ).

  1. I can give Bob the message if I (see) him.

a) will see

b) see


  1. If I (hear) any news, I (phone) you.

a) will hear, will phone

b) will hear, phone

c) hear, will phone


  1. If the weather (be) fine tomorrow, we are going to have picnic.

a) is

b) will be


  1. Hurry up! If you (catch) a taxi, you (meet) Mary at the station.

a) catch, will meet

b) will catch, meet

c) will catch, will meet


  1. When I (arrive) in Manchester next week, I (phone) you.

a) will arrive, will phone

b) will arrive, phone

c) arrive, will phone

UNIT 8

Grammar: Past Perfect Tense.

TEXT

A: Going through passport control

Now Borisov is at Heathrow Airport in London. He is going through passport control.

Immigration officer: Could I see your passport, please?

Borisov: Here you are.

Immigration officer: What’s the purpose of your visit to London, sir?

Borisov: I am here on business.

Immigration officer: How long will you stay in London?

Borisov: For 3 weeks.

Immigration officer: Your passport is in order. Please go through the Customs over there.

Borisov: Thank you.

B: Going through the customs

Customs officer: How much luggages have you got?

Borisov: Just this suitcase.

Customs officer: Have you got any things to declare? I mean perfume, cigarettes, spirits?

Borisov: I’ve got two blocks of cigarettes.

Customs officer: You can have them duty-free.

Borisov: Shall I open the suitcase? I’ve got only my personal things in it.

Customs officer: No, that is not necessary, I’ll just mark it. Have a nice stay in Great Britain, sir.

C: At the hotel

Mr. Stanley: Good afternoon. I’m from Bond&Co. We have reserved accommodation for Mr. Borisov at your hotel.

Receptionist: Wait a minute, please I’ll check it. Yes. That’s right. A single room with a bathroom from today. The room is on the third floor, No 301.

Borisov: I hope the room is not noisy.

Receptionist: It’s very quiet .It doesn’t face the street. Now, sir, will you fill in the form please?

(Borisov fills in the form).

Receptionist: Thank you. Here is the key to your room. I’ll call the porter and he’ll take your luggage up to your room in the lift. I hope, you’ll enjoy your stay at our hotel, Mr. Borisov.

Vocabulary

1. to go through [θru:] – ïðîéòè ÷åðåç …

2. a purpose [’pә:pәs] (of) – öåëü, íàìåðåíèå

3. a visit (to) – âèçèò, ïîñåùåíèå (â)

4. (in) order [’o:dә] – (â) ïîðÿäêå, (â) èñïðàâíîñòè

5. (out of) order – íå â ïîðÿäêå, íåèñïðàâíûé

6. the customs – òàìîæíÿ

7. to go through the customs – ïðîéòè òàìîæåííûé äîñìîòð

8. a customs officer – òàìîæåííèê

9. to declare [di’klεә] – äåêëàðèðîâàòü

10. to be duty-free – íå ïîäëåæàòü

íàëîãîîáëîæåíèþ

11. an immigration officer – ñîòðóäíèê èììèãðàöèîííîé

ñëóæáû

12. a reception [ri’sepʃn] – ïðèåì

13. to fill in – çàïîëíÿòü

14. to fill in a form – çàïîëíÿòü áëàíê

15. a key (to) [ki:] – êëþ÷

16. mark [mλ:k] – îòìå÷àòü, äåëàòü îòìåòêè

17. to check [tʃek] – ïðîâåðÿòü

18. a porter [’po: tә] – ïîðòüå


WORD STUDY

1. Find in text opposites to the following (íàéäèòå â òåêñòå àíòîíèìè÷åñêèå çíà÷åíèÿ ).

a) on holiday

b) for a week

c) out of order

d) close

e) with a bathroom

f) on the first floor

g) is not quiet

h) a double room


GRAMMAR PRACTICE

2. Write 3 forms of the following verbs (íàïèøèòå òðè ôîðìû ñëåäóþùèõ ñëîâ ).


a) to make

b) to take

c) to spend

d) to see

e) to meet

f) to go

g) to have

h) to learn

i) to get

j) to buy

3. Open the brackets using Past Perfect Tense (îòêðîéòå ñêîáêè , èñïîëüçóÿ Past Perfect Tense).

1) Jill was afraid she (forget) her key at home, but she found it in her handbag.

2) Dad wasn’t at home when I came back. He (go) out twenty minutes before.

3) Peter saw an urgent message on his table. Somebody (leave) it the day before.

4) I apologized I (not/phone) her.

5) Mr. Jackson said that he (already/buy) everything for lunch.

4. Past Perfect / Past Simple. Choose the correct variant (âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíûé âàðèàíò ).

1) We were late. The meeting (start) an hour before.


a) started

b) had started


2) That morning she (dress), (phone) somebody, and went out.


a) dressed

b) had dressed

a) phoned

b) had phoned


3) That morning she went out after she (phone) somebody.


a) phoned

b) had phoned


4) He has tired because he (work) hard in the garden all day.


a) worked

b) had worked


5) After I (write) all my letters, I went to the kitchen to make coffee.


a) wrote

b) had written


6) He (already promise) to play football with his friends.


a) already promised

b) had already promised


5. Past Perfect / Present Perfect. Choose the correct variant (âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíûé âàðèàíò ).

1) Why are you looking so unhappy? – I … my purse.


a) have lost

b) had lost


2) Mother asked the children if they … some biscuits for tea.


a) has bought

b) had bought


3) Tell Tommy about these wonderful islands. He … about them.


a) has never heard

b) had never heard


4) I’m so happy to see you again. I … you since I left London.


a) haven’t seen

b) hadn’t seen


5) She said she … him since she left London.


a) hasn’t seen

b) hadn’t seen


UNIT 9

Grammar: Past Continuous Tense.

TEXT

Talking business

Rossimport is interested in buying pumps for a new shop of a large plant in Siberia [sai'biýria]. The shop is already under construction and the customers require the goods.

Urgently, as they must complete the construction of the shop by the end of the year, Mr. Borisov, a representative of Rossimport, who deals in this kind of equipment, got instructions to buy pumps from a British company. As soon as he arrived in London he contacted Bond & Co., a leading manufacturer of pumps. Mr. Stanley, the manager of the company, invited him to come to his office.

Vocabulary

1. a pump [ðλmp] – íàñîñ

2. a shop [ʃýð] – öåõ

3. to be under construction – ñòðîèòüñÿ

4. urgently [’ә:dçәntli] – ñðî÷íî

5. to complete [kәm'pliit] – çàêàí÷èâàòü

6. a representative [repri’zentәtiv] – ïðåäñòàâèòåëü

7. to deal [di:l] (in) – çàíèìàòüñÿ ÷åì-ëèáî

(with) – òîðãîâàòü ñ êåì-ëèáî

8. an instruction [in’strλkʃn] – èíñòðóêöèÿ

9. leading [’li:diŋ] – âåäóùèé

10. a manufacturer [’mænju’fæktʃәrә] – èçãîòîâèòåëü

11. to place an order (with) – ðàçìåùàòü çàêàç (ó)

12. immediate [i’mi:djýt] – ñðî÷íûé, íåìåäëåííûé

13. balance (of) – îñòàòîê

14. to contact – ñâÿçàòüñÿ

15. to ship – îòãðóæàòü

16. a lot – ïàðòèÿ (òîâàðà)

17. shipping facilities – òðàíñïîðòíûå ñðåäñòâà

18. to change for the better – èçìåíèòüñÿ ê ëó÷øåìó

WORD STUDY

1. Fill in the blanks with words or word-combinations from the text (âñòàâüòå ïðàâèëüíûå ñëîâà , èñïîëüçóÿ òåêñò ).

1) He … Bond & Co. A … … of pumps.

2) The customers require the goods… .

3) They must … the construction of the shop … … of the year.

4) The shop is already … …

5) He got … to buy pumps from a British company.

2. Put prepositions where necessary (âñòàâüòå ïðåäëîãè ).

1) Rossimport is interested … buying pumps.

2) They must complete the construction … The shop … the end … the year.

3) Who deals … this kind … equipment?

4) A large plant … Siberia.

5) Mr. Stanley, the manager … the company.

3. Put all possible questions to the following sentences (çàäàéòå âñå âîçìîæíûå âîïðîñû ê ñëåäóþùèì ïðåäëîæåíèÿì ).

1) The shop is already under construction.

2) Mr. Borisov is a representative of Rossimport.

3) Rossimport is interested in buying pumps for a new shop.

GRAMMAR PRACTICE

4. Open the brackets using Past Continuous Tense (îòêðîéòå ñêîáêè , èñïîëüçóÿ Past Continuous Tense).

1) When I arrived, Tom (lie) on the sofa and (speak) over the phone.

2) The police caught Dan when he (rob) a shop.

3) He couldn’t speak because he (die) of laugh.

4) What you (do) between one and two? – I (play) the piano and heard nothing.

5) When you rang me yesterday I (have) a bath.

6) I (sit) by the window when I heard the noise.

7) At six o’clock I (wait) for Jane at one station.

5. Past Continuous / Past Simple. Choose the correct variant (âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíûé âàðèàíò ).

1) Yesterday as I was walking down Cherry Lane, I (meet) Thomas, an old friend of mine.


a) met

b) was meeting


2) While my son (wait) for my call, somebody knocked at the door.


a) waited

b) was waiting


3) We (just talk) about him when he suddenly (come) in.


a) just talked

b) were just talking

a) came in

b) was coming in


4) Yesterday while Dad (shave), he (cut) himself slightly.


a) shaved

b) was shaving

a) cut

b) was cutting


UNIT 10

Grammar: Reported Speech.

TEXT

Discussing prices and terms of payment

After Mr. Stanley and Mr. Borisov had discussed the number of pumps, the time and the terms of delivery. They started discussing the price and the terms of payment.

Stanley: Good morning, Mr. Borisov.

Borisov: Good morning, Mr. Stanley.

Stanley: Happy to meet you again.

Borisov: The pleasure is mine. Let's get down to business. I'd like to start with the price. Mr. Stanley, I 'm sorry to say it is not accept­able to us. We think you have quoted a very high price.

Stanley: Oh, ... per unit is quite a reasonable price. As you know we have improved the model. And besides the price includes export packing.

Borisov: Yes, we know that. But we also know that the prices on the world market for this type of pumps are lower than yours.

Stanley: But the quality of our pumps is higher and we’ve delivered a lot of pumps to different countries of the world at this price.

Borisov: And still, Mr. Stanley, we find the price a bit high. I'd like to stress that it's our trial order with your company and if we are satisfied with our transaction you can expect repeat orders from us.

Stanley: Well, the only thing we can do is to give you a discount of 2% off the value of the contract.

Borisov: Fine. That settles the price problem.

Stanley: And how about the manner of payment? I hope payment by a Letter of Credit against shipping documents will suit you.

Borisov: Yes, it will.

Stanley: Good. You are to open a L/C with the Moscow Narodny Bank after our Notification of the Readiness of the goods for shipment.

Borisov: All right. One more thing, Mr. Stanley. Our people would like to visit your manufacturing plant, if it is possible.

Stanley: No problem. We can easily arrange it and I myself will take you there. We'll do our best to make your visit useful.

Borisov: Thank you, Mr. Stanley.

Stanley: Thank you, Mr. Borisov. We are looking forward to establishing good business relations with your company. You are welcome to our company any time.

Vocabulary

1. the pleasure is mine – ÿ òîæå, ìíå òîæå ïðèÿòíî

2. to be acceptable (to smb.) – áûòü ïðèåìëåìûì (êîìó-ëèáî)

3. to quote [kwout] – íàçíà÷àòü

4. per [pә:] – çà (øòóêó, åäèíèöó òîâàðà)

5. a unit ['ju:nit] – åäèíèöà (òîâàðà), øòóêà

6. the goods – òîâàð

7. packing ['pækiŋ] – óïàêîâêà

8. a market [m’a:kit] – ðûíîê

9. on the world market – íà ìèðîâîì ðûíêå

10. to stress – ïîä÷åðêèâàòü

11. trial ['traiәl] – ïðîáíûé

12. to be satisfied with – áûòü óäîâëåòâîðåííûì

13. repeat – ïîâòîðíûé

14. value (of) – ñòîèìîñòü

15. to settle – 1. ðåøèòü, äîãîâîðèòüñÿ

2. ðàçðåøàòü, óëàæèâàòü

16. a manner (of) – ñïîñîá

17. to open a Letter – îòêðûòü àêêðåäèòèâ

of Credit (with)

18. against – ïðîòèâ

19. against shipping documents – ïðîòèâ îòãðóçî÷íûõ

äîêóìåíòîâ

20. a Notification of the Readiness – óâåäîìëåíèå î ãîòîâíîñòè

of the goods for shipment òîâàða ê îòãðóçêå

21. a manufacturing plant – çàâîä-èçãîòîâèòåëü

22. to arrange [ә'reind3] – îðãàíèçîâàòü, óñòðîèòü

23. to establish [is'tæbliʃ] – óñòàíàâëèâàòü

24. relations [ri'leiʃnz] – îòíîøåíèÿ

25. to look forward to – ñ íåòåðïåíèåì æäàòü

26. to look forward to establish – ñòðåìèòüñÿ ê óñòàíîâëåíèþ

GRAMMAR PRACTICE

1. Reported speech. Choose the correct variant (âûáåðèòå ïðàâèëüíûé âàðèàíò ).

1) John sad: “I’m sorry to disturb you, Eliza”.

a) John told that he was sorry to disturb Eliz.

b) John told Eliza he was sorry to disturb her.

c) John said to Eliza he had been sorry to disturb her.

2) He said: “Where is Jill going?”

a) He asked where was Jill going.

b) He asked where Jill went.

c) He asked where Jill was going.

3) The doctor asked: “How do you feel?”

a) The doctor asked how did I feel.

b) The doctor asked how I felt.

c) The doctor asked how I had felt.

4) “Will you be free tomorrow?” Colin asked Richard.

a) Richard asked would Colin be free the next day.

b) Colin asked Richard if he would be free the following day.

c) Colin asked if Richard will be free tomorrow.

5) “Where is the nearest bus stop?” the old man asked to policeman.

a) The old man asked where was the nearest bus stop.

b) The old man asked a policeman where the nearest bus stop was.

c) The old man told a policeman where the nearest bus stop was.

6) The teacher said to us “Be quiet, please”.

a) The teacher asked us be quiet.

b) The teacher told us to be quiet.

c) The teacher said to us to be quiet.

7) Don’t swim too far, asked dad.

a) Dad asked him not to swim too far.

b) Dad asked him don’t swim too far.

c) Dad asked him if he wouldn’t swim too far.

2. Insert a proper preposition FOR, SINCE, AGO (âûáåðèòå ïðåäëîãè ).

1) Dad isn’t at home. He went to the work an hour ... .

2) Jill hasn’t been there ... three years.

3) They have lived there ... 1984.

4) They got that flat twelve years ... .

5) He has worked for this company ... April.

6) Two years ... Deny bought a car.

7) I phoned him two days ... .

3. Change the following sentences into indirect speech (èçìåíèòå ïðÿìóþ ðå÷ü â êîñâåííóþ ).

1) Jack told his father: “I’ve lost my notebook”.

2) Henry said to me: “I didn’t throw stones at your dog”.

3) He said: “I have eaten nothing for two days”.

4) Mary said: “I don’t want to wear my old dress”.

5) I said to my sister: “George has written me a long letter”.

4. Change the following sentences into direct speech (èçìåíèòå êîñâåííóþ ðå÷ü â ïðÿìóþ ).

1) The teacher told his students that he was going to give them a test.

2) I told him that I hadn’t seen his brother for a long time.

3) Henry told the teacher that he liked arithmetic, but he didn’t like algebra.

4) We told the teacher that we didn’t understand his question.

5) I told the taxi-driver that he was driving too fast.

6) She said that her children were playing in the garden.

5. Change the following sentences into indirect speech. Use « told» or « asked» (èçìåíèòå ïðÿìóþ ðå÷ü â êîñâåííóþ, èñïîëüçóÿ « told» èëè « asked»).

1) I said to Jack: “Please give me your dictionary”.

2) The teacher said to Tom: “Collect the exercise-books and put them on my table”.

3) I said to my friend: “Meet me outside the cinema at six o’clock”.

4) Mary’s mother said to her: “Don’t go out without your coat”.

5) The teacher said to the student: “Clean the blackboard, please”.

6. Change the following sentences into indirect speech (èçìåíèòå ïðÿìóþ ðå÷ü â êîñâåííóþ ).

1) Margaret asked Richard: “Where are you going for your holidays?’

2) Ann asked Mary: “What do you usually have for breakfast?”

3) The teacher asked Bob: “When did you learn to swim?”

4) Mary’s mother asked her: “Where have you put your shoes?”

5) I asked Bob: “Why didn’t you answer my letter?”

6) I asked “The old gentleman: “Are you feeling tired?”

7) The hotel manager asked the visitors: “Did you sleep well?”

8) A man stopped me in the street and asked: “Have you got a match?”

9) The teacher asked us: “Do you understand the question or not?”

10) He asked his secretary: “Do you want to be an engineer or doctor?”

UNIT 11

Grammar: The Sequence of Tenses.

TEXT

A visit to the plant

When Mr. Stanley and the Russian engineers arrived in Glasgow they hired a taxi to the Central Hotel where Mr. White, the production manager of the plant, had reserved accommodation for them.

At a quarter to 9 Mr. White's car picked them up at the hotel and took them to the plant. Mr. Stanley introduced Mr. Borisov and Mr. Kozin to Mr. White and told him that the Russian engineers wanted to see the production shops of the plant.

White: If you like I can show you round the whole plant, so that you can get a good idea of the range of our products.

Borisov: We’d be delighted to, if it doesn’t take too much of your time!

White: I'll be happy to help you and answer any of your queries. I'll lead the way.

(In the plant.)

White: This is the assembly shop and here you can see the finished products. We produce pumps of high capacity for different applications. Look, here is the latest model. We modified it last year.

Borisov: How does it compare with the previous model?

White: That's a good question. It's easier to operate and more reliable as compared with the previous model. Besides, its capacity is higher than the capacity of the pumps of other companies. We export this model to many countries of the world.

Stanley: I say, John, Mr. Borisov told me on our way here that he wanted to see your test department as well. Is it possible?

White: Yes, of course. We thoroughly test every pump and we've had very good reports from the customers both in our country and abroad. This is where we test our pumps. In fact they are starting a test. If you want to see the test we must go to the shop right now not to miss it.