Главная      Учебники - Разные     Лекции (разные) - часть 20

 

Поиск            

 

Рекомендации методические цели создания пособия: облегчить подготовку и проведение учителем уроков внеклассных мероприятий, элективных курсов по страноведческой тематике

 

             

Рекомендации методические цели создания пособия: облегчить подготовку и проведение учителем уроков внеклассных мероприятий, элективных курсов по страноведческой тематике

Муниципальная средняя общеобразовательная школа №34


(PUBLIC HOLIDAYS IN GREAT BRITAIN)

( В помощь учителю)

Составитель: Шенцова Е.Ф.,

к.п.н., учитель английского языка

МСОШ № 34 г. Нижневартовска

г. Нижневартовск 2008г.

List:

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ.. 3

BRITISH HOLYDAYS AND TRADITIONS. 5

PUBLIC HOLIDAYS IN GREAT BRITAIN.. 6

The New Year.. 8

Good Friday and Easter Monday.. 10

CHRISTMAS AND Boxing Day.. 11

СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ... 15


МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ

Цели создания пособия:

· облегчить подготовку и проведение учителем уроков внеклассных мероприятий, элективных курсов по страноведческой тематике;

· обеспечить возможность включения в учебный процесс ИКТ;

· повысить мотивацию к учению, посредством использования дополнительного страноведческого материала и связанных с ним мультимедийных информационных объектов;

· расширить возможности учителя в выборе материала и реализации средств и методов обучения;

· предложить ориентиры в поиске необходимого материала, сократить время подготовки мероприятия (урока) помочь сделать урок информационно и эмоционально насыщенным;

· создать условия необходимые для реализации принципов личностно-ориентированного обучения и направленности на развитие ментальных черт личности учащегося;

· предоставить возможность для организации самостоятельной творческой и исследовательской деятельности учащихся;

· оказать помощь в реализации индивидуального творческого потенциала учащихся, инициативы в поиске и присвоении личностных смыслов и ценностей;

· способствовать расширению диапазона форм организации учебного процесса (от традиционно-урочной, до проектной и дистанционной);

· . внести посильный вклад в создание методической копилки.

Наличие широкого спектра тематического материала, который может быть преобразован в информационные объекты, дает учителю возможность представить учащимся изучаемое явление или процесс во всем многообразии его проявлений и свойств, а также более четко и точно определить их место и значение в системе окружающих нас реалий.

Данное пособие удобно для развития навыков работы с большим объемом информации, даёт возможность сочетать предметное содержание государственного стандарта общего образования и дополнительную информацию культуроведческого характера. Представленный в данном пособии материал может быть использован при работе с различными учебниками английского языка для средних школ, при изучении материала по страноведческой тематике, а также при подготовке внеклассных мероприятий, связанных с историей, культурой и традициями Великобритании. Пособие разработано на базе обширного страноведческого материала в соответствии с требованиями, предъявляемыми к образованию, развитию и воспитанию учащихся, на современном этапе и соответствует обязательному минимуму содержания среднего общего образования по предмету, рекомендованному Министерством образования Российской Федерации.

При создании данного пособия мы использовали следующие принципы:

1. Аутентичности текстов и информационных единиц;

2. Стимуляции осознанной самостоятельной коммуникативной деятельности;

3. Презентативности материала, обращенности к эстетической и эмоциональной сфере личности.

4. Разноплановости и разноуровневости (* повышенная сложность) заданий для контроля усвоения знаний, умений и навыков (тестов, таблиц, самостоятельных работ, кроссвордов с ответами).

5. Учёта личностных и психолого-педагогических характеристик учащихся;

6. Оптимизации дидактической составляющей учебно-воспитательного процесса;

7. Широкого применения тематической наглядности, позволяющей облегчить усвоение изучаемого материала;

8. Актуализации умений и навыков самостоятельной работы по поиску и анализу информации.

Оборудование необходимое для работы с данным пособием:

1. Раздаточный материал;

2. Плакаты, тематическая наглядность;

3. *Компьютер;

4. *Проектор, экран;

5. *Презентация, включающая картинки, тесты и др. И.О..

*- дополнительное оборудование
BRITISH HOLYDAYS AND TRADITIONS

I. Read the story Holidays

In fact there have always been holidays — in ancient Rome there were more than 150 a year — but a holiday used to mean simply a day when you didn't work. Now holidaymakers travel to all parts of the world. Perhaps you don't like so many tourists in your country, but you must agree that a phenomenon which sees a population of Greece treble in summer, and which sends office workers and shop assistants, teachers and students to different countries is a wonder of the world.

II. Which of these statements are true according" to the text?

1. A holiday used to mean a day when you didn't work.

2. In ancient Rome there were more than 150 thousand holiday-makers a year.

3. Perhaps Greeks don't like to see so many tourists in their country.

4. A phenomenon, which allows you to see the world, is a modern wonder.

I. Read the story Traditions

Every country has its traditions, they make a nation special. In England traditions play a very important part in the life of the people. Englishmen are proud of their traditions and have kept them up for hundreds of years. On Sundays theatres and shops are closed, people do not get letters and newspapers. Very few trams and buses run in the streets of London on Sundays.

In English homes the fire-place has always been the centre of interest in the room. For many months of the year people like to sit round the fire in the evening. Above the fire-place there is a shelf on which there are flowers, a clock and some family photographs.

Some of them are old-fashioned and few people remember them, others are part of people's life. The most part of traditions and traditional celebrations are connected with different historical events or have ancient roots. Traditions can be old or new but still they are observed. Some customs don't have deep roots but they are loved by the British.

I. Which of these statements are true according" to the text?

1. Some of traditions are old-fashioned but all people remember them.

2. Traditions and traditional celebrations have ancient roots.

3. Only old traditions are observed.

4. Customs have deep roots but they are not loved by the British.

PUBLIC HOLIDAYS IN GREAT BRITAIN

III. Read the story.

BANK HOLIDAYS AND special festivals in Great Britain.

There are fewer public holidays in Great Britain than in other European countries. This holidays which are establish by the Parliament. They are days on which banks close as well as most of the offices and shops are closed and business is suspended.

Seven times a year the offices and banks in England are closed or a Monday and no one works in them on these days. These public holidays are known as Bank Holidays. No business houses and factories are open on these days.

Bank holidays in England are New Year's Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, May Day (first Monday in May), Spring Holiday (last Monday in May), Summer Holiday (fourth Monday in August), Christmas Day, and Boxing Day (December 26).

On Bank Holidays Londoners like to go out of the city into thi open air. They go to the seaside or to one of the big parks. Man] families take a basket and put their lunch or tea in it. The; will sit on the grass under a tree, have their meal in the open air Good weather is very important. A wet Bank Holiday gives little pleasure.

Londoners often visit the Zoo where they can see many interesting animals from different countries. But many of them go with their families to Hampstead Heath. This is a large piece of open land near London where there is a fair on some of the Bank Holidays. Then are a lot of interesting things for children and young people at these fairs—merry-go-rounds, swings and many little shops which sell pa per hats with the words "Kiss Me Quick", coloured balloons, cake and sweets.

An important moment at the fair is the coming of the Pearly King and Queens. These are men and women who have sewed pearl button all over their dresses and suits. And their hats also have many pear buttons over them. Those people who have the most beautiful costumes are named Pearly King and Queen for one year.

Besides public holidays, there are some special festivals in Great Britain. One of them takes place on the 5th of November. On that day, in 1605, Guy Fawkes tried to blow up the Houses of Parliament and kill King James I. He didn't succeed. The King's men found the bomb, took Guy Fawkes to the Tower and cut off his head.

Since that day the British celebrate the 5th of November. They burn a dummy, made of straw and old clothes, in a bonfire and let off fireworks. This dummy is called a "guy" (like Guy Fawkes).

charities — благотворительные нужды; carol — рождественский гимн, песня религиозного содержания, славящая рождение Христа; chimney — труба; turkey — индейка; festival — праздник; to blow up — взорвать; to succeed — достигнуть цели; dummy — чучело; bonfire — костер; to let off firework — устраивать фейерверк

IV. Answer the questions:

· How many Bank Holidays are there in England?

· What is a "bank holiday"?

· What is the most popular holiday in Britain?

· When is Guy Fawkes Night celebrated?

· What do you know about Guy Fawkes?

· Where do the English people like to go on Bank Holidays?

· What is Hampstead Heath and why do Londoners go there?

· Who are the Pearly Kings and Queens?

· What costumes do the characters wear?

· Who was Maid Marian?

· When do the dancers end their dance?

V. Which of these statements are true according" to the text?

1. There are more public holidays in Great Britain than in other European countries.

2. Public holidays are called bank holidays, because the banks, as the offices and shops are closed.

3. The most favourite holiday is New Year's Day.

4. The fun finishes the night before, on the 24th of December.

5. On the 26th of December, they celebrate Boxing Day.

6. New Year's Day is as popular in Britain as Christmas.

7. Hogmanay is New Years Eve is the biggest festival of the year in Scotland.

8. There are some special festivals in Great Britain.

9. One of the public holidays takes place on the 5th of November.

10. The British call the 5th of November the Guy Fawkes Day or Night of Fireworks.

VI. *Tell your pen-friend how do you celebrate the New Year in your country?

VII. Portfolio: Write a paragraph about the New Year in your country. Include:

• Name of festival • date • reason • activities • food • any other special traditions involved


Sure, you know more or less about British traditions and celebrations, but there are some things that you haven't heard about.

The New Year

VIII. Read the story.

In England the New Year is not so popular as in our country, ilmost nobody celebrates New Year's Day in the South of England, people go to bed at the same time as usual on New Year's Eve. But in some parts in the North and in Scotland it is a great holiday. Hogmanay, New Years Eve is the biggest festival of the year.

Because of in Britain the New Year is not as widely celebrated as Christmas, some people ignore it completely and go to bed at usual time. Others, however, do celebrate it in one way or another. The most common type of celebration is a New Year party.

How do English people celebrate the New Year? Well, usually there is a New Year party, either a family party r one held by some young people. This usually begins at eight 'clock in the evening and ends in the early hours of the morning. Another popular way of celebrating the New Year is to go to New Year's dance. Many hotels and dance halls hold a dance on New Year's Eve. The hall is decorated, there is much music and everybody is very happy. The most famous celebration is in the centre of London where people gather and sing.

The 1st of January, New Year's Day, is now a holiday, people о not go to work. They send New Year postcards and some people ive presents to each other.

New Year's Day is the time for making New Year resolutions, decide to do or stop doing something in the new year. For example, lary Smith's New Year resolution, as she writes in her letter to a iend, is not to talk at the lessons any more.

There is a funny tradition connected with the New Year: the First Foot. This is the first visitor to enter a house on New Year's morning. He is a person of great importance. The First Foot must be a man because it is believed that if a woman first sets foot in the house, bad luck will follow throughout the year. He may be a chance caller or a person who comes on purpose (с целью) to let the New Year into the house and bring good luck to the family. Traditionally, the first visitor of the year must carry food, drink and coal into the house. Coal helps to make a fire in midwinter and there shall never be lack of food and drink during the coming year.

New Year ' s Eve [i:v] — вечер накануне Нового года;

resolution [,rez3'lu:Jn] — решение (что-либо делать);

on purpose - с целью.

IX. *Read and speak about the way you celebrated the New Year using the questions as a plan:

· What kind of New Year party did you have at school?

· Did you help to prepare it?

· Did you enjoy yourself at the party? What did you like?

· Did you have a family party on New Year's Eve?

· How many people were at the party?

· What did you wish each other at 12 o'clock?

· How long did you watch the New Year concert on TV?

X. Answer the questions:

· If New Year parties are as popular as Christmas ones?

· What is the name of New Year's Eve in Scotland?

· Is the First Foot a proper name?

· Who receives the name "the First Foot"?

· What super­stitions (предрассудки) do British people have?

· Do the Russians have a similar tradition?

XI. *Tell your pen-friend how do you celebrate the New Year in your country?

XII. Portfolio: Write a paragraph about the New Year in your country. Include:

• Name of festival • date • reason • activities • food • any other special traditions involved

Good Friday and Easter Monday

I. Read the text.

Easter is the most important Christian holiday. By tradition it is associated with EASTER EGGS and with arrival of spring. The majority of churches are decorated before Easter service colors. In many cities national festivals and fairs are held There are a lot of different entertainments in this day, for example, driving on roundabouts, knocking down by a sphere of subjects, riding a mechanical horse. Flower processions pass along the streets. At the end of the day Princess of Easter is chosen.

People in England celebrate Easter every spring. Easter lasts for a three most important days are Maundy Thursday, Good Friday week. The and Easter Sunday.

On Maundy Thursday, the king or queen of England gives money to poor people. This tradition is very old. On Good Friday, people eat fish instead of meat. They also eat special hot cakes with a cross on the top. They call these cakes hot cross buns. On Easter Sunday, people eat a traditional roast dinner with lamb, potatoes and vegetables. They also give each other chocolate Easter eggs.

Easter is fun for children. They often decorate real eggs in pretty colours or make colourful hats, called Easter bonnets. They can also have an Easter egg hunt outside. Parents hide Easter eggs in their gardens and the children try to find as many as they can and put them in their Easter basket. People tell their children that the Easter Bunny brings the eggs! Bunnies, or rabbits, are symbols of spring. Easter is a wonderful celebration. It is lots of fun for all the family.

II. Read again and find: • seven food items. • the name of a game • the name of an animal related to Easter.

III. *Tell your pen-friend how do you celebrate Easter in your country?

IV. Portfolio: Write a paragraph about this holyday in your country. Include:

• name of place • name of festival • date • reason • activities • any other special traditions involved

CHRISTMAS AND Boxing Day

I. Read the story.

The most favourite holiday is Christmas. Every year the people (if Norway give the city of London a present. It's a big Christmas tree and it stands in the Trafalgar Square.

Before Christmas, gr6ups of singers go from house to house. They collect money for charities' and sing carols, traditional Christmas songs Many churches hold a service on the Sunday before Christmas.

The fun starts the night before, on the 24th of December. Traditionally this is the day when people decorate their trees. Children hang stockings at their beds, hoping that Father Christmas will come down the chimney during the night and fill them with toys and sweets.

Christmas is a family holiday. All the family usually meet for the big Christmas dinner of turkey and Christmas pudding. And everyone gives and receives presents. The 26th of December, Boxing Day, is an extra holiday after Christmas. It's the time to visit friends and relatives. This day postmen and servants receive their presents in the boxes.

If you try to catch a train on 24th of December you may have difficulty in finding a seat. This is the day when many people are traveling home to be with their families on Christmas Day, 25th December. For most British families, this is the most important festival of the year, it combines the Christian celebration of the birth of Christ with the traditional festivities of winter.

On the Sunday before Christmas many churches hold a carol service where special hymns are sung. Sometimes carol-singers can be heard on the streets as they collect money for charity. People are reminded of Charles Dickens' story "Christmas Carol". Most families decorate their houses with brightly-coloured paper or holly, and they usually have a Christmas tree in the corner of the front room, glittering with coloured lights and decorations.

There are a lot of traditions connected with Christmas but perhaps the most important one is the giving of presents. Family members wrap up their gifts and leave them at the bottom of the Christmas tree to be found on Christmas morning. Children leave a long sock or stocking at the end of their beds on Christmas Eve, 24th December, hoping that Father Christmas will come down the chimney during the night and bring them small presents, fruit and nuts. They are usually not

disappointed! At some time on Christmas Day the family will sit down to a big turkey dinner followed by Christmas pudding. They will probably pull a cracker with another member of the family. It will make a loud crack and a coloured hat, small toy and joke will fall out!

Later in the afternoon they may watch the Queen on television as she delivers her traditional Christmas message to the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth. If they have room for even more food they may enjoy a piece of Christmas cake or eat a hot mince pie. 26th December is also a public holiday, Boxing Day, and this is the time to visit friends and relatives or watch football.

II. Answer the questions:

· When is Christmas celebrated?

· What are traditional Christmas songs called in Britain?

· What do children leave at the foot of their beds and why?

· What kind of holiday is Christmas?

· Do British people try to be together with their families on that day?

· In what way do children receive their Christmas presents?

· What do people of Great Britain usually have for Christmas dinner?

· Whose speech do people of the UK have an opportunity to listen to?

III. Find in the text the words which help to understand
the main idea of the celebrations devoted to Christmas.

IV. *Speak about this holiday in Russia. (Do it in pairs.)

V. Do you know what the difference between the New Year holiday and Christmas is? And I thought that maybe you didn't know it either (тоже не знаешь ). Read the one more story about Christmas.

Christmas is one of the most popular English holidays. It is celebrated on the 25th of December. In Britain this day was a festival long before Christianity [,knsti'aeniti] was introduced. The ancient Angles began the year on that day. And the night was called "mother's night". Later this day became a Christian religious holiday — the birthday of Christ.

Nowadays this holiday is not purely religious. On Christmas Eve all the people hurry home to spend the evening in the family. It's a time for eating, drinking and making merry. Just like our New Year

party. People exchange presents, send each other Christ­mas cards with pictures of Santa Claus, Christmas robins, branches of holly with red berries.

Christmas with its tradition of giving presents is the most expensive festival of the year. There are big Christmas trees everywhere, especially in shops, and Santa Clauses ringing their bells, greeting people and inviting them to shops to gold bells, greeting people and inviting them to shops to buy presents.

On Christmas morning children find presents from Santa Claus in stockings specially prepared for them.

In small towns and villages carol singers walk from house to house singing, dancing and collecting money for the poor.

The Christmas pantomime ['paentomaim] is another tradition at the festival. Last but not least: wishes. For example: "Wishing You a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year!"

to celebrate [selibreit] — праздновать;

long before Christianity was introduced—задолго до введения христианства;

Christ [kraist] —Хрис­тос;

Christmas Eve [iv] —канун Рождества;

robin [' robin ] —мали­новка, зарянка;

holly — остролист;

Last but not least — Последнее по порядку, но не по значимости

VI. Well, these two holidays are very much alike (во многом похожи, одинаковы), aren't they? But they are different at the same time (в то же время), aren't they?

VII. * Do you know anything like carol f singing in Sla­vonic traditions?

VIII. Choose correct variant:

1 The tradition of putting up a tree at Christmas is from:
A Germany В Finland

2 In North America, children put stockings out at Christmas time. Children in the Netherlands use:

A Old hats B shoes

3 The poinsettia, a traditional Christmas flower, comes from:
A Canada В Mexico

4 Which name does NOT belong to one of Santa's reindeers?
A Klaxon В Blitzen

5 In Syria, Christmas gifts are brought by:

A. Father. Christmas В one of the Wise Men's camels

6 According to English tradition, Santa Claus lives at
A the South Pole В the North Pole

7 Who isn't one of the Three Kings?

A Baleus В Gaspar

8 At Christmas, tradition says to kiss under the:
A poinsettia В mistletoe

9 Who is the author of A Christmas Carol?

A Mark Twain В Charles Dickens

10 How many reindeer has Santa got?
A ten В eight

IX. * Send an e-mail to Santa asking for your Christmas present! Write your e-mail at http://www.northpolar.com (Ask Santa)

X. Portfolio: Write a paragraph about Christmas in your country. Include:

• name of festival • date • reason • activities • special food • gifts • any other special traditions involved

XI. *Look at the song, learn it.

Jingle Bells

Dashing through the snow in a one-horse open sleigh,

Over the fields we go laughing all the way.

The bells on bob tail ring making spirits bright

What fun it is to ride and sing a sleighing song tonight.

Chorus

Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way!

Oh what fun it is to ride in a one horse open sleigh.

Jingle bells, jingle bells, jingle all the way!

Oh what fun it is to ride in a one horse open sleigh.

СПИСОК ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

  1. Гальскова Н.Д. Современная методика обучения иностранным языкам. Москва, «АРКТИ-ГЛОССА», 2000;
  2. Лингвострановедческий справочник «Города и графства». Москва, «Просвещение», 2001;
  3. Лингвострановедческий справочник «Страны Соединённого Королевства». Москва, «Просвещение», 2001;
  4. Настольная книга преподавателя иностранного языка. Справочное пособие. Минск, 1998;
  5. Окно в мир. Великобритания. Москва, «ЭКОМ-ПРЕСС», 1997;
  6. По странам изучаемого языка. Английский язык. Справочные материалы. Москва, «Просвещение», 1998;
  7. Путеводитель по Великобритании. Москва, «ЭКОМ-ПРЕСС», 1997;
  8. Hopkins A., Potter J. “Look ahead -1” Class room course. Student’s book. Essex, “Longman”, 1998;
  9. Hopkins A., Potter J. “Look ahead -1” Class room course. Workbook. Essex, “Longman”, 1998;
  10. Jenny Dooley-Virginia Evans “Blockbuster-1”, Student’s book, EU, “Express Publishing”, 2005;
  11. Jenny Dooley-Virginia Evans “Blockbuster-2”, Student’s book, EU, “Express Publishing”, 2006;
  12. Virginia Evans, Jenny Dooley, Bob Obee, Olga Afanasyeva, Irina Mikheeva “Spotlight -10”, Student’s book, “Express Publishing”, 2007 .
  13.