Главная Учебники - Языковедение Лекции (языковедение) - часть 1
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АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
1
Translate from English: A
contract implied in law is one in which an obligation is imposed
upon a person, irrespective or even in violation of his intention
to enter into a contract.
Translate from
Russian: Для
служащих их
трудовой коллектив
является основным
источником
социального
взаимодействия.
Коммуникация,
которая имеет
место внутри
коллектива,
обеспечивает
выход, выражение
эмоций и удовлетворение
социальных
потребностей.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What is the role of marketing research in business? Does it
contribute to developing business or not?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: The manager … (to
work) at the report for two hours when the employees of the firm
came.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
Do you know that ... sun is, in round numbers, 92.000.000 miles
aways from ... Earth.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: Let’s have a look
... the diary, what are the engagements ... today.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: In
all countries consumers always compete against producers and
traders.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
Last year the competitive company extended the production of
video-players.
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
2
Translate from English: A
contract may be binding upon one party to the contract and not upon
the other. Written contracts are mot always more binding than oral
contracts.
Translate from
Russian: Покупательная
способность
- это то, что
отделяет случайны
наблюдателей
от серьезных
клиентов. Любой
рынок нуждается
в достаточном
количестве
последних,
чтобы гарантировать
производство
товаров.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What kind of society is Russia building now, in your opinion?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s)
in brackets: By December of next year
the students of the University … (to learn) English for
three years.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
In Russia the legislative power is exercised by ... Federal
Assembly consisting of two Chambers: ... Council of Federation and
... State Duma.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: I didn’t spend a
single penny ... building a new country cottage; it was built ...
the expense of my father’s money.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: Economic
theory helps is understand how the world works.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
Specialists are now classifying insurance by major categories:
life, health and property-liability.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
3
Translate from English: A
contract is a legally enforceable agreement between two or more
parties regarding a specified act or thing.
Translate from
Russian: Товарная
стратегия
включает в
себя решения
относительно
видов, ярлыков,
торговых марок,
упаковки,
сертификатов,
гарантий,
разработки
нового товара
и цикла жизни
товара.
Provide the correct Russian
and English equivalents:
Answer the question:
Who owns the factors of production in capitalism?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: Terrestrial civilization …
(not to survive) if the way of thinking doesn't change.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
… Great lakes on the border with … Canada are the
largest and the deepest in ... USA.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: Commincation is ... great
importance ... organizational structure.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: New
legislation in Britain usually starts in the House of Lords.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
My friend had mortgaged all his property to get the required amount
of money.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
4
Translate from English: All
contracts which are illegal or contrary to public policy are void.
At common law they are contracts to commit crimes or civil wrongs,
contracts directed against the welfare of friendly states,
contracts involving unmorality, contracts tending to promote
corruption in public life and some others.
Translate from
Russian: Существуют
два основных
раздела экономической
теории: микроэкономика
и макроэкономика.
Микроэкономика
исследует
решения, которые
принимают
отдельные
предприятия
и потребители,
а макроэкономика
имеет дело с
функционированием
экономического
комплекса
всей страны.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
Insurance is a major social institution which is essential to the
functioning of any economy. Why do they call it so?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: The secretary … (to
type) a business letter for 30 minutes already.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
The USA is a presidential republic, the President of the country
must be … natural citizen and … civilian.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: The Federal Assembly of
the Russian Federation consists ... two chambers: the Counsil of
Federation and the State Duma. Each of them is headed ... the
speaker.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate:
Barristers defend or prosecute in the higher courts.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
A total market must satisfy smaller, more homogeneous target
markers.
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
5
Translate from English: A
contract of bailment arises when the owner of goods (the bailer)
entrusts possession of them into the care of another (the bailee).
Hiring is a particular example of a contract of bailment.
Translate from
Russian: При
коммунизме
факторы производства
находятся под
контролем
правительства
и все решения
о производстве,
распределении,
потреблении
и предпринимательской
деятельности
принимаются
правительством.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What problems is Contract law concerned with? What is its role in
business?
Use the right
form(s) of the verb(s) in brackets:
The members of the Federal Assembly of Russia … (to elect)
by the people for four years.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
Russia is one of ... largest countries in the world; its vast
territory lies in the eastern part of ... Europe and the northern
part of ... Asia.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: We have just placed a big
order ... the goods with this firm; they have agreed ... a 3%
discount.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate:
Commercial banks will not lend money to companies that have no
experience in business.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
The company is now distributing “Preference shares”
among its members.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
6
Translate from English: The
first requisite of any contract is an agreement. At least two
parties are required: one of them, the offerer, makes an offer
which the other, offeree, accepts.
Translate from
Russian: При
капитализме,
или как его
сейчас называют,
системе частного
предпринимательства,
факторы производства
находятся в
частных руках,
а экономические
решения принимаются
свободно, согласно
рыночным законам
спроса и предложения.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What problems does normative economics study and for what purposes?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: No students … (to
pass) the exam in civil law yet.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
... deep break is now between ... old and ... young and this factor
cannot but influence the development of events in our country.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: ... capitalism industry
and individuals use resources as they choose, ... communism nearly
all resources are owned ... the govern ment.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: Many
business people realize now that there is strength in number.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
The contract purchased by the employer will provide health care to
employees and their families.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
7
Translate from English: The
contract may come to an end and the parties discharged from their
contractual obligations in the following ways: by breach and
performance. But a breach of a term doesn't automatically terminate
the contract.
Translate from
Russian: Промышленный
рынок состоит
из государственных
и частных фирм,
которые покупают
товары для
использования
либо в производстве,
либо для изготовления
других товаров.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What types of modern economic systems do you know? Please, name
them.
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: My friend's father worries
much about his son … (to study) at the University, he is not
… (to satisfy) with his present marks.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
... economics has deep roots in and close ties to ... social
philosophy.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: The centre of New York,
Manhattan Island, was bought ... the Indians ... a handful of
trinkets that cost twenty-four dollars.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: In a
capitalist system individuals accumulate savings and invest them in
the tools of production.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
All companies were looking for new markets for their goods last
winter.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
8
Translate from English: A
contract which possesses all basic elements is said to be valid.
The absence of an essential element will render the contract either
void, avoidable or unenforceable.
Translate from
Russian: Корпорация
- это вид искусственно
образованного
юридического
лица с правом
выступать в
суде в качестве
истца или
ответчика.
Она может состоять
из одного или
нескольких
лиц, но в каждом
случае у нее
есть правовой
статус в отличие
от этих лиц.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What Institution controls the stability of the national currency in
Russia? What other functions does it perform?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: There used … (to be)
a big plant in this street but it was knocked down.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
Wholesale and retail dealers stand between ... producer or the
industry and ... consumer.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: Most newspapers in Britain
belong ... financial groups. They do not belong ... the government
or political parties.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate:
Enterpreneurship consists of risking the loss of money and time in
the hope of making a profit.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
Our trade partner has already received our annotation for the
ordered electronic equipment.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
9
Translate from English: An
offer is a proposal made by the offerer with a promise to be bound
by that proposal if the offeree accepts the stated terms. An offer
can end in a number of ways: by acceptance of the offer, by
rejection of the offer, by revocation before acceptance, if it
lapses etc.
Translate from
Russian: Ценовая
стратегия
занимается
установлением
цен на товары,
которые могут
принести прибыль.
Решения по
ценам зависят
от того, как
реагирует
искомый рынок
на низкую и
высокую цену.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the
question: What criteria are applied
in judging economic outcomes in this or that country? Name them.
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: The money … (to
spend) for social services creates more demand for the goods …
(to produce) by businesses.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
Russia borders on many countries, such as ... Mongolia and ...
China in the south-east, ... Finland and Norway in the north-west.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: The land of Russia varies
... thick forests ... barren deserts, ... high picked mountains ...
deep valleys.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: A lot
of young people are practising martial arts in our country.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
The insurance companies throughout the world employ more than 20
million people.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
10
Translate from English: The
text of any international commercial contract usually begins with a
preamble in which juridical names of the parties drafting a
contract are given.
Translate from
Russian: В
условиях системы
частного
предпринимательства
люди конкурируют
друг с другом.
Конкуренция
вместе с прибылью
является
краеугольным
камнем этой
системы.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What is an economic system? What distinguishes one system from
another?
Use the right
form(s) of the verb(s) in brackets:
Any businessman needs to speak to other people and he can do it by
… (to use) the telephone.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
Great Britain lies on … Atlantic coast of Western Europe,
separated from … France by only 21 miles of water.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: Organizing is an
operational managerial function which depends heavily ... the
coordinated effort ... an entire organization.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: This
bank had gone bankrupt a long ago after making a big loan to the
small businesses.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
Many people believe in Doomsday’s approaching.
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
11
Translate from English: contract
law is a branch of civil law. It is important because it affects
most aspects of any business operation. It is the legal foundation
on which normal business dealings are conducted.
Translate from
Russian: Капитал
- это в совокупности
инструменты,
оборудование,
машины и здания,
используемые
для производства
товаров и услуг.
В этом случае
капитал не
относится
просто к деньгам.
Деньги сами
по себе не
производительны,
но когда на
них приобретают
станки, пишущие
машинки, краны
и помещения
для их установки,
они становятся
производительными.
Provide the correct Russian and
English equivalents:
Answer the question:
Who controls the operation and direction of basic industries in
modern Russia?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: Mr. Robertson, my
companion, …(to own) now five big factories … (to
produce) children's books and toys.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
Washington, …capital of the USA, is situated on both banks
of … Potomac river.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: Usually businessmen rent
offices ... the centre or ... a prestige disctrict of the city.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: The
members of a limited company have limited liability.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
In our days when the world has radically changed we, professors,
should teach young people a new way of thinking.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
12
Translate from English: The
most basic requirement of a contract is the presence of an
agreement. It must have been entered voluntarily and involved "a
genuine meeting of minds". The agreement may be invalidated by
a number of factors - mistake, misrepresentation, duress and undue
pressure.
Translate from
Russian: В
сегодняшних
условиях мирному
сосуществованию
государств
нет разумной
альтернативы.
Или жить вместе,
или погибнуть
вместе - третьего
не дано. Именно
на этой идее
основывается
сегодня внешняя
политика России.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
Economics has deep roots in, and close ties to, social philosophy?
Why?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: Two firms … (to
strike) just a contract for the mutual supply of goods.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
In capitalism, if a company produces ... defective product or
charges too much for ... product it is regected by consumers.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: I have not seen my friend
... ages. He was ... diplomatic service abroad.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate:
Global contradictions affect the very foundations of the existence
of civilization.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
Sales representatives often visit the clientele of retail dealers.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
13
Translate from English: Generally,
the law doesn't require complex formalities concerning the form of
a contract. The majority of agreements are created either orally or
implied from conduct. There are, however, some types of contracts
which are needed in writing. They are contracts for sale of land,
sale of goods on credit, for borrowing money and others.
Translate from
Russian: Менеджеры
выполняют
свою работу
в организации.
Они принимают
решения, распределяют
ресурсы и
направляют
деятельность
других на
достижение
целей, поставленных
перед организацией.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
They say that economics is a behavioral science? Why?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: Nobody before thought of …
(to go) abroad and … (to look) for a job there. Now a lot of
people … (to think) about it.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
With the creditor function, each bank, as institution, plays ...
excludingly important part in the economy.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: Russia tries to base its
relations ... other countries ... the principles of equal security
and mutual benefit.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: In the
privarte enterprise system the right to profit attracts people to
begin business.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
A court of law cannot enforce any agreement if it does not know
what the agreement is.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
14
Translate from English: A
contract of insurance is an agreement whereby an insurance company
undertakes to compensate a person, called the insured, if the risk
insured against does in fact occur.
Translate from
Russian: В
настоящее
время мы, как
никогда раньше,
нуждаемся в
эффективных
экономических
подходах и
механизмах,
основанных
на паритете,
которые гарантировали
бы рациональное
использование
природных
ресурсов как
общего достояния
(собственности)
человечества.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
How can global problems, in your opinion, be solved now? On what
principles?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: These goods … (to
sell) in big volumes and by items.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
... economic system is ... method society uses to allocate its
resources to satisfy its needs.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: The private enterprise
system is founded ... four principles or rights: the right ...
private property, freedom of choice, competion and profits.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: Our
manager left the message for his friend with the secretary.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
In Russia banks are now running a great business in stock markets.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
15
Translate from English: Consideration
is the value or benefit that a party provides to the others with
whom the contract is made. Consideration can take two forms:
executed consideration and executory consideration. In any case
consideration must not be illegal.
Translate from
Russian: Прибыль
- это разница
между общими
доходами от
бизнеса либо
выручкой от
продажи и общими
затратами
производства
(издержками
производства),
включая оперативные
расходы и налоги.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What is a market? What kinds of markets do you know?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: Why do people make
businesses? They do it in the hope of …(to get) profits.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
The USA is … Federal Union of 50 states; each of them has …
government.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: The legislative power in
Great Britain is exercised ... the Houses ... Parliament.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate:
Yesterday our firm concluded a very profitable contract.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
By utilizing markering research marketers have acquired information
on consumers.
Зав. кафедрой
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Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
16
Translate from English: The
mere fact of an agreement alone doesn't make a contract. In order
for such an agreement to be valid and enforceable through the
courts consideration must be furnished by each party to the
contract.
Translate from
Russian: Акция
- владение частью
компании и,
следовательно,
правом на долю
любого дохода,
который она
приносит
(дивиденд).
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
Why are wholesale and retail dealers called intermediaries in
business? What is customers’ attitude towards them?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: In each House of English
Parliament a bill … (to consider) in three stages …
(to call) readings.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
... Contract law is ... branch of ... civil law. It is ... legal
foundation of all business dealings.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: The new cars of Gorki
plant are different ... what we had two years ago. We are very
interested ... buying some of them.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: Under
the Contract law nobody can use another name and trademark by
starting a new business.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
We have to decide this problem immediately.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
17
Translate from English: The
standards of proof are higher in a criminal action than in a civil
action since the loser risks not only financial penalties but also
being sent to prison (or. in some countries, executed).
Translate from
Russian: Экономическое
развитие всех
стран было бы
ускорено
осуществлением
широкой программы
разоружения.
Более низкие
уровни военной
конфронтации
создали бы
благоприятную
атмосферу для
активизации
экономического
сотрудничества
в интересах
всех и всего.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
Land, labor, capital and entrepreneurship are the main factors of
production in any economic system. Who must they belong to, in your
opinion?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: The success of your
business will depend on your (to plan and to motivate) the
activities of the employees of the firm.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
In Russia ... bill becomes ... law if it is approved by both
chambers of the Federal Assembly and signed by the President.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: All parents try to provide
their children ... good education and good manners.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: Sales
experience greatly increases business people’s chances in the
market.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
Buying power will separate casual lookers from serious customers in
any market.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
18
Translate from English: Public
law is primarily concerned with the relationship between the state
and its citizens. The main categories of public law are: crimes,
constitutional law, international law.
Translate from
Russian: Экономическая
теория является
наукой о том,
как люди и общества
делают выбор,
во что вкладывать
дефицитные
ресурсы среди
конкурирующих
возможностей.
Сделанный ими
выбор, суммируясь,
превращается
в общественный
выбор.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
Advertisement is of much importance to modern business? What means
of advertisement do you know?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: If there are appeals from
magistrate's courts they always … (to hear) in the Crown
Court unless they are on points of law.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
Russia is ... presidentail republic, it is one of ... leading
powers in the world.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: As there was a long break
... the general manager and the work group of the firm, we didn’t
make good profits last month.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: Russia
has never laid any territorial claims against any country in the
world.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
English law does not recognize joint ownership of property as a
business.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
19
Translate from English: A
mere agreement is not yet a contract commonly, the term "Contract"
is used by English lawyers to convey the idea of responsibility
which arises from the voluntary engagement of one person to
another.
Translate from
Russian: Все
менеджеры
имеют руководящую
роль. Эта роль
включает в
себя: найм,
тренинг, мотивацию
и приучение
служащих к
дисциплине.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What is contract? Please, give its definition and name its basic
elements.
Use the
right form(s) of the verb(s) in brackets:
It is true that our director is suspected of … (to commit a
crime).
Insert article(s) where necessary:
The United States is … very large country with different
climatic regions; it is … land of rivers and lakes.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: London is noted ... its
museums and art galleries
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate:
Businessmen pay much attention to the way their offices look like.
Use the phrase
in the Passive Voice: The product
strategy of this firm was including dicisions about new product
development and the product life cycle.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
20
Translate from English: A
mortgage is a method of borrowing money on the security of some
property. Any kind of property (land, goods, insurance policies)
may be the subject of a mortgage but, in practice, most mortgage
advances are secured on land.
Translate from
Russian: Труд
- совокупный
человеческий
ресурс(ы), необходимый
для превращения
сырьевых материалов
в товары и услуги.
Он включает
в себя работу
всех работников
бизнеса - от
высшего руководства
до работников
всех звеньев
организационной
структуры.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
How are economic decisions made under communism?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: The executive power in
Russia belongs to the Government, or the Cabinet of Ministers, …
(to head) by the Prime-Minister.
Insert
article(s) where necessary: The main
mountain chains in Russia are ... Urals, ... Caucasus and ...
Altai.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: The competitive firm
profited ... our firm’s mistakes and sold all its goods ... a
profit.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: In
capitalism anyone who has the capital can embark on any business he
or she chooses.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
Our laboratory at St. Petersbourg is carrying out sampling and
analysis of the imported goods.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
21
Translate from English: In
most countries criminal and civil procedures are different. For
example, criminal actions are nearly always started by the state.
Civil actions, on the other hand, are usually started by
individuals.
Translate
from Russian:
Существуют
различные
способы ведения
дела (бизнеса).
Наиболее известные
из них: создать
(организовать)
компанию с
ограниченной
или неограниченной
ответственностью,
образовать
товарищество,
или действовать
как индивидуальный
торговец. Каждый
из этих способов
имеет преимущества
и недостатки.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What ways to run a business do you know? Please, name them.
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: The government insists on
(to impose) a new income tax.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
Under the concept of indemnity, which is central to ... insurance,
insurance is merely to cover ... financial loss.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: In the USA legislative
branch is exercised … the Congress and the executive branch
is headed ... the President.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: Gorki
plant producing cars has been operating in the market for ten years
already.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
Illegal considerations will not make binding contracts.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
22
Translate from English: Illegal
considerations will not make a binding contract. A contract
containing an agreement to do anything immoral, indecent or
contrary to law is void as, for example, contracts to commit,
conceal or compound a crime.
Translate from
Russian: Сколько
нужно капитала
для открытия
своего дела?
Это зависит
от таких переменных
величин, как
месторасположение,
условия кредита,
предоставляемого
поставщиками,
расстояние
от рынков и
природа товара
или услуги.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What are three basic forms of business ownership?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: We all used … (to
work hard) when we were young.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
There are a lot of great rivers and deep lakes on Russian
territory: the longest rivers are ... Volga in Europe and …
Yenisei in Asia.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: Enterpreneurship consists
... risking the loss of money, time and effort in the hope - but
... any guarantee - ... profit.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: In the
USA the president can sign and veto any bill adopted by Congress.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
The Russian philosophy of securing peace in the nuclear-space age
encompasses the entire comples of disarmement measures.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
23
Translate from English: Private
law is very often called civil law and is contrasted with criminal
law. Criminal law mainly deals with crimes which are considered to
harm the well being of individuals as well as the well being of
society in general.
Translate from
Russian: Рынок
- это группа
потенциальных
потребителей,
обладающих
правом и способностью
приобретать
отдельный
товар или услугу,
которые удовлетворяют
их коллективные
запросы.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What are the main topics of any international commercial contract?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s)
in brackets: In Russia legislative
power … (to vest) in the Federal Assembly … (to
consist) of the Council of Federation and the State Duma.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and … Northern Ireland
is … constitutional monarchy.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: Owing to the measures
taken ... the goverment in the last two years all the products have
considerably risen ... price.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate:
Insurance lends itself only to the treatment of pure risk.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
The economists have predicted a lot of financial losses for this
year.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
24
Translate from English: A
contract gives rise to certain rights and obligations. But these
rights and obligations cannot arise except between the parties to
the contract. A contract may be binding upon one party to the
contract and not upon the other.
Translate from
Russian: Ресурсы,
используемые
для организации
бизнеса - производства
товаров и услуг,
являются факторами
производства.
Это - земля, труд,
капитал и
предпринимательство.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What are the main principles of Russia's foreign policy?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: Small-business owners do
not often succeed in … (to run) a business.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
Being in business means filling a customer need, ... niche, ...
demand for ... particular kind of goods in ... particular kind of
way.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: The House of Lords of
English Parliament is composed ... hereditary and life peers while
the members of the House of Commons are elected ... the people.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: New
small-business owners in Moscow have offered a lot of goods and
services to the public of late.
Use the
phrase in the Passive Voice: The
treaty on Europian Union provides for the gradual creation of a
single currency.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
25
Translate from English: A
minor is bound by contracts of employment, apprenticeship and
education, which are for his benefit. And such contracts as leases
of land, partnership and the purchase of shares are binding on him
until he decides to reject them. He must repudiate the contract
before reaching 18 not to be liable upon a contract.
Translate from
Russian: При
капитализме
бизнес предстает
во всех видах
и размерах.
Однако, в общем,
бизнес - это
либо товаропроизводящие,
либо производящие
услуги фирмы.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What problems does mankind face in our days? Are they really global
and serious?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: We believe that a new
thinking must … (to adopt) in the World in order …
(to settle) global problems.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
In the USA … highest mountains are … Rocky Mountains
and … Cordillera.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: The manager of our firm is
absent now. Yesterday he left ... France where he is ... business
trip.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: In
England solicitors deal with all the day work of preparing legal
documents for barristers.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
In building a new society our country has dealt with immense
prospects and difficulties.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
26
Translate from English: There
are different types of business contracts. The most common of them
are: contracts for financial services, contracts concerning land;
mortgages, employment contracts, contracts of agency, contracts for
the supply of goods, contracts of bailment: hire.
Translate from
Russian: Экономическая
система - это
метод, который
общество использует
для распределения
своих ресурсов
в целях удовлетворения
потребностей.
Что отличает
одну систему
от другой - так
это контроль
над факторами
производства
и взаимодействие
бизнеса, правительства
и потребителей.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
What can you say about today's economic reforms in Russia? Are you
satisfied with their results?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: There … (to be) a
number telephone calls in our firm today.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
The United States of America are situated in … central part
of the North American continent and washed by … Pacific and
… Atlantic oceans.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: St. Paul’s Cathedral
is one of the places of interest of London: it was built ... 1675
... 1709 and is crowned ... a huge dome.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate:
Advertisement, a very important branch of marketing, has been
developing with the development of mass media.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
In the market customers are purchasing products and services from
manufacturers and wholesalers.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
27
Translate from English: The
second basic element of an agreement is an acceptance of the offer.
An acceptance may take any form. It can be given orally or in
writing but silence cannot normally amount to an acceptance.
Translate from
Russian: Потребительский
рынок состоит
из отдельных
лиц, покупающих
товары для
личного использования.
Товары, предназначенные
для этого рынка,
известны как
потребительские
товары.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
Is there any difference between capitalism and the private
enterprise system or they are both one and the same economic
system?
Use the right form(s) of the verb(s) in
brackets: The new government of
Russia counts much on … (to support) by the State Duma in …
(to conduct) economic reforms.
Insert article(s) where necessary:
Once London was… small Roman town on … Thames which
slowly grew into one of the world's major cities.
Fill in the blanks with prepositions where
necessary: ... the threshold ot the
third millennium the world is full ... hopes as well as
overburdened ... dangers and contradictions.
Ask questions: a) to the subject of the
sentence; b) to the predicate: Our
country will pay especial attention to maintaining traditionally
good relations with neighbouring countries.
Use the phrase in the Passive Voice:
During a slack one can sell products necessary for life, even in
big quantities.
Зав. кафедрой
--------------------------------------------------
Экзаменационный
билет по предмету
АНГЛИЙСКИЙ
ЯЗЫК. БАЗОВЫЙ
КУРС ДЛЯ НЕЛИНГВИСТОВ
Билет №
28
Translate from English: Capacity
is a legal ability of a party to enter into agreements. It means,
that everyone is capable of entering into a contract. But there
some groups of people who are in need of law's protection. They are
minors under the age of 18, mental patients and drunkards.
Translate from
Russian: Существуют
три формы
предпринимательской
собственности:
индивидуальная
собственность,
товарищество
и корпорация.
Создавая свое
предприятие,
предприниматель
решает, какую
из этих трех
форм он должен
выбрать.
Provide the correct Russian and English
equivalents:
Answer the question:
When do excess demand and excess supply arise in the market? How do
prices of goods react on them?
|